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Measuring pre-service dieticians’ sport nutrition knowledge levels seems important in order to determine their real educational needs, monitor the im

Rölatif yaş etkisi (RYE) birçok spor dalında kanıtlanmış önemli bir olgudur. Bu sistematik derlemenin amacı, RYE'nin futsal oyuncularında bir seçim avantajı olup olmadığını incelemektir. Mevcut araştırma, Web of Science ve SCOPUS veri tabanlarında futsalda RYE'yi araştıran çalışmaları içermektedir. 2010-2023 yıllarını kapsayan toplam 13 araştırma makalesi sistematik olarak incelenmiştir. Genel sonuçlar, futsal oyuncuları arasında RYE’lerin nispeten varlığını göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte erkek futsal oyuncularının çarpık doğum oranlarına sahip olduğunu göstermektedir; bu da takvim yılının ilk üç ayında doğan sporcuların daha büyük bir seçilme avantajına sahip olduğunu anlamına gelmektedir. Ancak kadın futsal oyuncuları için böyle bir etki görülmemektedir. Oyun pozisyonlarına göre, fiziksel kapasitenin başarı için daha belirleyici olduğu pozisyonlarda RYE’nin daha yaygın olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Gençlik liglerinin yanı sıra büyüklerde de RYE’ler nispeten yaygındır. Bu nedenle, seçim önyargısına neden olan RYE’lerin azaltılması ya da ortadan kaldırılması için gerekli planların yapılarak bunların uygulanmasına ihtiyaç vardır.

Relative Age Effects (RAEs) have been widely reported trends in basketball participation, but research on the relationship between RAEs and competitive performance has been contradictory. We aimed to determine the magnitude of RAEs in elite youth basketball players and to analyze RAEs on key performance indicators (KPIs). We recorded and analyzed the incidence of early birthdates and the KPIs of 2487 youth basketball players (aged 16–19 years). We evaluated RAEs by means of the incidence of early birthdates using (i) Chi-square (χ ² ) goodness-of-fit tests to compare player differences in birthdate quartiles and (ii) Poisson regression analysis to evaluate birthdates as a continuous variable. We conducted Kruskal-Wallis tests separately for each age group to assess possible relationships between birthdate quartile differences and KPIs. We observed consistent moderate RAEs across all ages. The Poisson regression analysis showed that athletes born near the beginning of the year were 4.6–8.4 times more likely to have been included on the squad than athletes born towards the end of the year. We observed no significant differences between KPIs for differently aged athletes. However, 16-year-old athletes with first quartile birthdates showed higher KPIs than those with fourth quartile birthdates of the same calendar year. The potential bases for RAEs are complex and include the characteristic demands of sports competition at various competition levels and athletes’ ages, individual factors and social factors. We discuss these and other potential bases. Basketball coaches and managers should keep RAEs in mind when selecting youth players to avoid a selection bias towards players born at the beginning of the year which may close out training opportunities and cause drop outs for talented but slightly younger players.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable hiking and camping common content knowledge test for Turkish preservice physical education teachers. Method: Participants were 305 physical education students who had previously completed hiking and camping content course in Physical Education Teacher Education. The researchers followed five steps to develop the test. The Rasch model was utilized for data analysis. Results: Findings showed a good item model fit for all items, except Item 4. Results also indicated that the developed test had high internal consistency for both item difficulty and person ability. Overall, the test findings demonstrated good evidence to support the validity and reliability of hiking and camping common content knowledge test. Discussion/Conclusion: The developed test can be used for measuring hiking and camping knowledge level of physical education teachers and Physical Education Teacher Education students.

The purpose of this study was to investigtate the attitudes of physical education (PE) teacher candidates studying at Akdeniz University, Faculty of Sport Sciences towards folk dance lesson. A total of 140 female and 160 male students at Akdeniz University Faculty of Sport Sciences participated in the research. In particular, a total of 92 students except from the Depertment of Physical Education and Sports stated that they have received educational formation training. Folk Dance Lesson Attitude Scale for Physical Education Teacher Candidates developed by Turan (2015) and consisting of 13 items was used to measure the attitudes of PE teacher candidates towards the folk dance lesson. In the statistical analyses, descriptive statistics (frequency (f), percentage (%)) and inferential statistics T-Test and ANOVA tests were used. SPSS 22.0 statistical program was used, and the statistical significance level was set at p<0.05 in all evaluations. A statistically significant difference was found between the attitudes of the teacher candidates participating in the research towards the folk dance lesson according to the gender variable in favor of female students. According to the variable of experience in the folk dance course participation of the pre-service teachers, a statistically significant difference was determined between their attitudes towards the folk dance course in favor of the students who had previous course experience. As a result of the examination of the difference between the attitudes of teacher candidates towards the folk dance lesson according to the department variable, there was a statistically significant difference between the students in the Department of PE and Sports and the Department of Coaching Education. This difference was noted in favor of the students in the Department of PE and Sports..

Background and Study Aim: Heart rate variability (HRV) provides information about sympathetic-parasympathetic balance. The effects of different types of physical exercises on HRV have been investigated so far. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the chronic effects of six-week slow and controlled breathing exercise on HRV in physically active, healthy adults. Material and Methods: A total of 22 individuals (11 female, 11 male) participated in the study voluntarily. The experimental group (EG) attended to the breathing exercises for 15 minutes per day, three days a week for six weeks. Neither the EG nor the control group (CG) did join in any regular physical activity program during the study. Both groups participated in the HRV measurements before and after the six-week of process. Results: Only the EG showed statistically significant changes in some HRV parameters. The alterations observed in LF:HF ratio, HFnu, and LFnu parameters were to reflect the increase in parasympathetic activity. Although the changes in the other parameters of HRV such as SDNN, SDSD, RMSSD, TP, HF, LF, and VLF were also related to increased vagal activity, these alterations were not significant. However, no significant change was found in the CG. Conclusions: These results show that only the slow, controlled breathing exercises for six weeks could be used to improve parasympathetic activity in physically active individuals. A study could be designed where the duration is kept over 8 weeks, and the effects of physical exercises only, breathing exercises only, and physical + breathing exercises together on HRV are examined.

Background and Study Aim: Heart rate variability (HRV) provides information about sympathetic-parasympathetic balance. The effects of different types of physical exercises on HRV have been investigated so far. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the chronic effects of six-week slow and controlled breathing exercise on HRV in physically active, healthy adults. Material and Methods: A total of 22 individuals (11 female, 11 male) participated in the study voluntarily. The experimental group (EG) attended to the breathing exercises for 15 minutes per day, three days a week for six weeks. Neither the EG nor the control group (CG) did join in any regular physical activity program during the study. Both groups participated in the HRV measurements before and after the six-week of process. Results: Only the EG showed statistically significant changes in some HRV parameters. The alterations observed in LF:HF ratio, HFnu, and LFnu parameters were to reflect the increase in parasympathetic activity. Although the changes in the other parameters of HRV such as SDNN, SDSD, RMSSD, TP, HF, LF, and VLF were also related to increased vagal activity, these alterations were not significant. However, no significant change was found in the CG. Conclusions: These results show that only the slow, controlled breathing exercises for six weeks could be used to improve parasympathetic activity in physically active individuals. A study could be designed where the duration is kept over 8 weeks, and the effects of physical exercises only, breathing exercises only, and physical + breathing exercises together on HRV are examined.

The water environment offers a wide range of opportunities for people to have fun, organize activities for sports and recreation. The water environment is not an environment in which people can survive. But the buoyancy and the physical properties of the human make it possible to float on the surface of the water without sinking. Drowning in water; is a chain of events that starts with respiratory inhibition caused by sinking in the water environment and ends with complete cessation. Drowning can be considered as an important problem within the scope of public health. The number of people who lost their lives by drowning in a year is estimated to be around a thousand in Turkey. The aim of this study is to examine the deaths caused by drowning in the province of Sinop in terms of the number of people drowning on a yearly basis, the reasons for being there, the demographic characteristics of these people, how the drowning took place and the environment in which drowning events took place. In this research, online search engines were crawled with the following keywords, "drowned in the sea", "drowned in the water", "dropped into the water and drowned", "victim saved but savior drowned ", "couldn’t save and drowned", "drowned while swimming" etc. and news about drowning were collected on a daily basis based on the date of 01.01.2005 and 31.12.2016. In the light of the information obtained from these news, the information of the people who drowned, the place of the drowning event, the reasons for being at the scene of the incident, the water environment, etc. were recorded. The analysis of the data was carried out with the SPSS 21 package program and 2 of the descriptive statistical methods, frequency and percentage tests were used. As a result, the number of people who died by drowning in the city of Sinop in 12 years was determined to be 64. Swimming and water safety training should be provided from a young age in order to prevent deaths as a result of drowning.

The purpose of this study was to investigation of the effect of six weeks electrostimulation training on physical changes in the sedentary men and women. Electro muscle stimulation (EMS), which is applied since the discovery of contraction under the influence of electrical currents, on the purpose of rehabilitation and treatment purposes, has attracted the attention of coaches, athletes and sports scientists as a popular training method over time. In the present research, 6 weeks, 3 days a week and for 25 minutes in a day of EMS machine training program was applied to the sedentary women n=12 and sedentary men n=12. In order to determine effect of EMS machine training on the physical changes which are body mass, % body fat, fat mass, body mass index, total body water, fat free mass, muscle mass, Tanita (SC-300) Body Composition Analyzer was used as a pre-test and post-test. The results of the Tanita body measurements were analyzed by using SPSS computer program, the standard deviations were calculated, and pre- and post-training statistical paired samples T Test analysis were made. According to SPSS analysis results, there are statistically significant increases in the % body fat, fat mass, soft muscle tissues, extracellular and intracellular liquid weights and cell mass weights (p0.05). Only EMS training has increased the maximum power associated with sports, due to the increase in the speed of movement. In addition, the stronger long-term effects of EMS training provide new opportunities, as determined by the duration of the training. The right application of full-body EMS training with dynamic exercise movements is a promising combination for power and speed training.

Tarama modelli araştırmamızın amacı, lise 1. Sınıfta öğrenim gören erkek ve kadın öğrencilerin cinsiyet, okul türü, okul dışında aktif spor yapma durumları gibi değişkenlere göre beden eğitimi ve spora ilişkin tutumlarının karşılaştırılmasıdır. Araştırmamızın evrenini devlet okullarından 117 kadın ve 130 erkek toplam 247 öğrenci, özel okullardan 122 kadın ve 131 erkek toplam 253 lise 1.sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada, Demirhan ve Altay (2001) tarafından geliştirilen Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Tutum Ölçeği (BESTÖ) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada öğrencilerin cinsiyeti, okul türü ve okul dışında aktif spor yapıp yapmama durumunu tespit etmek amacıyla kişisel bilgi formu geliştirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde kişisel bilgiler için betimsel istatistik yöntemlerinden frekans (n), yüzde (%), aritmetik ortalama (X) ve standart sapma (Ss) kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; kadın ve erkek öğrencilerin tutum puanları karşılaştırıldığında erkek öğrencilerin tutumlarının kadın öğrencilere göre daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin spor yapıp yapmama durumlarına göre beden eğitimi ve spor dersine yönelik tutumları incelendiğinde; anlamlı bir farkın olduğu görülmektedir (p0.05). Anket sorularından, Beden eğitimi ve spor eğitimi dersinde korku hissine kapılırım, beden eğitimi dersinde çok sıkılırım, beden eğitimi dersinden daima sıkılırım, sorularına verilen yanıtlar tamamen katılmıyorum ve katılmıyorum cevaplarında yoğunlaşmıştır. Okul ders programlarının her yılında beden eğitimi ve spor dersi olmalıdır, sorusuna öğrencilerin verdikleri cevaplara bakıldığında tamamen katılıyorum ve katılıyorum cevabını verdikleri görülmektedir.