Ishaan Kumar
Current Organizations / Institutes
The organizations/institutes from the scholar's latest article
Research Subjects
Research Interests
Ishaan Kumar has a total of 21 co-authors. Here are the top co-authors by number of shared publications:
- Abdullah H. Baqui
Department of International Health, International Center for Maternal and Newborn Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
1 shared publication - Asmd Ashraful Islam
Projahnmo Research Foundation, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh
1 shared publication Brian L. Hsueh
1 shared publicationBrian V. Nahed
1 shared publicationBriana C. Prager
1 shared publication- Claire Twose
Johns Hopkins University Evidence-Based Practice Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
1 shared publication
Latest Publications
- Open Access
- 12 January 2021
- Published by MDPI AG in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Vol. 18 (2) , 573
Prenatal Environmental Metal Exposure and Preterm Birth: A Scoping Review
Preterm birth (PTB) and its complications are the leading causes of under-five year old child deaths, accounting worldwide for an estimated one million deaths annually. The etiology of PTB is complex and multifactorial. Exposures to environmental metals or metalloids are pervasive and prenatal exposures to them are considered important in the etiology of PTB. We conducted a scoping review to determine the extent of prenatal exposures to four metals/metalloids (lead, mercury, cadmium and arsenic) and their association with PTB. We reviewed original research studies published in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, POPLINE and the WHO regional indexes from 2000 to 2019; 36 articles were retained for full text review. We documented a higher incidence of PTB with lead and cadmium exposures. The findings for mercury and arsenic exposures were inconclusive. Metal-induced oxidative stress in the placenta, epigenetic modification, inflammation, and endocrine disruptions are the most common pathways through which heavy metals and metalloids affect placental functions leading to PTB. Most of the studies were from the high-income countries, reflecting the need for additional data from low-middle-income countries, where PTB rates are higher and prenatal exposure to metals are likely to be just as high, if not higher.
- 12 January 2021
- Published by MDPI AG in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Vol. 18 (2) , 573
Open AccessPrenatal Environmental Metal Exposure and Preterm Birth: A Scoping Review
Preterm birth (PTB) and its complications are the leading causes of under-five year old child deaths, accounting worldwide for an estimated one million deaths annually. The etiology of PTB is complex and multifactorial. Exposures to environmental metals or metalloids are pervasive and prenatal exposures to them are considered important in the etiology of PTB. We conducted a scoping review to determine the extent of prenatal exposures to four metals/metalloids (lead, mercury, cadmium and arsenic) and their association with PTB. We reviewed original research studies published in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, POPLINE and the WHO regional indexes from 2000 to 2019; 36 articles were retained for full text review. We documented a higher incidence of PTB with lead and cadmium exposures. The findings for mercury and arsenic exposures were inconclusive. Metal-induced oxidative stress in the placenta, epigenetic modification, inflammation, and endocrine disruptions are the most common pathways through which heavy metals and metalloids affect placental functions leading to PTB. Most of the studies were from the high-income countries, reflecting the need for additional data from low-middle-income countries, where PTB rates are higher and prenatal exposure to metals are likely to be just as high, if not higher.