Kurvatteppa Halemani

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Individualised Counselling Session (ICS) on Robotic Assisted Surgery to reduce stress and anxiety among parents of children undergoing Robotic Assisted Surgery. The objective was to assess the level of pre-operative stress and anxiety among the parents of children undergoing Robotic Assisted Surgery in selected surgical wards in experimental and control groups. A Quasi experimental study design and 50 samples were taken. The samples were selected by purposive sampling techniques, who fulfilled the sample criteria. The demographic variable and structured questionnaire were used for data collection. The descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis with the help of SPSS software version 27. Out of 50 samples (25 each in experimental and control group) the experimental group RAS type pyeloplasty counts for 10(41.7%), Ureteric Reimplantation 4(16.7%), Bladder reconstruction surgery 5(20.8%), Mitrofanoff surgery 6(20.8%). Length of the stay for patient before surgery were 4–8 days in 12 patients (50%), 8–10 days in 11 patient (45.8%), 10–12 days in 2 patient (4.2%). Level of education of father who were included in the study were secondary education counts for 2(4.2%), Senior secondary education 7(29.2%), Graduation 16(66.7%) whereas level of education of mother who were included in the study were primary education counts for 3(12.5%), secondary education 4(12.5%), senior secondary 11(45.8%), graduation 7(29.2%) under the control group male were included in the study were 22(88%) and female were 3(12%).The RAS type pyeloplasty counts for 12(48%), Ureteric Reimplantation 4(16%), Bladder reconstruction surgery 3(12%), Mitrofanoff surgery 6(24%). Length of the stay for patient before surgery were 4–8 days in 10 patients (40%), 8–10 days in 13 patient (52%), 10–12 days in 2 patient (8%). Level of education of father who were included in the study were primary education counts for 2(8%), Senior secondary education 9(36%), Graduation 14(56%) whereas level of education of mother who were included in the study were primary education counts for 2(8%), secondary education 6(24%), senior secondary 10(40%), graduation 7(28%). Effectiveness of Individualised counselling Session (ICS) among parents were assessed with the help of structured tool APAIS and B-MEPS for anxiety and stress respectively in experimental and control group. In the experimental group in pre-test their Median was 1 and 26 in stress and anxiety respectively and after giving the Individualised Counselling Session (ICS) their post Test Score was Median 0.78 and 26 in stress and anxiety respectively. After apply the Wilcoxon Signed rank Test the p-value was significant i.e. < 0.001 for both stress and anxiety. The Z-value was -4.374 and -4.391in stress and anxiety respectively. In the control group in pre-test median was 1 and 25 in stress and anxiety respectively, and the post- test score was 0.78 and 26 in stress and anxiety respectively. After applying the Wilcoxon signed rank test the p-value was < 0.001 for stress and 0.412 for anxiety. It shows significantly increase in anxiety but not stress. The Z-value was -4.05 and -0.821 in stress and anxiety respectively. Therefore, it is concluded that there is effectiveness in experimental group after giving the counselling their stress and anxiety got reduced whereas in control group their stress got reduced but anxiety was persistent pre-operatively.

Introduction: Intestinal stomas are elective or life-saving surgical procedures performed for various medical reasons. A colostomy is an opening created in the large intestine to divert fecal flow away from an obstructed region, and it is sometimes required in children. This review aimed to comprehensively evaluate the colostomy care knowledge and skills of parents of children living with a colostomy. Method: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. A comprehensive literature search was performed across multiple electronic databases, including PubMed, ClinicalKey, Scopus, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science. Two reviewers independently conducted data extraction and assessed the risk of bias; discrepancies between these reviewers were referred to the third author. For each study, mean differences and corresponding weights were calculated using the standardized mean difference (SMD), adjusted for the standard deviation. Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models, and statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the I ² statistic. Result: A total of six studies were included for systematic review and meta-analysis, representing diverse populations from various countries. The sample sizes of primary studies ranged from 30 to 100 participants, with parents aged between 21 and 40 years. Geographically, India reported five studies, followed by Egypt with four and Iran with one study. The meta-analysis indicated that colostomy care education intervention significantly enhanced the knowledge and practice skills of parents by 5.2 times and 3.07-fold. Conclusion: This review highlights the significant impact of colostomy care education interventions on parents, enabling them to provide independent colostomy care in their home settings. These findings underscore the need for stakeholders, policymakers, and healthcare professionals to ensure that primary caregivers receive comprehensive education on home-based colostomy care prior to hospital discharge.

Introduction: Internet‐based interventions have become a necessity in providing care. To assess quality‐of‐life perceptions among women living with breast cancer (BC) receiving any type of internet‐based treatments. Methods: The present systematic review and meta‐analysis were registered in PROSPERO with the ID no. CRD42024498834. All internet‐based interventional studies among women living with BC assessing their quality of life perceptions before and after the intervention or between the usual and the intervention group were included. We consulted the British Nursing Database, CINHAL, Embase, Medline, Nursing & Allied Database, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Quality of life perceptions were assessed thanks to the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Breast (FACT‐B) and the EORTC‐QLQ‐core Questionnaire (EORTC‐QLQ‐C30). Results: The heterogeneity test findings of the eight studies exploring the FACT‐B suggested that there was a significant heterogeneity among the selected studies ( I ² = 68%, p = 0.002). The FACT‐B mean score among women living with BC was 0.31 (95% CI: 0.08–0.53). The heterogeneity test among the four studies exploring the EORTC‐QLQ‐C30 score revealed that there was a significant heterogeneity among the selected studies ( I ² = 74%, p = 0.009). The EORTC‐QLQ‐C30 mean score was 0.24 (95% CI: −0.11 to 0.58). Conclusion: Internet‐based interventions could ameliorate quality of life perceptions since most of the enrolled participants revealed as complicated the home community management allowing regular participation.

Mental disorders are a major contributor to the global burden of non-fatal diseases, with anxiety and depression being the most frequently reported [1]. While some mental disorders may be resolved without treatment, others require extensive management. Anxiety involves feelings of worry and fear related to specific situations, and a certain amount of anxiety can motivate […]

Introduction: Vaccination pain is the most common distress for young children and their parents. Non-pharmacological interventions significant impact on vaccination pain in infants. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to appraises the evidence concerning the non-pharmacological interventions on vaccine related pain in infants. Methods: This study was followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement and recommendation of Cochrane guidelines. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, Web of Science, and Clinical Key, were searched for original trails. Pooled data were analyzed using a random‐effects model with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The subgroup analysis including breastfeeding, sucrose, kangaroo mother care, massage, heat-cold applications, and pain scales were presented in forest plots using RevMan software 5 version 4.1. Results: A total of 1,739 infants were included from 19 trials. Of these, 1,055 infants received interventions, while 684 infants given usual care. Eight trails used breastfeeding as an intervention, standard mean difference (SMD): -3.28. 95% (CI): -4.16 to -2.4, P=0.0, I²=95%. Similarly, six trials employed sucrose [SMD -2.22, CI: -3.68 to -0.75, P=0.0, I²=97%]. Three studies utilized kangaroo mother care (KMC), SMD: -1.1 CI: -2.18 to -0.02, P=0.0, I²=89%) and hot and cold applications [SMD: -1.14, CI: -2.86 to 0.58, P=0.0, I²=95%]. Conclusion: Noninvasive therapies such as breastfeeding, massage, sucrose, KMC, and hot and cold applications were effective interventions in reducing vaccination pain in infants. Studies have proved that nonpharmacological interventions were ideal and acted as analgesics among children with fewer side effects.

Background/Objective: Prostate cancer (PCa) represents the second-most common cancer among men worldwide. Obesity is generally considered as a risk factor for cancer and it has been associated with a 20–30% increased risk of PCa death. The present systematic review and meta-analyses aimed to highlight any existing trends between prostate neoplasm stages according to normal weight, overweight and obesity conditions. Methods: All interventional records such as randomized clinical trials, quasi-experimental studies and observational studies were included in the present systematic review and meta-analysis which reported PCa stages according to Gleason (GS) or TNM scores according to the BMI-related incidence, as normal weight, overweight and obesity groups. Results: Twenty-nine studies were included in the present study. As regards the GS scoring system, 1.09% of high grade in GS was reported among PCa normal weights. Among PCa overweights, 0.98% of low grade was registered in GS. The same trend was recorded among obese PCa patients, since 0.79% of low grade in GS was also registered. As regards TNM scores, both normal weight, overweight and obese PCa patients registered a significant incidence in non-advanced TNM score, without any significant differences considering higher TNM assessments. Conclusions: Although the literature seemed to be more in favor of associations between BMI and GS, no specific mechanisms were highlighted between obesity and PCa progression. In this regard, the low androgen microenvironment in obese men could play an important role, but further studies will be necessary in this direction.

Objectives: The objective of this review was to analyze quantitative data on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to increase the accuracy of estimates of the prevalence of ASD.Methods: This review, which was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, included studies conducted from January 2008 to June 2024 on children aged 3 to 18 years that used standardized measurement tools and reported cut-off scores for ASD. The prevalence of ASD was the primary outcome analyzed in this review. The PubMed, Clinical Key, Scopus, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases were reviewed for relevant studies. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO and followed the Cochrane collaboration guidelines.Results: A total of 66 studies reported on the prevalence of ASD, screening 21,313,061 children worldwide. Among these, 25 studies were conducted in Europe, 22 in Asia, and 13 in America. Additionally, 3 studies each were reported from Africa and Australia. According to a meta-analysis, 0.77% of children globally are diagnosed with ASD, with boys comprising 1.14% of this group. Notably, Australia showed the highest prevalence rate, with an effect size of 2.18, highlighting it as a critical area for public health focus.Conclusion: ASD represents a significant global health burden. Early detection, increased awareness among parents, and prompt intervention are crucial for mitigating developmental problems in children later in life. It is essential for health policymakers to acknowledge the prevalence and growing trends of ASD in order to implement effective interventions.

Background Infants who are not exclusively breastfed are more vulnerable to gastroenteritis, respiratory illness, and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Mothers who do not breastfeed their infants are at a higher risk of cancer. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize evidence regarding the effectiveness of applying lanolin, aloe vera, and peppermint for alleviating nipple pain and nipple trauma among lactating mothers. Methods Electronic databases, including PubMed (MEDLINE), Cochrane, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Clinical Key, were searched for studies published in English from January 2000 to December 2022. Nipple pain and nipple trauma were the primary outcomes analysed, and a meta-analysis was conducted via RevMan v5.4. Results The reviewed trials involved 1,495 participants from 11 studies, with an average participant age of 29 ± 5 years. The application of lanolin significantly reduced nipple pain and nipple trauma in lactating mothers. The application of peppermint significantly reduced nipple trauma in lactating mothers. Conclusion The application of lanolin or peppermint is a beneficial preventive intervention for reducing nipple trauma and pain.

(1) Background: Evidence suggested inconsistent results in anxiety and depression scores among female and male cancer patients. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess how anxiety and depression conditions among cancer patients vary according to sex. (2) Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA). The protocol was registered in PROSPERO with id no. CRD42024512553. The search strategy involved combining keywords using Boolean operators, including “Anxiety”, “Cancer”, and “Depression”, across several databases: Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The outcomes were evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). (3) Results: Data were collected from five studies, enrolling a total of 6317 cancer patients, of whom 2961 were females and 3356 males. For each study, HADS-A and HADS-D scores were considered, also differentiating HADS scores according to cancer typology, and then three different meta-analyses were performed. Generally, females reported significantly higher levels of depression scores than males and, conversely, males reported significantly greater levels of anxiety than females. (4) Conclusions: Previous studies suggested higher rates of depression and anxiety conditions in females than in males, but the present data highlighted controversial findings, since males reported significantly higher levels of anxiety than females. In this scenario, the theoretical approach justified females being more open than males to expressing anxiety or depression conditions. It would be necessary for healthcare professionals to improve effective measures purposed at assessing and mitigating depressive symptoms in cases of advanced cancer, thereby improving their mental health, given the high rates of depression in advanced cancer patients, due to the difficulty level of performing their daily living activities, which deteriorate further over time.

Introduction Robotic surgery, also known as robotic-assisted surgery (RAS), involves a camera and a small surgical instrument attached to a robotic arm. A trained surgeon operates the robot from a viewing screen while being in the same room. Methodology This review was prepared following Cochrane collaboration guidelines and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Two authors independently searched and appraised the studies published in PubMed, cumulative index to nursing and allied health literature (CINAHL), Embase, Clinical Key, and Google Scholar. Pooled data analyzed and reported in RevMan software version—5.4. Results This systematic review and meta-analysis comprised 1400 medical students, from 8 studies. The participants’ age ranged from 23 to 49 years. Similarly, the sample size ranged from 25 and 300. The pooled prevalence of the existing studies revealed that 29.8% of medical students, were favorable towards RAS. Effect size (ES), 95% confidence intervals (CI) and heterogeneity (I²) [ES = 29.8, 95% CI 16.4–43.2, I² = 95.1%, P < 0.00]. About 40% of Australian medical students’ positive opinion on RAS [ES = 40.4, 95% CI 25.7–55.2]. Similarly, 34.2% of students from Saudi Arabia [ES = 29.8, 95% CI 22.4–90.8, I² = 99.3%, P < 0.00], 27.8% students from Canada [ES = 27.8, 95% CI 15.9–39.6], 24.8% from USA [ES = 24.8, 95% CI 6.9–42.7, I² = 77.3%, P < 0.00] and 24% [ES = 24, 95% CI 18–30] from India favorable towards RAS. Discussion Medical students from developed nations display favorable attitudes towards RAS. However, implementing of revised curriculum at the beginning of the graduation level sparks medical students' attitude towards robotic surgery.