Agamali Kulamovich Mamedov

The article analyses the characteristics of the phenomenon of post-truth as a term denoting a radical transformation of the media, that abandoned freedom of speech and objectivity of information in favour of the geopolitical interests of the West, considers the content of the concept of "post-truth" in modern scientific discourse; it is noted that the entry of civilisation into the era of mastering information as a leading source requires the scientific community to comprehend the problems associated with the finiteness of the connection between the semantic volumes of public information and reality, that is reflected in the phenomenon of post-truth. The authors explore the origins of this phenomenon, that fully manifested itself only in the first decades of the 21st century and is associated with the communication "explosion" and the information revolution, that elevated information to the rank of a new global resource. The fragmentation of the perception of reality in the phenomenon of post-truth acts as a means of protecting the human psyche from information overproduction, where information is used as a tool for implementing the geopolitical interests of the collective West, that owns the lion's share of the world media. The authors are not inclined to identify post-truth solely with false information and suggest considering it as the result of practical assimilation and multidirectional understanding by society of the multiplicity of realities naturally inherent in human beings. The article presents ways of conceptual consideration of the phenomenon of post-truth in the framework of correlating various historically significant evolutionary states of an individual, differing in the motivation of communicative activity. Four such states (Homo Mythicus, Homo Ludens, Homo Historicus, Homo Novus) are consistently demonstrated by the conditions of social development, but there is no clear idea to which of these types a person of a particular historical period or socio-political group can be attributed to. Post-truth is considered by the authors as a systemic phenomenon, that is a consequence of the relationship between the elements of three social processes. These include: a) gamification of existence, requiring the individual to participate in everyday experience of the plurality of surrounding realities; b) neuroticisation of social life due to high information pressure; c) the transformation of the media, that is expressed in the increased interdependence of the functions of information, entertainment and ideological influence. The authors propose a method for analysing post-truth addressees through the correlation of historically significant evolutionary states of an individual, that differ in the way of motivating communicative activity.

This article presents the results of designing the structure of the data models necessary for the proper functioning of a database supporting the editorial, proofreading, printing, and publishing activities of an educational organization. The goal of the study is to create a coherent, objective, holistic, and non-redundant data set appropriate to the subject area to support the process of digital transformation of the publishing and publication sphere within an educational organization. The resulting data models reflect the logical structure of databases independent of the choice of a particular database management system. As part of the design, JavaScript Object Notation models and relational data models are developed to create a relational database. The results allow identifying and estimating the resources needed to implement each process, determining all participants affecting the implementation of the relevant processes, and defining the access to resources needed by certain participants in the process.

Актуальность статьи определяется трансформациями, происходящими в социальной реальности и отражающимися в языке в целом и в производстве текстов в частности. Авторы статьи, употребив метафору «смерть текста», рассматривают преобразование и развитие той самой общей концепции (обозначенной термином «коммуникативное намерение»), которая определяет способность к функционированию текстовой деятельности в современных реалиях. В статье ставится задача обосновать, что основными характерными чертами актуальной информации, понимаемой в качестве единицы коммуникации, оказываются ее триггерный (побуждающий) потенциал и умение выполнять роль сетевого контента (ликвидность). В статье рассмотрены различные точки зрения на исследуемое явление и сделаны обоснованные выводы. Авторами на базе серьезного социологического дискурса подчеркивается, что признаки, характерные для текста в его традиционной интерпретации, а именно связность и целостность, т. е. способность демонстрировать качества «системы», постепенно теряют значение в социальных практиках. В результате анализа делается вывод о «конце» привычной для прежней науки трактовки современного текста и текстовой...

The objective of this research was to show how various approaches to understanding the role, place, and mission of the university have been transformed in the historical retrospective and modern society. The methodological basis of the study is classical and modern works of Russian and foreign scientists and specialists, the methods of theoretical generalization and analysis, method of systematization, interdisciplinary and comparative analysis of sociological, philosophical, cultural, and economic works in the field of higher education, and expert assessments and analysis of the secondary data. As a result, main trends in the development of universities and the socio-cultural determinants of the universities' transformation were identified. The erosion of traditional university formats and the transition to digital forms of educational and scientific communication were analyzed. Despite the current socio-cultural transformations and the emergence of new models of the university, the university solves its principal tasks of forming a thinking person and trains high-level specialists. However, these processes force the university to revise the traditional structures and principles of existence, as well as to be more attentive to the process of new knowledge and information increment, so as not to fall into the extremes of staying exclusively in education or science.

Вхождение общества в новый этап развития, метаморфозы современного социогенеза не могли не отразиться на отраслевой структуре социологии. Если еще век назад “информация” истолковывалась словарями просто как “учение”, то уже в конце ХХ в. стало очевидным, что информационно-коммуникационные технологии будут базовым фактором изменений, происходящих в обществе. В постиндустриальном обществе значение информации, благодаря ее тотальности и доступности, возрастает до роли главного экономического ресурса,что определяет вектор основных научных рефлексий.