T. Sudhakar

This research paper, talks about how common mosquito-borne diseases like malaria, dengue, Zika, and chikungunya are, potential health threat, how they can be controlled, and what new trends are coming up in the fight against them. These diseases are spreading to more places, even places where they weren’t common before, because of climate change and more people living in cities. Diseases spread by mosquitoes are still a big health problem, especially in warm and subtropical areas. It’s getting harder to control mosquitoes because the insects that carry diseases are becoming more resistant to poisons and mosquitoes change quickly to fit their new surroundings. In the opening, we talk about some of the most important diseases that are spread by mosquitoes, how they work biologically, and what epidemic trends we’ve seen over the last ten years. This study paper looks at control methods and how well they work in different areas. Using insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), indoor residual spraying (IRS), and genetic editing (Wolbachia and gene-drive technologies) to get rid of mosquitoes and their diseases has varying levels of success. New methods like gene drives have been used in trials from 2023–2024 and have led to up to a 90% drop in mosquito numbers in test areas. The study paper comes to the conclusion that current control measures work in some places, but for long-term success, global teamwork and constant innovation are needed. Also, to deal with the problems caused by climate change and the fact that vectors are becoming resistant to current control methods, vector management will need to be done in a more combined way.