Komolitdin Sultonov

This article compares 10 new lemon hybrids and the Pervents Uzbekistan variety with the Meyer variety for yield. The analyses included the number of fruits per bush, average fruit weight, and total yield (kg/tree and c/ha). The results revealed significant differences between the studied variants. Most hybrids had yields lower than the control. However, hybrid #1-11-5 demonstrated absolute superiority with a yield of 150.4 c/ha, which is 2.6 times higher than the control (57.0 c/ha). The main reason for this was the extremely large size of its fruits (186 g). Hybrid #1-11-5 has high potential for use in breeding and commercialization.

Periods of transition between phenological phases in different kiwi plant varieties: one of the most widely grown fruits today, kiwis are grown extensively in many subtropical and temperate nations. Kiwi farming has recently piqued the curiosity of many fruit producers and landowners in our nation. In order to study the morpho-biological traits of the growth and development of these fruit plant varieties in the soil and climate conditions of Uzbekistan and to scientifically support the possibilities of establishing industrial kiwi gardens on this basis, it is necessary to conduct special scientific research on this plant. In the article, the duration of phenological phases of Kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa (A.Chev.)) varieties Hayward, Monty, Bruno, and pollinator Matua were observed in the climatic conditions of Tashkent region at the Extension center of Tashkent State Agrarian University in Uzbekistan. The sum of active temperatures above 10 °C was calculated for the growth phases of kiwifruit cultivars.

Water deficiency restricts plant productivity, while excessive soil moisture may also have an adverse impact. In light of this background, field trials were conducted in secondary saline soil (EC 6.5 dS m⁻¹) at the experimental station of Tashkent State Agrarian University (TSAU), Uzbekistan to determine drought tolerance of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) by exposure to four levels of water deficit, namely control (70–80%), moderate (50–60%), strong (30–40%) and intense (10–20%) relative water content (WC) in the soil. The moderate drought stress exhibited positive effects on the morphological and physiological parameters of licorice, and was considered to be the most suitable water regime for licorice cultivation. Plant growth under the 50–60% WC treatment was slightly higher as compared to 70–80% WC treatment, exhibiting weak water deficit promotes licorice growth, root yield and secondary metabolite production. In particular, secondary metabolites i.e., ash, glycyrrhizic acid, extractive compounds and flavonoids, tended to increase under moderate water deficit, however further drought intensification brought a sharp decline of these values. These results contribute to the development of licorice cultivation technologies in arid regions and the most important consideration is the restoration of ecological and economical functions of the dryland agricultural system.