Lucia Paulovičová

Immunobiological activity of selected decyl and (thio)dodecyl hexopyranosides based on d‐glucose, d‐galactose, N‐acetyl d‐glucosamine and d‐mannose and their effect on leukemia cell lines L1210 and HL‐60 and Candida‘s biofilm were studied. Alkyl d‐glucosides and d‐galactosides showed mainly similar antiproliferative properties on leukemia cell lines, while N‐acetyl d‐glucosaminides revealed diverse properties with lower efficacy. Also, the cytokine response of RAW 264.7 macrophages was significantly influenced by the type of sugar moiety and (thio)alkyl chain length. Contrary to the proliferation results, d‐glucosides and d‐galactosides did not reveal so evident similarities in induction of cytokines. The C. albicans biofilm treatment with the (thio)alkyl glycosides resulted in a significant reduction of Candida cell proliferation resembling the structure and concentration differences of glycosides. The activity of tested derivatives (GalOC12 > GlcOC12 ≈ ManOC12 > GlcNAcOC12) against the C. albicans azole‐sensitive clinical strain biofilm differ from the efficacy against C. albicans multiazole‐resistant clinical strain biofilm (GlcOC12 > ManOC12 ≈ GalOC12 > GlcNAcOC12). The obtained data clearly demonstrated that the structure of saccharide unit caused different bioimmunological behaviour of such glycosides regardless of the same aglycone length.

Poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) (PIPOx) represents a functional polymer with high potential for drug delivery, tissue engineering, and immunomodulation. The immunomodulatory efficiency of the PIPOx formulation has been studied in vitro following splenic cells and RAW 264.7 macrophages exposition. The cell-specific immunomodulative effect on production of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg signature cytokines has been demonstrated. The impact on the functionality of PIPOx-sensitized RAW 264.7 macrophages was assessed by cell phagocytosis. Time- and concentration-dependent cell internalization and intracellular organelles colocalization of fluorescently labeled PIPOx has been examined. The in vitro results demonstrated the PIPOx bioavailability and the capability of triggering immune cell responses resulting in the induced production of cell-specific signature interleukins, important prerequisite properties for future potential biomedical applications.