Gafour Khairley

Purpose of Review: Researchers have examined how telemedicine affects endourological patients. This review analyzes the literature to determine telemedicine's benefits and limitations in endourology. Recent Findings: Many studies were devoted to describing the effect of telemedicine on endourological patient satisfaction, optimization of the clinical decision-making among patients with kidney and ureteric stones, the effectiveness of telemedicine in the management of patients with indications for PCNL, follow-up for patients with urolithiasis and describing financial effectiveness for the patients after BOO surgery. The authors describe phone calls, video calls, and online booking platforms as used as telemedicine technology. However, several concerns also exist, such as the necessity of internet connections and appropriate devices, different receptivity among certain subgroups, data safety, and different regulatory environments among countries. Summary: Telemedicine offers the potential to reduce patient travel time, expedite decision-making, and save costs in endourology. However, its everyday implementation is challenging due to various obstacles faced by patients and providers, hindering the realization of its full potential and necessitating a systematic approach to problem-solving.

Urethral stricture is a common condition characterized by the narrowing of the urethra, leading to difficulty in urination. This article presents a case report of a 47-yearold male with urethral stricture following a pelvic fracture. The patient presented with urinary retention and a history of traumatic injury. Diagnostic imaging revealed a 2.0-2.2 cm stricture in the membranous urethra. Surgical intervention, including optical laser urethrotomy and silicone urethral catheter placement, was performed successfully. Postoperative management included antibacterial and anti-inflammatory therapy, leading to the restoration of independent urination. Urodynamic examination confirmed the successful outcome of the surgery. This case demonstrates that endoscopic surgery for urethral strictures can have a favorable prognosis. However, due to the potential for recurrence, ongoing outpatient care and monitoring by a urologist are essential for these patients.

This article is devoted to the description of the clinical picture, methods of laboratory and instrumental diagnostics, the choice of surgical treatment and postoperative rehabilitation of a patient with a rare urological pathology - ureterocele in combination with urolithiasis in a pregnant woman.

The purpose of this review is to analyze the trend in miniaturization of flexible ureteroscopes over the past decades, identify the advantages and disadvantages, and determine the correlation of individual parameters with release period. Flexible ureteroscopes mentioned in the literature or those commercially available were searched. To minimize the search bias, the instruments were grouped by release date time periods of < 2000 year, 2000–2009, 2010–2019, and 2020 onwards. The final review included only those instrument models for which data on tip size, overall shaft, working length and channel size had been determined. The correlation among features investigated as well as with release period was also determined. 59 models of flexible ureteroscopes (26 fiber optic and 33 digital scopes) were included. Among the different features investigated among fiber optic endoscopes, only the sizes of the distal tip and overall shaft positively correlated with each other. In contrast to their fiber optic counterparts, a strong positive correlation was observed between tip and channel sizes, whereas negative correlation was found between channel size and overall shaft size and working length of digital scopes. Only distal tip of fiber optic flexible ureteroscopes and overall shaft of digital endoscopes were significantly reduced over their evolution. With the development of technology, there has been an improvement of flexible ureteroscopes and one of the indicators of this trend is a decrease in their size. With a definite trend towards miniaturization over the past decades, a significant correlation was observed in tip size and overall shaft for fiber optic and digital endoscopes, respectively.

Parameatal cysts are very rare in clinical practice due to their asymptomatic course. This article presents one such case. A 25-year-old male patient with a formed spherical cystic tumor measuring 0.7 cm in the area of the external opening of the urethra. Total resection of the cystic formation, suturing of the resulting imperfections was carried out. According to the results of histology, the cyst is formed by a flat and cylindrical epithelium. After 3 months of follow-up, good results were established without relapse and cosmetic appearance.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore further a new minimally invasive method in order to expand the surgical options for treating patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia as well as to evaluate the efficacy and safety of endovascular superselective embolization of prostatic arteries in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Material and methods: The study group included 43 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, aged 56 to 90 years. The study carried out in the period from February to December 2019. All patients were determined by the level of prostate-specific antigen, ultrasound scan of the prostate and bladder, uroflowmetry, and used IPSS questionnaire. The physical condition of patients was assessed using the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification. Results: The technical success of the operation in the form of bilateral embolization of prostatic arteries was achieved in 29 (67.5%) patients. Unolateral embolization of prostatic arteries, due to the complex anatomical structure or atherosclerotic changes, were performed in 14 (32.5%) patients. The observation period was from 3 to 6 months. According to uroflowmetry, the maximum urination rate the average value was 8.5 ± 2.75 ml/s. Six months after the operation the maximum volumetric urine flow rate during urination was on average 24.5 ± 4.20 ml/s. Conclusion: Our results allow us to evaluate endovascular superselective embolization of prostatic arteries as an effective and safe method of treating lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia, and can be introduced as a new promising and minimally invasive method for treating.