Muhammed Lamin Sambou

Background The determinants of chronic diseases are complex, and we demonstrated how lifestyle-related factors interact with physiological factors to influence the risk of healthspan termination (HST). Methods This prospective cohort study include 217,412 UK Biobank participants aged 37 to 73. Multivariate-adjusted Cox regression models assessed individual associations between physiological and lifestyle-related factors with HST. Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression models examined the relative importance of each risk factor and their cumulative effects on HST. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was conducted to clarify pathways linking lifestyle, physiological factors, and HST. Results We observed statistically significant associations between lifestyle-related and physiological factors with HST. WQS models also indicates that unhealthy lifestyle (OR = 2.77; 95% CI: 2.65–2.89; P < 0.01) and physiological factors (OR = 3.27; 95% CI: 3.06–3.50; P < 0.01) substantially increased risk of HST. Path analysis revealed that healthspan was positively correlated with biomarker (r = 0.03; P < 0.01), sleep behavior (r = 0.14; P < 0.01), and lifestyle (r = 0.16; P < 0.01), but negatively correlated with mental health (r = -0.13; P < 0.01). Conclusion Lifestyle-related factors interact with physiological factors through multiple pathways, influencing the risk of a shortened healthspan.

Aim: To elucidate the epigenetic consequences of DNA methylation in healthspan termination (HST), considering the current limited understanding. Materials & methods: Genetically predicted DNA methy... Tweetable abstract The concept of the ‘healthspan’, the time an individual remains morbidity-free, requires more attention. Poly-methylation risk scores have a promising application in discriminati...

Background and Objectives: Job burnout is prevalent among primary care providers (PCPs) in different countries, and the factors that can alleviate burnout in these countries have been explored. However, no study has addressed the prevalence and the correlates of job burnout among Togolese PCPs. Therefore, we aimed to examine the prevalence of burnout and its association with social support and psychological capital among PCPs in Togo. Material and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in Togo from 5 to 17 November 2020 among 279 PCPs of 28 peripheral care units (PCUs). Participants completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Job Content Questionnaire, and Psychological Capital Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis H test, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression. Results: We received 279 responses, out of which 37.28% experienced a high level of emotional exhaustion (EE), 13.62% had a high level of depersonalization (DP), and 19.71% experienced low levels of personal accomplishment (PA). EE had a significant negative correlation with the supervisor’s support. In contrast, self-efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience had a significant negative correlation with DP and a significant positive correlation with PA. Furthermore, supervisors’ support significantly predicted lower levels of EE. Optimism significantly predicted lower levels of DP and higher levels of PA. Conclusions: Burnout is common among Togolese PCPs, and self-efficacy, optimism, and supervisors’ support significantly contribute to low levels of job burnout among Togolese PCPs. This study provided insight into intervention programs to prevent burnout among PCPs in Togo.

Objective: To examine the major determinants of VCT service uptake among adults in SSA.Methods: Electronic databases were searched to identify eligible English language publications. Reporting of the study selection procedure was done according to PRISMA and the selected articles were also critically appraised.Results: We found 8 significant determinants of VCT uptake among adults in SSA, such as less physical access [OR (Odds ratio): 0.77 (95% CI (Confidence interval): 0.62–0.96), p < 0.01], older age [OR: 1.36 (95% CI: 1.08–1.73), p < 0.01], higher education level [OR: 1.60 (95% CI: 1.24–2.05), p < 0.01], high knowledge of HIV and VCT awareness [OR: 1.40 (95% CI: 1.03–1.90), p < 0.01], unprotected sexual practices [OR: 1.75 (95% CI: 1.18–2.58), p < 0.01], discussion on HIV among partners and others [OR: 1.76 (95% CI: 1.10–2.81), p < 0.01], other STIs [OR: 1.40 (95% CI: 1.00–1.98), p < 0.01], and divorced/separated [OR: 1.39 (95% CI: 1.12–1.72), p < 0.01].Conclusion: This study showed that 8 determinants were significantly associated with VCT service uptake in SSA. Thus, HIV interventions and policy initiatives should be tailored to these determinants to ensure scale-up of VCT service uptake in SSA.

Background: Previous studies have suggested associations between testosterone, genetic factors, and a series of complex diseases, but the associations with the lifespan phenotype, such as health span, remain unclear.Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we analyzed 145,481 men and 147,733 women aged 38–73 years old from UK Biobank (UKB) to investigate the sex-specific associations of total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), or polygenic risk score (PRS) with health span termination (HST) risk. At baseline, serum testosterone levels were measured. HST was defined by eight events strongly associated with longevity. PRS, an efficient tool combining the effect of common genetic variants to discriminate genetic risk of complex phenotypes, was constructed by 12 single-nucleotide polymorphisms related to health span from UKB (P ≤ 5.0 × 10⁻⁸). We used multivariable Cox regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: With a median follow-up time of 7.70 years, 26,748 (18.39%) men and 18,963 (12.84%) women had HST. TT was negatively associated with HST in men [HR per standard deviation (SD) increment of log-TT: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.88–0.97]. Inversely, both TT (HR per SD increment of log-TT: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02–1.08) and FT (HR per SD increment of log-FT: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.05–1.11) presented an increased risk of HST in women. PRS was positively associated with HST risk (quintile 5 versus quintile 1, men, HR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.15–1.24; women, HR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.16–1.27). Moreover, men with high TT and low genetic risk showed the lowest HST risk (HR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.73–0.88), whereas HST risk for women with both high TT and genetic risk increased obviously (HR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.19–1.46). Similar joint effects were observed for FT in both genders.Conclusions: We observed sex-specific associations that testosterone was negatively associated with HST risk in men and positively associated with HST risk in women. Genetic factors increased the HST risk, suggesting that participants with both high genetic risk and abnormal testosterone levels (high level in women or low level in men) should be the target for early intervention. Although our findings highlight the associations between testosterone and health span, further mechanistic studies and prospective trials are warranted to explore the causation behind.

Objectives: To examine the associations between insomnia, napping, daytime sleepiness, and getting up from bed with the risk of health lifespan termination using a prospective cohort design based on the UK-Biobank (UKB) database. Methods: Our study population consisted of 323,373 UKB participants enrolled in the UKB study from 2006 to 2010 and followed up to 2016. The outcome variable was health lifespan that was characterized by eight events strongly associated with ageing. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for risk of terminated health lifespan were computed in Cox proportional hazards models. Furthermore, we collapsed each of the four sleep behavior factors into binary categories (high vs. low-risk groups) to explore the Population Attributable Risk percentages (PAR%).Results: Participants in the high-risk subgroups of the four sleep behaviors had a significantly higher risk of terminated health lifespan; that is, 'usually insomnia' (HR=1.05, 95% CI: 1.03-1.07; PPPPConclusion: We observed that frequent insomnia, napping, daytime sleepiness, and 'difficult getting up from bed' are associated with increased risk of terminated health lifespan. Therefore adherence to healthy sleep behavior is significant for healthy lifespan.