Andrea Catalina Ochoa Bravo

Introduction: Selfitis is conceptualized as an obsessive-compulsive urge to take selfies and post them on social media. Aim: To map the scientific evidence on selfitis in medical students, describing its characteristics, associated factors, and implications for mental health and academic performance. Methodology: A scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Results: The study identified that selfitis is associated with low self-esteem, anxiety about appearance, narcissism, and the search for social validation through the compulsive use of social media. Conclusion: Selfitis in medical students is a worrying psychological and academic phenomenon because it is linked to behavioral and emotional factors that affect mental health and academic performance.

Introducción: La hipertrigliceridemia se considera una de las causas de pancreatitis aguda, su incidencia ha aumentado principalmente en Asia en los últimos años, siendo una enfermedad muy relacionada con la pancreatitis aguda. La prevalencia de pancreatitis inducida por hipertrigliceridemia ha sido reportada en un 7 % hasta un 14 % de los casos. Objetivo general: Analizar el uso de insulina vs heparina en el tratamiento de la pancreatitis aguda secundaria a hipertrigliceridemia. Métodos: Revisión sistemática con el uso de bases de datos PubMed Central, Elsevier, Scopus, Web of Science. Se incluyeron artículos científicos publicados durante el período 2018-2023 en español e inglés, e indexados en Journal Citation Reports y/o Scimago Journal & Country Rank (cuartiles 1 al 4). Resultados: Para el tratamiento de la pancreatitis inducida por hipertrigliceridemia se ha demostrado que la insulina y la heparina son eficaces en reducir los niveles séricos de TG. Sin embargo, se debe tener precaución con la heparina, ya que con la depleción de LPL puede haber efectos potencialmente adversos, además del riesgo de sangrado. Conclusiones: Los pacientes con pancreatitis inducida por hipertrigliceridemia tienden a tener un curso más severo de la enfermedad, por lo que el soporte inicial y la cantidad adecuada de líquidos en la reanimación deben comenzar de inmediato. Se ha demostrado que la insulina y la heparina son eficaces para reducir los niveles séricos de triglicéridos.

Resumen Resumen. El síndrome de Dravet es una encefalopatía epiléptica severa de muy poca incidencia (1 por cada 20.00040.000), es catalogada como rara y de poco conocimiento y sospecha médica, por tal razón dificulta su diagnóstico. Se trata de una alteración en el gen SCN1A, principal codificador de la subunidad alfa 1 del canal de sodio. Presentación del caso: Paciente femenino de 6 meses de vida, nacimiento por cesárea, embarazo de curso normal, sin complicaciones, madre con antecedente de un aborto previo, sin antecedentes familiares de importancia y desarrollo motriz acorde con la edad. Acude a urgencia por presentar alza térmica no cuantificada y crisis convulsiva, que se presenta posteriormente a la tercera dosis de vacuna pentavalente correspondiente a la edad, no siendo este factor desencadenante de la crisis. Al tener episodios muy frecuentes y no obtener un control adecuado, se realizan varias pruebas diagnósticas incluyendo estudios genéticos de WES para llegar a un tratamiento acorde a un diagnóstico específico, por esta los padres de la menor deciden acudir a países de tecnología para realizar este tipo de diagnósticos. La relevancia del caso radica en demostrar que el síndrome de Dravet es una enfermedad subdiagnosticada y tratada de manera inadecuada; sin embargo, en la actualidad el uso de herramientas, especialmente métodos genéticos y un control temprano evita a que los pacientes presenten varios episodios a repetición y mejores su calidad de vida. Palabras clave: Síndrome de Dravet, Epilepsia, Convulsiones, SCN1A

La obesidad es considerada un problema de salud pública de nivel pandémico, caracterizada por incremento en la ingesta de alimentos ricos en energía, la falta de actividad física y la suma de factores como la falta de sueño, entre otros. En esta investigación se planteó como objetivo determinar la relación que existe entre la obesidad y la calidad de sueño en los profesionales de la salud del Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, Ecuador. Se realizó un estudio analítico, de corte transversal. La muestra, seleccionada de forma aleatoria, estuvo constituida por 202 profesionales de salud que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. La información fue tabulada y procesada mediante el programa IBM SPSS V15 e interpretada en tablas según las variables presentadas. De los profesionales de la salud encuestados, el 47% presenta sobrepeso, 6,9% obesidad grado I y el 1,5% obesidad grado II; de estos 71,3% presentan problemas en cuanto a su calidad de sueño. Comparado con el IMC, 112 de los encuestados presentaron sobrepeso y obesidad de los cuales 56,9% presentó calidad de sueño alterada (p >0.005 e IR 1.234) lo que demuestra el riesgo existente para padecer obesidad.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) is a disease of great health and socioeconomic impact. Cardiovascular complications are the main cause of death in diabetic patients, for this reason the application of prevention strategies is important. The aim of the research was to determine the cardiovascular risk according to UKPDS Score in patients diagnosed with DM2, treated at Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca-Ecuador, from November 2918 to August 2019. METHODS:A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 118 patients diagnosed with DM2, treated at Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, between November 2018 and August 2019. Clinical records were reviewed, information was collected on a form with all the variables of the UKPDS Score. Cardiovascular Risk Estimation (RCV) was carried out with the Risk Engine Calculator version 2.0 of the UKPDS Score. RESULTS: The female sex predominated in the study population. The age range went from 32 to 95 years old, the most frequent range of age was 55 to 59 years old (16.1%). The disease duration in 40% of the population was higher than 10 years. 42.4 %(n=50) presented SBP values ≥130mmHg. 75.4% of the sample had poor glycemic control, with glycosylated hemog-lobin levels higher than the normal range for each age group. The estimated 5-year CVR was low for most of the sample; while the 10 year CVR increased, especially for non-fatal CVD(high risk:21.25%) and for fatal (6.8%) and non-fatal(6.8%) AMI. CONCLUSION:Most of the patients had more than 10 years with DMII diagnosis. More than half of the sample had inadequate glycemic control. The CVR at 5 years was “low” for the majority of the population, both for AMI and CVD. The cardiovascular risk at 10 years was slightly higher for all entities, especially it increases for non-fatal CVD, to a “very high risk” of 21.2%, and the risk of AMI also increases to a “very high risk” of 6.8%. KEYWORDS: TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, CEREBROVASCULAR STROKE

BACKGROUND: Hypertensive crisis is considered an acute complication of Hypertension, causing 9.4 million deaths annually. Another important problem is the resulting morbidity. Locally, data is limited, that is the importance of presenting the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of hypertensive crisis. The aim of this study was characterizing hypertensive crisis in adults, in Hospital José Félix Valdivieso, Santa Isabel, from January 2016 to December 2018. METHODS: Descriptive, cross-sectional study, the study universe were 151 patients diagnosed with hypertensive crisis in Hospital José Félix Valdivieso from January 2016 to December 2018, by simple random sampling we picked 122 patients. The information was obtained from the patient’s medical chart. The data was processed using Excel 2016, and later interpreted using tables and charts. RESULTS: 57% of the sample were female, 49% had between 40 to 65 years of age, 67% had primary education, 65% came from rural areas. About risk factors; 50% of the population was overweight, 70% had previous diagnosis of hypertension. About the type of hypertensive crisis; 93% were hypertensive urgencies, the most commonly affected organ in hypertensive emergencies was the brain, in 89% of the cases. Headache, was the most frequent symptom(59%), followed by neurological symptoms. Captopril was used as initial treatment in 61% of the cases. CONCLUSION: The majority of affected patients were female, middle aged adults. Most of the sample had overweight or obesity. 70% of the population had previous diagnosis of hypertension, of this patients only 80% had hypertensive treatment. Most of the crisis were hypertensive urgencies, in hypertensive emergencies the most commonly affect organ was the brain. Captopril was used in most of the cases for initial treatment. This study didn’t registered any deaths.