Mengmeng Zhang

Amorphous materials feature unique structures and physicochemical properties, resulting in their synthesis and applications becoming a dynamic and fascinating new research direction. The high specific surface area, abundant active sites, and good electron transport properties endow amorphous materials with excellent electrocatalytic properties, thus appealing to increasing attention. Based on this, the summary of the current research status of amorphous catalysts in the field of electrocatalysis is urgent and important. In this review, the research progress of amorphous catalysts in electrocatalysis is systematically introduced, focusing on the classification, synthesis methods, modification strategies, characterizations, and electrocatalytic application (including hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, carbon dioxide reduction reaction, and nitrogen reduction reaction). Finally, this review proposes the prospects and challenges for the future development of high-active and high-selectivity amorphous electrocatalysts.

摘要: 高熵合金表现出良好潜在的电催化水分解性能，但其受到制备过程中高能耗的限制。此外，复杂的原子分布使高熵合金的电子结构调控仍然具有很大的挑战性。本文采用高能球磨结合去合金化方法制备了纳米多孔NiCuMnCoFe高熵合金。Fe的引入显著提高了Ni ³⁺ 和Co ³⁺ 的比例。大量高价态Ni和Co原子有利于在析氧反应过程中形成关键的活性中间体，并赋予纳米多孔NiCuMnCoFe高熵合金283 mV的低过电位和81.09 mV·dec ^‐1 的优异Tafel斜率（10 mA·cm ^‐2 ）。同时，纳米多孔NiCuMnCoFe高熵合金表现出优异的耐久性，其活性优于大多数其他报道的高熵合金类催化剂。优化的d带中心决定了纳米多孔NiCuMnCoFe高熵合金中Fe、Co和Ni位点中间体的吸附和解吸之间的平衡，并确定了析氧反应的决速步是O ₂ 形成步骤。这项工作为调控高熵合金的元素价态并实现高效电催化水分解铺平道路。

Based on the current construction progress of each floor of the building, under the action of continuous construction load, the concrete strength at this time is only about 80% of that at the same age without load. It is suggested that when the test block maintained under the same conditions reaches 85% of the design strength, the whole structure is not easy to crack, which is not safe.