Maria Szola
Current Organizations / Institutes
The organizations/institutes from the scholar's latest article
Previous Organizations / Institutes
The organizations / institutes from the scholar's other articles in the past ten years
Maria Szola has a total of 61 co-authors. Here are the top co-authors by number of shared publications:
- Jerzy Lusakowski
University of Warsaw
5 shared publications - Dmitriy Yavorskiy
Institute of High Pressure Physics
4 shared publications - Jerzy Wrobel
Institute of Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Aleja Lotników 32/46, PL-02-668 Warsaw, Poland
4 shared publications - Thomasz Wojtowicz
Polish Academy of Sciences
3 shared publications D. Yavorskiy
Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, L. Pasteura 5, PL-02093 Warsaw, Poland
2 shared publications- Frederic Teppe
Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C)
2 shared publications
Latest Publications
- 8 April 2026
- Published by Agence Bibliographique de l'Enseignement Supérieur
THz Spectroscopy of Dirac matter
Spectroscopie THz de la matière de Dirac: Cette thèse de doctorat se concentre sur l'étude des matériaux en vrac (3D) avec une structure de bande d'énergie fortement non-parabolique/linéaire (Dirac) et explore la validité des modèles relativistes dans la description des systèmes de matière condensée. Les trois premiers chapitres donnent une base générale aux techniques théoriques et expérimentales utilisées pour la réalisation des études. Les nouveaux résultats originaux sont présentés dans les trois derniers chapitres.Le premier chapitre fournit une exploration complète des principes topologiques fondamentaux en physique de la matière condensée, y compris le concept de topologie et diverses classes topologiques de matériaux tels que les isolants topologiques, les semi-métaux de Weyl et les semi-métaux de Dirac.Il met l'accent sur la caractérisation de la topologie des matériaux et sur la façon dont elle influence les propriétés électroniques, tout en considérant également le rôle des symétries cristallines dans la détermination des propriétés topologiques.Le deuxième chapitre se penche sur le comportement de la matière à l'état solide en présence d'un champ magnétique externe, en se concentrant spécifiquement sur la réponse optique, les transitions optiques dans les solides cristallins et la formation des niveaux de Landau. Il examine comment la structure du niveau de Landau affecte la réponse optique, en mettant particulièrement l'accent sur les spectres d'absorption et de réflexion.Le troisième chapitre présente les techniques expérimentales utilisées dans cette étude. La spectroscopie THz, y compris les expériences de magnéto-transmission utilisant des lasers moléculaires dans l'infrarouge lointain et la spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Fourier avec un interféromètre de Michelson sont discutées.Le quatrième chapitre présente les résultats de l'analyse par spectroscopie magnéto-optique THz de films de Hg1-xCdxTe sous pression hydrostatique, en se concentrant sur les échantillons proches des valeurs critiques de x qui subissent une transition de phase topologique d'un semi-métal à un semiconducteur. En utilisant un modèle de Kane simplifié avec deux paramètres libres, l'étude détermine les potentiels de déformation hydrostatique ac-av à 4 K. En mesurant les valeurs négatives et positives de la bande interdite, l'analyse révèle le comportement des films semi-métalliques et semiconducteurs, respectivement. L'étude déduit le potentiel de déformation ac-av à basse températurepour n'importe quelle valeur de x par extrapolation linéaire basée sur les valeurs rapportées pour le CdTe, éliminant ainsi la nécessité de calculer la structure de bande pour les super-réseaux HgTe/HgCdTe.Le cinquième chapitre explore la transition de phase topologique dans le (Cd1-xZnx)3As2, un système basé sur le Cd3As2 avec une teneur en Zn variant de 1 à 22%. Les études magnéto-optiques démontrent le comportement attendu d'une transition de phase topologique quantique en observant l'évolution de la bande interdite.Le sixième chapitre étudie les propriétés d'un nouveau semi-métal de Weyl combiné, le Nb1-xTaxAs.Ce matériau présente des caractéristiques de la théorie de Weyl et combine des éléments du NbAs et du TaAs, qui sont des semimétaux de Weyl de type I bien connus. Grâce à la magnéto-réflectivité et à l'analyse de la structure des bandes, ce chapitre confirme la découverte de ce matériau révolutionnaire, le Nb1-xTaxAs, en apportant la preuve de la validité de la théorie de Weyl et en présentant des lignes de dispersion vers le bas similaires à celles observées dans le TaP.
- 8 April 2026
- Published by Agence Bibliographique de l'Enseignement Supérieur
THz Spectroscopy of Dirac matter
Spectroscopie THz de la matière de Dirac: Cette thèse de doctorat se concentre sur l'étude des matériaux en vrac (3D) avec une structure de bande d'énergie fortement non-parabolique/linéaire (Dirac) et explore la validité des modèles relativistes dans la description des systèmes de matière condensée. Les trois premiers chapitres donnent une base générale aux techniques théoriques et expérimentales utilisées pour la réalisation des études. Les nouveaux résultats originaux sont présentés dans les trois derniers chapitres.Le premier chapitre fournit une exploration complète des principes topologiques fondamentaux en physique de la matière condensée, y compris le concept de topologie et diverses classes topologiques de matériaux tels que les isolants topologiques, les semi-métaux de Weyl et les semi-métaux de Dirac.Il met l'accent sur la caractérisation de la topologie des matériaux et sur la façon dont elle influence les propriétés électroniques, tout en considérant également le rôle des symétries cristallines dans la détermination des propriétés topologiques.Le deuxième chapitre se penche sur le comportement de la matière à l'état solide en présence d'un champ magnétique externe, en se concentrant spécifiquement sur la réponse optique, les transitions optiques dans les solides cristallins et la formation des niveaux de Landau. Il examine comment la structure du niveau de Landau affecte la réponse optique, en mettant particulièrement l'accent sur les spectres d'absorption et de réflexion.Le troisième chapitre présente les techniques expérimentales utilisées dans cette étude. La spectroscopie THz, y compris les expériences de magnéto-transmission utilisant des lasers moléculaires dans l'infrarouge lointain et la spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Fourier avec un interféromètre de Michelson sont discutées.Le quatrième chapitre présente les résultats de l'analyse par spectroscopie magnéto-optique THz de films de Hg1-xCdxTe sous pression hydrostatique, en se concentrant sur les échantillons proches des valeurs critiques de x qui subissent une transition de phase topologique d'un semi-métal à un semiconducteur. En utilisant un modèle de Kane simplifié avec deux paramètres libres, l'étude détermine les potentiels de déformation hydrostatique ac-av à 4 K. En mesurant les valeurs négatives et positives de la bande interdite, l'analyse révèle le comportement des films semi-métalliques et semiconducteurs, respectivement. L'étude déduit le potentiel de déformation ac-av à basse températurepour n'importe quelle valeur de x par extrapolation linéaire basée sur les valeurs rapportées pour le CdTe, éliminant ainsi la nécessité de calculer la structure de bande pour les super-réseaux HgTe/HgCdTe.Le cinquième chapitre explore la transition de phase topologique dans le (Cd1-xZnx)3As2, un système basé sur le Cd3As2 avec une teneur en Zn variant de 1 à 22%. Les études magnéto-optiques démontrent le comportement attendu d'une transition de phase topologique quantique en observant l'évolution de la bande interdite.Le sixième chapitre étudie les propriétés d'un nouveau semi-métal de Weyl combiné, le Nb1-xTaxAs.Ce matériau présente des caractéristiques de la théorie de Weyl et combine des éléments du NbAs et du TaAs, qui sont des semimétaux de Weyl de type I bien connus. Grâce à la magnéto-réflectivité et à l'analyse de la structure des bandes, ce chapitre confirme la découverte de ce matériau révolutionnaire, le Nb1-xTaxAs, en apportant la preuve de la validité de la théorie de Weyl et en présentant des lignes de dispersion vers le bas similaires à celles observées dans le TaP.
- Open Access
- 1 November 2023
- Published by AIP Publishing in APL Photonics
- Vol. 8 (11)
Gate tunable terahertz cyclotron emission from two-dimensional Dirac fermions
Two-dimensional Dirac fermions in HgTe quantum wells close to the topological phase transition can generate significant cyclotron emission that is magnetic field tunable in the terahertz frequency range. Due to their relativistic-like dynamics, their cyclotron mass is strongly dependent on their electron concentration in the quantum well, providing a second tunability lever and paving the way for a gate-tunable, permanent-magnet Landau laser. In this work, we demonstrate the proof-of-concept of such a back-gate tunable THz cyclotron emitter at a fixed magnetic field. The emission frequency detected at 1.5 T is centered at 2.2 THz and can already be electrically tuned over 250 GHz. With an optimized gate and a realistic permanent magnet of 1.0 T, we estimate that the cyclotron emission could be continuously and rapidly tunable by the gate bias between 1 and 3 THz, that is to say on the less covered part of the THz gap.
- 1 November 2023
- Published by AIP Publishing in APL Photonics
- Vol. 8 (11)
Open AccessGate tunable terahertz cyclotron emission from two-dimensional Dirac fermions
Two-dimensional Dirac fermions in HgTe quantum wells close to the topological phase transition can generate significant cyclotron emission that is magnetic field tunable in the terahertz frequency range. Due to their relativistic-like dynamics, their cyclotron mass is strongly dependent on their electron concentration in the quantum well, providing a second tunability lever and paving the way for a gate-tunable, permanent-magnet Landau laser. In this work, we demonstrate the proof-of-concept of such a back-gate tunable THz cyclotron emitter at a fixed magnetic field. The emission frequency detected at 1.5 T is centered at 2.2 THz and can already be electrically tuned over 250 GHz. With an optimized gate and a realistic permanent magnet of 1.0 T, we estimate that the cyclotron emission could be continuously and rapidly tunable by the gate bias between 1 and 3 THz, that is to say on the less covered part of the THz gap.
- 10 November 2022
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review B
- Vol. 106 (19) , 195202
Hydrostatic deformation potentials of narrow-gap HgCdTe
Close to the semimetal-to-semiconductor topological phase transition, the band structure of HgCdTe is represented by massive Kane fermions that, in a semirelativistic approach, are characterized by two parameters: rest mass and velocity. Using terahertz magneto-optical spectroscopy, we explore the band structure evolution of HgCdTe films with hydrostatic pressure in the vicinity of the band-gap collapse. By analyzing the energies of interband optical transitions as a function of magnetic field, we have determined the rest mass of Kane fermions at different hydrostatic pressures. The pressure dependence of the rest mass allows us to obtain the hydrostatic deformation potential at low temperature, where and are the deformation potentials of the conduction and valence bands, respectively.- 10 November 2022
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review B
- Vol. 106 (19) , 195202
Hydrostatic deformation potentials of narrow-gap HgCdTe
Close to the semimetal-to-semiconductor topological phase transition, the band structure of HgCdTe is represented by massive Kane fermions that, in a semirelativistic approach, are characterized by two parameters: rest mass and velocity. Using terahertz magneto-optical spectroscopy, we explore the band structure evolution of HgCdTe films with hydrostatic pressure in the vicinity of the band-gap collapse. By analyzing the energies of interband optical transitions as a function of magnetic field, we have determined the rest mass of Kane fermions at different hydrostatic pressures. The pressure dependence of the rest mass allows us to obtain the hydrostatic deformation potential at low temperature, where and are the deformation potentials of the conduction and valence bands, respectively.- 1 October 2021
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review Applied
- Vol. 16 (4) , 044001
Terahertz Sources Based on Emission from a /(,) Heterostructure at Cryogenic TemperaturesA high-electron-mobility heterostructure is processed by electron-beam lithography to fabricate samples with a separation of the current-supplying Ohmic contacts of between and 1.3 mm. Voltage pulses of 20-ms duration, with a 4% filling factor and an amplitude up to 30 V, stimulate terahertz emission from samples cooled to 4 K. The radiation spectrum, centered at about 390 GHz (about 1.6 meV), registered with a Fabry-Perot interferometer, shows almost no dependence on the applied voltage or on the shape of the sample. The emission appears in a threshold manner and is accompanied by a jump of current by more than 2 orders of magnitude. The energy of the emitted photons is about three times smaller than in the case of any previously reported impurity-related emission from either bulk or -based quantum wells. The emission is interpreted as resulting from a two-step ionization-recombination process involving shallow donors in the (,) barrier, which create bound states of electrons in the quantum well. Thus, the frequency of emission is argued to be tuned by the width of the spacer layer. We present these as small convenient sources that can be used for calibration and check-up operation of cooled bolometric systems used in astronomical observations.- 1 October 2021
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review Applied
- Vol. 16 (4) , 044001
Terahertz Sources Based on Emission from a /(,) Heterostructure at Cryogenic TemperaturesA high-electron-mobility heterostructure is processed by electron-beam lithography to fabricate samples with a separation of the current-supplying Ohmic contacts of between and 1.3 mm. Voltage pulses of 20-ms duration, with a 4% filling factor and an amplitude up to 30 V, stimulate terahertz emission from samples cooled to 4 K. The radiation spectrum, centered at about 390 GHz (about 1.6 meV), registered with a Fabry-Perot interferometer, shows almost no dependence on the applied voltage or on the shape of the sample. The emission appears in a threshold manner and is accompanied by a jump of current by more than 2 orders of magnitude. The energy of the emitted photons is about three times smaller than in the case of any previously reported impurity-related emission from either bulk or -based quantum wells. The emission is interpreted as resulting from a two-step ionization-recombination process involving shallow donors in the (,) barrier, which create bound states of electrons in the quantum well. Thus, the frequency of emission is argued to be tuned by the width of the spacer layer. We present these as small convenient sources that can be used for calibration and check-up operation of cooled bolometric systems used in astronomical observations.- 2 July 2021
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review B
- Vol. 104 (4) , 045301
Beatings of ratchet current magneto-oscillations in GaN-based grating gate structures: Manifestation of spin-orbit band splitting
We report on the study of the magnetic ratchet effect in AlGaN/GaN heterostructures superimposed with a lateral superlattice formed by a dual-grating gate structure. We demonstrate that irradiation of the superlattice with a terahertz beam results in the direct ratchet current, which shows giant magneto-oscillations in the regime of Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations. The oscillations have the same period and are in phase with the resistivity oscillations. Remarkably, their amplitude is greatly enhanced as compared with the ratchet current at zero magnetic field, and the envelope of these oscillations exhibits large beatings as a function of the magnetic field. We demonstrate that the beatings are caused by the spin-orbit (SO) splitting of the conduction band. We develop a theory which gives a good qualitative explanation of all experimental observations and allows us to extract the SO splitting constant meVÅ. We also discuss how our results are modified by plasmonic effects and show that these effects become more pronounced with decreasing the period of the grating gate structures down to submicrons.- 2 July 2021
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review B
- Vol. 104 (4) , 045301
Beatings of ratchet current magneto-oscillations in GaN-based grating gate structures: Manifestation of spin-orbit band splitting
We report on the study of the magnetic ratchet effect in AlGaN/GaN heterostructures superimposed with a lateral superlattice formed by a dual-grating gate structure. We demonstrate that irradiation of the superlattice with a terahertz beam results in the direct ratchet current, which shows giant magneto-oscillations in the regime of Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations. The oscillations have the same period and are in phase with the resistivity oscillations. Remarkably, their amplitude is greatly enhanced as compared with the ratchet current at zero magnetic field, and the envelope of these oscillations exhibits large beatings as a function of the magnetic field. We demonstrate that the beatings are caused by the spin-orbit (SO) splitting of the conduction band. We develop a theory which gives a good qualitative explanation of all experimental observations and allows us to extract the SO splitting constant meVÅ. We also discuss how our results are modified by plasmonic effects and show that these effects become more pronounced with decreasing the period of the grating gate structures down to submicrons.- Open Access
- 18 April 2020
- Published by MDPI AG in Applied Sciences
- Vol. 10 (8) , 2807
Grating Metamaterials Based on CdTe/CdMgTe Quantum Wells as Terahertz Detectors for High Magnetic Field Applications
The cyclotron and magnetoplasmon resonances were studied at 2 K in grating metamaterials fabricated on wafers with one or two modulation doped CdTe/CdMgTe quantum wells. The gratings (with the period varied between 2 m and 8 m) were prepared with an electron beam lithography either by etching or by evaporation of Au. The gratings were studied with an atomic force microscope which revealed a correlation between the depth and width of etched grooves at a constant time of etching. The sharpest resonances observed are due to excitation of magnetoplasmon in the case of Au gratings on a wafer with one quantum well. Etched samples with two quantum wells showed the strongest tuneability of magnetoplasmon resonances with the period of the grating and illumination with white light. We showed that the samples studied can be used as resonant or quasi-resonant terahertz detectors tuneable with magnetic field and white light.- 18 April 2020
- Published by MDPI AG in Applied Sciences
- Vol. 10 (8) , 2807
Open AccessGrating Metamaterials Based on CdTe/CdMgTe Quantum Wells as Terahertz Detectors for High Magnetic Field Applications
The cyclotron and magnetoplasmon resonances were studied at 2 K in grating metamaterials fabricated on wafers with one or two modulation doped CdTe/CdMgTe quantum wells. The gratings (with the period varied between 2 m and 8 m) were prepared with an electron beam lithography either by etching or by evaporation of Au. The gratings were studied with an atomic force microscope which revealed a correlation between the depth and width of etched grooves at a constant time of etching. The sharpest resonances observed are due to excitation of magnetoplasmon in the case of Au gratings on a wafer with one quantum well. Etched samples with two quantum wells showed the strongest tuneability of magnetoplasmon resonances with the period of the grating and illumination with white light. We showed that the samples studied can be used as resonant or quasi-resonant terahertz detectors tuneable with magnetic field and white light. - Open Access
Polarization of Magnetoplasmons in Grating Metamaterials Based on CdTe/CdMgTe Quantum Wells
Grating metamaterials were fabricated with electron beam lithography on CdTe/CdMgTe modulation doped structures with two non-interacting quantum wells. Two types of samples were studied: with etched gratings and with gratings formed by deposition of Au stripes. The polarization properties at THz frequencies of the gratings were determined at room temperature. It was shown that Au gratings formed a linear polarizer, while etched gratings did not polarize THz radiation. Transmission of circularly polarized THz radiation at low temperatures through a sample with no grating showed a strongly circularly polarized cyclotron resonance transition. Transmission of this radiation through a sample with an etched grating showed a magnetoplasmon transition that was almost perfectly linearly polarized. We concluded that magnetoplasmons in metamaterials with etched gratings are linearly polarized excitations, possibly with a small contribution of a circular component. This work opens the possibility of the detailed study of the polarization of magnetoplasmons, which has not been explored in the past.
Open AccessPolarization of Magnetoplasmons in Grating Metamaterials Based on CdTe/CdMgTe Quantum Wells
Grating metamaterials were fabricated with electron beam lithography on CdTe/CdMgTe modulation doped structures with two non-interacting quantum wells. Two types of samples were studied: with etched gratings and with gratings formed by deposition of Au stripes. The polarization properties at THz frequencies of the gratings were determined at room temperature. It was shown that Au gratings formed a linear polarizer, while etched gratings did not polarize THz radiation. Transmission of circularly polarized THz radiation at low temperatures through a sample with no grating showed a strongly circularly polarized cyclotron resonance transition. Transmission of this radiation through a sample with an etched grating showed a magnetoplasmon transition that was almost perfectly linearly polarized. We concluded that magnetoplasmons in metamaterials with etched gratings are linearly polarized excitations, possibly with a small contribution of a circular component. This work opens the possibility of the detailed study of the polarization of magnetoplasmons, which has not been explored in the past.
- 1 October 2019
- Published by Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences in Acta Physica Polonica A
- Vol. 136 (4) , 617-619
Terahertz Spectroscopy of Double CdTe/CdMgTe Quantum Wells
- 1 October 2019
- Published by Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences in Acta Physica Polonica A
- Vol. 136 (4) , 617-619
Terahertz Spectroscopy of Double CdTe/CdMgTe Quantum Wells
- 1 October 2019
- Published by Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences in Acta Physica Polonica A
- Vol. 136 (4) , 620-623
An Influence of X-Ray Irradiation on Mid-Bandgap Luminescence of Boron Nitride Epitaxial Layers
- 1 October 2019
- Published by Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences in Acta Physica Polonica A
- Vol. 136 (4) , 620-623
An Influence of X-Ray Irradiation on Mid-Bandgap Luminescence of Boron Nitride Epitaxial Layers
- 1 September 2019
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
- p. 1-2
Terahertz Detectors Based on Plasmonic Excitations in Double CdTe/CdMgTe Quantum Wells
Double CdTe/CdMgTe quantum wells modulation doped with Iodine were etched to fabricate grids with a period of $8 \mu \mathrm{m}$ and a geometrical aspect ratio ($\delta$) between 0.2 and 0.7. Etching removed only the well closer to the sample's surface. Transmission of terahertz radiation as a function of magnetic field (B) up to 10 T was measured at 2 K. The spectra show a single magnetoplasmon resonance (MPR) which position in B depends on $\delta$. A huge amplitude of MPR, comparable to that of the cyclotron resonance, allows us to propose such structures as tunable plasmonic terahertz detectors.- 1 September 2019
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
- p. 1-2
Terahertz Detectors Based on Plasmonic Excitations in Double CdTe/CdMgTe Quantum Wells
Double CdTe/CdMgTe quantum wells modulation doped with Iodine were etched to fabricate grids with a period of $8 \mu \mathrm{m}$ and a geometrical aspect ratio ($\delta$) between 0.2 and 0.7. Etching removed only the well closer to the sample's surface. Transmission of terahertz radiation as a function of magnetic field (B) up to 10 T was measured at 2 K. The spectra show a single magnetoplasmon resonance (MPR) which position in B depends on $\delta$. A huge amplitude of MPR, comparable to that of the cyclotron resonance, allows us to propose such structures as tunable plasmonic terahertz detectors.