Sema Celik

Biosorptive treatment with microbial biomass is regarded as an environmentally friendly and effective way to reduce dye contamination in contaminated aquatic environments. Immobilizing microbial cells for use in this process can significantly improve their effectiveness as biosorbents in the water treatment process. The current investigation searches for a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to decolorization by employing a green biocomposite material sorbent system (ZM@GFC) created by immobilizing fungal cells (Gibberella fujikuroi) on maize tassel tissues to efficiently remove Reactive Yellow 2 (RY2) from contaminated water sources. Batch and dynamic flow tests were performed to evaluate the biodecolorization properties of the newly created immobilized biomaterial as well as the effects of several essential operating conditions factors on the sorption behavior. Biosorption yields of 95.7% and 90.0% in batch and dynamic modes were achieved for experimental dye decolorization. The biosorption of RY2 by ZM@GFC occurred fast and achieved equilibrium within 60 min. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model elucidated the dye biosorption onto ZM@GFC. The Langmuir model provided a more accurate representation of the results than the Freundlich model. At the same time, Redlich-Peterson isotherm demonstrated the best level of agreement with the experimental data. These findings indicate that the biosorption mechanism predominantly involved the formation of a monolayer covering and that the energy properties of the ZM@GFC surface were uniform. The breakthrough capacity at the exhaustion time was 537.32 mg g⁻¹. The predicted cost of generating ZM@GFC was anticipated to be 61.03 USD/kg. The investigations on safe disposal demonstrated that the biosorption process did not generate any secondary pollution. In conclusion, using maize tassel tissue as an immobilized decolorization agent offers a possible method for removing reactive azo dye pollutants from the aquatic medium that is both economical and environmentally benign.

The waste biomass of grape pomace was utilized for the immobilization of model fungal cells ( Thamnidium elegans ) providing a green, innovative, and practical biocomposite for efficient biodecolorization of a model reactive dye (Reactive Yellow 2). Appreciable decolorization capacity at optimized conditions was observed as q _max =151.0 mg g ^‐1 with the suggested biocomposite (TECWGP). During the batch process, the biocomposite exhibited the highest dye removal of 98.57 % in the RY2‐contaminated solutions. The biosorptive decolorization process was the best predicted by the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic models. The possible interactions between RY2 and TECWGP were also examined. Synthetic wastewater treatment experiments indicated that TECWGP has a good decolorization potential. Overall, the findings indicated that TECWGP could be a good alternative to synthetic materials for the treatment of reactive dye‐contaminated aqueous phase. Furthermore, the utilization of agro‐industrial waste to support fungal cells contributes to the growth of a solid circular bio‐based economy.

BACKGROUND: The fluoroquinolone antibiotics in water sources are significant threats to public health, as well as the water ecosystem and water reuse. In this study, the feasibility of the biosorption of ciprofloxacin (CIP) using pine needles biomass‐Gibberella fujikuroi immobilized biocomposite (PNGFB) was promoted. It was prepared by passive cell immobilization onto the lignocellulosic matrix. The suggested biosorbent was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and zeta potential analysis. Series of batch and continuous mode experiments were conducted.RESULTS: The results of both systems showed that the PNGFB was effectively used for the treatment of CIP contamination. The maximum uptake occurred at pH 6.0, 40 min contact time, 1.0 mL min⁻¹ flow rate, and 0.10 g (batch) and 0.20 g (column) PNGFB dosages. Redlich–Peterson isotherm model was the best suited to equilibrium data and the pseudo‐second‐order model predicted the biosorption kinetics. The maximum monolayer biosorption capability was 39.17 mg g⁻¹. The suggested biocomposite also reached CIP removal yields of 64.14% and 53.74% in synthetic hospital effluent and synthetic urine samples containing 100 mg L⁻¹ antibiotic, respectively. The regeneration study indicates that PNGFB retained its high biosorption and desorption yields during five cycles of the biosorption‐desorption.CONCLUSION: The findings clearly showed that the PNGFB seems to be an eco‐friendly, effective, economic, and potentially viable biocomposite sorbent for the sustainable removal of CIP contamination. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

A novel biomaterial was prepared by the immobilization of Phlebia gigantea cells in the medium containing lignocellulosic waste and used for the first time in the bioremediation purpose. The developed new biocomposite possesses higher Pb(II) retention potential when compared with the free microbial cells. It could remove Pb(II) up to 74.11% at a biosorbent dosage of 4.0 g L⁻¹. Surface characterization was carried out through zeta potential, EDX, SEM, and IR studies to understand the metal-biocomposite interactions. The biosorption amount at equilibrium slightly decreased with the increase of the solution temperature. Kinetic data indicated Pb(II) biosorption onto suggested biocomposite fits well with the pseudo-first-order model. Biosorption equilibrium data suited Langmuir model with the highest coefficient of determination values. The immobilized material reached to maximum monolayer Pb(II) retention capacity (1.449 × 10⁻⁴ mol g⁻¹) within the short equilibrium time (10 min). The designed biocomposite was also adapted to continuous flow mode sorption process. Regeneration tests by dynamic flow mode confirmed reutilization potential of biocomposite.

Biosorption is an effective alternative method for the control of water pollution caused by different pollutants such as synthetic dyes and metals. A new and efficient biomass system was developed from the passively immobilized fungal cells. The spongy tissue of Phragmites australis was considered as the carrier for the immobilization of Neurospora sitophila cells employed for the biosorption of Basic Blue 7. This plant tissue was used for the first time as a carrier for fungal cells. The biosorption was examined through batch- and continuous-mode operations. The biosorption process conformed well to the Langmuir model. Maximum monolayer biosorption capacity of the biosorbent was recorded as 154.756 mg g⁻¹. Kinetic findings showed a very good compliance with the pseudo-second-order model. The negative values of ΔG° indicated a spontaneous nature of the biosorption process and a positive value of ΔH° (14.69 kJ mol⁻¹) concluded favorable decolorization at high temperature. The scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that a porous, rippled, and rough surface of biomass system was covered with BB7 molecular cloud. IR results revealed that functional groups like –OH, –NH, and C˭O participated to the decolorization. Breakthrough and exhausted points were found as 360 and 570 minutes, respectively. The biomass system was successfully applied to the treatment of real wastewater.