Kareem Essam

The paper investigates the efficiency of phage-nano combinational therapy in treating planktonic and biofilm bacteria. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by olive oil as a coating emulation and characterized. Then, the antibacterial activity, biofilm inhibition, and the compatibility of phage ZCEC5 with AgNPs were evaluated. The results revealed that AgNPs were effective against a wide range of bacteria including Enterobacter spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella Enteritidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus sciuri, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 0.6 to 3.15% and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranged from 3.15 to 12.5%. As a model bacteria, E. coli O157:H7 was tested against the formulated AgNPs alone, and in combination with bacteriophage ZCEC5. While the MIC and MBC for E. coli treated with the AgNPs only were 1.1% and 3.15%, respectively, when combined with phage ZCEC5 (∼10⁸ PFU/mL), the MIC and MBC were reduced to be 0.13% and 0.25%, respectively. Therefore, this paperwork introduces an antibacterial AgNPs against a wide spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, along with a novel combinational therapy of AgNPs and bacteriophage.

Egyptian society suffers from increasing in the number of divorce cases which leads to different problems. One of them is the children’s street that is a result of paternity issues. Paternity cases are caused due to huge problems between married couples because women may be entering a sexual partner in her life so the child will be not the son of her husband. This study discusses the techniques that are used in paternity cases in order to detect the biological father and prove which technique is more accurate compared to other techniques. Blood groups were the first approach that was used to detect whether the case is inclusion or exclusion. The most common and accurate technique is a short tandem repeat. This technique depends on 16 short tandem repeat loci founded on the chromosomes. It also depends on the length of each locus. This study discusses 6 samples concerned with 2 paternity cases while in one case concerned father, mother and two children.

The aim of the present work is to produce local H2O2 inactivated vaccine and monitor its quality to the currently available in the Egyptian market. Data revealed that H2O2 could inactivate rabies virus within 3 hrs. Produced vaccine potency was evaluated using mice inoculation assay indicating that the ED50 of test vaccine was >2.5 IU according to the WHO regulation. Immune response was monitored on both cellular and humoral level revealing that anti rabies IgG was increasing relative to time and the same to IFN-γ and IL-5 IFN of local vaccine was significantly elevated than that in case of H2O2 prepared one.