Irena A. Mishkich

In modern conditions, an important task of occupational medicine remains to study the physiological features of the formation of occupational stress with an assessment of the impact of adverse stress factors of varying intensity and duration on the body of pedagogical and medical workers. The study aims to conduct a physiological and hygienic assessment of the resistance to stress and physiological reactions of the employee's body to the effects of neuropsychiatric stress for the scientifically based development of a system of measures aimed at preserving health and optimizing professional activity of pedagogical and medical workers. The authors conducted a hygienic assessment of working conditions in educational institutions of St. Petersburg, lifestyle based on the results of a survey of teachers (a total of 116,256 pieces of information), the health status of teachers according to medical examination data (418 teachers) and questionnaires (346 respondents). Physiological and hygienic studies of the work of nurses, pediatric surgeons and medical workers employed in the covid hospital included a quantitative assessment of stress resistance using a new methodological approach. Specialists examined 130 people, carried out 1194 measurements of psychophysiological indicators. The authors performed static data processing using sets of statistical programs EpiInfo 3.5.2., Statistica 10, Microsoft Excel 2010. Pedagogical and medical workers of intellectual labor with a pronounced component of interpersonal communication revealed a high level of nervous and emotional tension, which correlates with a high degree of reliability with physiological shifts and an indicator of resistance to stress. Specialists conducted a study of the prevalence of chronic diseases among teachers, which revealed the predominance of diseases of the circulatory system in the structure of morbidity, also implemented and tested a set of physical culture and wellness activities. As a result of the data analysis, it was found that insufficient resistance to stress, a low level of physical fitness (fitness) form pronounced changes in the parameters of cardiodynamics in teachers. According to the results of the study, scientists have developed a system of health-saving behavior of pedagogical and medical workers, universal for educational and medical organizations. Limitations. There are quantitative restrictions due to the number of medical staff of the covid hospital. Ethics. The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Institute of MT" (Protocol No. 4 of 04/14/2021)

The formation of a healthy lifestyle and a healthy lifestyle in the work of various activities, developing a program that includes appropriate measures to correct the functional state of employees of nervous and emotional labor, is currently one of the essential areas of occupational health. The study aims to assess the prevalence of behavioral risk factors for health disorders and the effectiveness of measures to correct overstrain in pedagogical and medical workers, depending on the personal level of anxiety. The researchers conducted comprehensive physiological and hygienic studies. We described behavioral risk factors, awareness of health-saving issues based on a questionnaire (346 teachers), a professional graphical assessment of the intensity of efforts. Psychophysical studies help to study the states of various functions of the central nervous system and the cardiovascular system, psychological testing, and general physical performance (GPP) according to the RWC170 test when evaluating the implemented model of motor activity and assess the effectiveness of relaxation in the shungite room. We performed static processing of the data obtained using statistical programs EpiInfo 3.5.2., Statistica 10, Microsoft Excel 2010 using adequate methods of statistical analysis. The study of the prevalence of the factors risky cheek of life for the health of teachers revealed insufficient physical activity (61.1% (95% CI 54.7-67.2)), inadequate sleep duration (46.1% (95% CI 40.0-52.4)), eating disorders (16.2% (95% CI 11.9-21.5)) tobacco smoking (15.8% (95% CI 11.5-20.9)). The developed and implemented regime, which increases the volume of motor activity to 8-9 hours a week instead of 3-4 hours, contributed to an increase in resistance to stress effects, a decrease in the percentage of identified teachers with a low level of physical fitness. A high degree of nervous and emotional tension in the work of general practitioners, the possibility of infection with COVID-19 leads to the formation of a high level of anxiety in a significant part (63.7-72.2%) of medical workers, which indicates the purposefulness of a psychological correction measure. The conducted production studies have shown the usefulness of using in programs for correcting the functional conformity of pedagogical and medical workers, an increase in motor activity using physical culture and sports, and relaxation in the shungite room.

Introduction. The impact of high information and neuro-emotional loads on teachers and medical workers contributes to professional stress and the development of production-related diseases. The development of preventive programs in health-saving behavior is quite relevant. It reveals the need to study the peculiarities of the labor activity in employees of pedagogical labor and the medical sphere. The study aims to substantiate hygienic and medical-preventive programs to prevent the development of overstrain and maintain health in pedagogical and medical workers with different work intensities. Materials and methods. Researchers carried out comprehensive physiological and hygienic studies, a hygienic assessment of the intensity of the labor process, and factors of the production environment. We have a questionnaire survey and the results of medical examinations of teachers and surgeons. Scientists did physiological studies on the state of the cardiovascular system with characteristics of the response to stress loads (ECG recording on a 12-channel electrocardiograph and continuously using Holter monitoring, determination of systemic blood pressure). We calculated the total risk of fatal cardiovascular complications on the SCORE scale. Researchers carried out statistical processing of the obtained data using the statistical program EpiInfo 3.5.2., Statistika 10, Microsoft Excel 2010. Results. 85.7% of medical university teachers have chronic diseases, and diseases of the circulatory system prevail in the structure of morbidity, the frequency of which increases with age. The results of the questionnaire survey established the priority behavioral risk factors for teachers. There is a high (from >5% to 10%) and very high (>10%) absolute risk of fatal cardiovascular complications on the SCORE scale in teachers. In surgeons, the study of the features and degree of adequacy of the cardiovascular system's response to stress during work revealed the tension of the regulatory mechanisms of the circulatory system, which indicates a decrease in the functional capabilities of the myocardium. Conclusions. Neuro-emotional stress of work is the leading professional factor in the teaching staff of higher medical education (2 permissible, 3 class of harmfulness of the 1st degree) and surgeons (class 3.2). It determines the formation of the functional state of neuropsychiatric tension.