Heeok Park

Purpose: This study examined factors associated with job satisfaction among physician assistant nurses working across diverse tasks and clinical settings. Methods: From March 18 to April 2, 2025, we surveyed physician assistant nurses at a tertiary hospital in Daegu and data from 141 participants were analyzed. Analyses included descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: Self-efficacy (β=.47, p<.001) and role conflict (β=-.19, p=.008) were significantly associated with job satisfaction, and the final model explained 32.2% of the variance. Conclusion: Strategies to improve job satisfaction should reduce role conflict and strengthen self-efficacy through education and competency-development programs. Clearer work regulations and legal and institutional safeguards may also support physician assistant nurses.

Purpose: This study explored the factors associated with burnout in medical support staff nurses in tertiary hospitals. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Data were collected from 150 medical support staff nurses working in five tertiary hospitals across three metropolitan cities between March 7 and 21, 2025. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The factors associated with burnout are listed in the following order: role conflict (B=11.99, p<.001), types of department (e.g., Dermatology and Pediatrics) (B=11.25, p=.018), and job autonomy (B=-3.78, p=.045). The explanatory power of these factors for burnout was determined to be 26.5%. Conclusion: The findings highlighted that role conflict should be addressed to prevent and reduce burnout among medical support staff nurses. These findings are expected to serve as foundational data for developing department-specific education and competency-enhancement programs for medical support staff nurses. In addition, to enhance autonomy and responsibility, it is necessary to establish clear work regulations that allow for lawful and accountable performance of duties, thereby contributing to the reduction of burnout.

Purpose: We investigated factors associated with malnutrition in nursing home residents and estimated pooled effect sizes of those associations. Methods: We report this study according to the PRISMA checklist 2020. After registering the protocol, we conducted a systematic search using the keywords “malnutrition,” “nursing home,” and “factor” on PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Scopus and conducted a hand search of relevant sources in November 2023. We conducted the meta-analysis using R4.3.1 software. Results: We included 46 studies and entered 35 studies into the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis results showed that (1) demographic factors included being female: pooled odds ratio (pOR) 1.38 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.29~1.47) and higher body mass index: pOR 0.74 (95% CI, 0.66~0.83); (2) health functional factors including dependence with activities of daily living: pOR 3.70 (95% CI, 2.97~4.60) and being immobile: pOR 2.50 (95% CI, 1.39~4.47); (3) eating and oral intake factors including: eating <50% of offered food portions: pOR 3.56 (95% CI, 2.05~6.19) and loss of appetite: pOR 3.60 (95% CI, 1.36~9.57); (4) disease-related factors including dementia: pOR 1.98 (95% CI, 1.59~2.46), depression: pOR 1.84 (95% CI, 1.18~2.85), diabetes: pOR 0.76 (95% CI, 0.58~0.99), and pressure ulcers: pOR 2.14 (95% CI, 1.54~2.97); and (5) medication-related factors such as taking polypharmacy pOR 1.75 (95% CI, 1.24~2.47) were found to have a significant association with malnutrition in nursing homes. Conclusion: These results contribute to updating knowledge about factors associated with malnutrition in nursing homes. Results supported that demographic status, health function, eating and oral intake, and disease, and medication factors significantly aligned with malnutrition. Study results contribute to improving nutritional care in nursing homes and long-term-care settings.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of organizational communication and grit on nurses’ turnover intention in rehabilitation hospitals. Methods: The subjects of this study included 159 nurses with more than 6 months of experience working in a rehabilitation hospital. The collected data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis using SPSS 29.0. Results: The subjects’ organizational communication was 3.34±0.38, grit 2.99±0.31, and turnover intention 2.84±0.57. Turnover intention showed a negative correlation with organizational communication (r=-.38, p<.001) and grit (r=-.41, p<.001). The factors significantly affecting turnover intention included grit (β=-.30, p<.001), the scheduled period of employment (age of retirement; β=-.30, p<.001), organizational communication (β=-.26, p<.001), and salary satisfaction (satisfied to very satisfied; β=-.17, p=.014) in order. These actors explained 38.2% of turnover intention. Conclusion: Based on this study’s findings, reducing nurses’ turnover intention in rehabilitation hospitals requires developing with effective measures to improve grit and organizational communication and allowing them to work as long as possible.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors related to burnout of nurses working at intensive care units. Methods: The subjects of this study included 149 nurses in intensive care units at six general hospitals. The data was analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression analysis were used. Results: The factors significantly affecting burnout included work stress ‘high to very high’ (β=.39, p<.001), communication skill (β=-.24, p=.001), subjective health status ‘normal’ (β=.22, p=.001) and ‘bad to very bad’ (β=.20, p=.002) and problem-driven coping (β=-.19, p=.010) in order, and the explanatory power of these factors to the burnout was 46.3%. Conclusion: Based on the results, effective interventions need to be provided to improve intensive care unit nurses’ health conditions and to relieve their work stress. It is necessary to develop practical strategies to improve nurses’ communication and stress coping skills to reduce their burnout.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of death anxiety and social support on the preferences for care near the end of life in older adults staying at long-term care hospitals. By understanding these relationships among the factors, we provide crucial insights for enhancing end-of-life care with respect to patients’ end-of-life care preferences. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 155 older adults staying at long-term care hospitals participated in the study. Data collection was performed from January 9, 2023 to March 9, 2023. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Results: The results of this study show that death anxiety (β=.23, p=.002), social support (β=.22, p=.003), intensive care transfer (β=.18, p=.022), and severity of illness (β=.16, p=.033) were significantly affecting factors to the care preferences near the end of life in older adults staying at long-term care hospitals. Conclusion: Understanding the end-of-life care preferences of older adults with death anxiety in long-term care hospitals is important. Expressing these preferences in a timely manner requires extensive support from patients, family, and health professionals. Developing an effective program for end-of-life care preferences is continuously needed for future studies.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a virtual reality simulation education program for nursing students to care for agitation (VRSEPforNSA) in patients with dementia). Method: The VRSEPforNSA was developed using the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation). Result: Analysis was performed using the nursing journal database from 2017 to 2021 with keyword of virtual reality, nursing, nursing education and program. Design was consisted based on the Jeffries’ 5E learning cycle model. VRSEPforNSA was developed with 3 stages: the assessment and care for agitation in patients with dementia, patient falls to floor, and back to bed in room. The VRSEPforNSA is run for a total of 100 minutes and the module is consisted of a pre-test, VR simulation running, debriefing, nursing record and reflection, and so on. Conclusion: There is a need to apply the VRSEPforNSA for senior nursing students and to test the effects on agitation care performance, self-efficacy and decision making.

This study implemented and evaluated a community-based fall prevention program based on goal attainment theory that targeted older adults with osteoarthritis. The program included education, exercise, and one-on-one counseling during which the participant and the provider set individual fall prevention goals. This study used a nonequivalent control group pre-/posttest design. Participants were older adults in senior centers with lower extremity osteoarthritis. A fall prevention program in the experimental group included group (70 minutes, once/week; education and exercise) and individual counseling (10 minutes, twice/week; emotional support and goal setting). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS/WIN 22.0 with the χ ² test, Fisher's exact test, independent t test, and Mann–Whitney U test. The experimental group experienced significantly fewer falls, less stiffness, less difficulty performing activity; more muscular strength, walking ability, and balance; as well as less fear of falling and higher falls efficacy in comparison with the control group. However, pain did not improve in either of the two groups. Fall prevention programs need to include the active involvement of carers in ensuring environmental changes to reduce fall risks. In addition, health professionals who care for community patients with osteoarthritis could strengthen interactions and exchanges to prevent falls and actively modify home hazards.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of sleep quality among older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) at long-term-care (LTC) hospitals and identify the related sleep-quality factors.Methods: This study was a descriptive study. A total of 150 older adults with MCI at 5 LTC hospitals participated in this study. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/20.0 program.Results: The significant related factors to sleep quality of older adults with MCI at LTC hospitals were shown as pain (β=.44, p<.001), environment (β=.26, p<.001) and number of diseases (β=.14, p=.032). Total explained variance was 39.8% (F=4.67, p=.032).Conclusion: Nursing care to control pain and number of disease in older adults with MCI must be developed for improving LTC hospitals’ environments and residents’ sleep quality. This study provides the basic data to develop sleep management programs of MCI older adults at LTC hospitals.