Valentina Shelomentseva

Цифрлық дәуір тұтынушылардың (білім беру саласы) және компаниялардың (университеттің) өзара іс-қимылын түбегейлі өзгертті. Ол университеттердің корпоративтік тұрақтылық стратегияларына әсер ету үшін бұрын-соңды болмаған қоғамдық артықшылық мүмкіндіктерін жасады. Нарықтық ортадағы бизнес-процестердің ашықтығы мен ақпараттың қолжетімділігінің артуына байланысты тұтынушылар (білім беру саласының қатысушылары) білім беру тауарлары мен қызметтерін тұтынушылардан әлеуметтік жауапкершілік саласындағы университеттердің корпоративтік саясатын қалыптастырудың белсенді қатысушылары болады. Қалалық орта таптың өсуі және жұмыс күшіндегі әйелдер санының өсуі сияқты нарықтағы өзгерістер білім берудегі тұтынушылық әдеттерді өзгертеді, ал білім беру мен цифрлық сауаттылықтың өсуі тұтынушылардың интернеттегі қатысуын кеңейтті. Мақалада жоғары оқу орындарының бизнес-процестерін тұрақты дамыту қағидаттарын тиімді іске асыруды қамтамасыз ететін білім беру саласы мен университеттер тұтынушыларының виртуалды ортадағы өзара іс-қимылының тұжырымдамалық моделі ұсынылған. Осы зерттеудің мақсаты жоғары оқу орнының тұрақтылық талаптарына корпоративтік бейімделуіне ықпал ететін білім беру саласы мен университеттердің тұтынушыларының цифрлық ортадағы өзара іс-қимылының тұжырымдамалық моделін әзірлеу және эмпирикалық растау болып табылады. Бұл үшін 50 қазақстандық университеттерінің сараптамалық зерттеуі мен корреляциялық талдауын қоса алғанда, аралас әдістер қолданылды. Нәтижелер модельдің өзектілігін және оның болжамды әлеуетін растай отырып, виртуалды тұтынушылардың белсенділігі мен жоғары оқу орындарының тұрақтылық көрсеткіштері арасындағы статистикалық маңызды байланысты көрсетеді. Зерттеу білім беру саласының ақпараттандырылған және белсенді тұтынушылары контексте тұрақты бизнес стратегияларын қалыптастыруда трансформациялық рөл атқарады деген қорытындыға келді.цифрландыру және еңбек нарығының эволюциясы. Кілтті сөздер: тұрақты даму, виртуалды орта, білім беру саласы, еңбек нарығы, цифрландыру, тұтынушылардың мінез-құлқы.

The research examines the dynamics of the cattle farming development in the Republic of Kazakhstan over the past three years on the basis of key indicators. The dynamic changes and comparisons of cattle population in productivity specializations are considered. The main cattle productivity specializations in Kazakhstan regions and their peculiarities are described. The comparative trend of changes in the growth rates of dairy production in general and the average milk yield per dairy cow were identified and registered. The features of conditions that influence the technology of growing, fattening and breeding of the cattle in Northern Kazakhstan are summarized and included in the developed business process map. The map reflects the components of the cattle farming system, the input resources for on-going works and procedures that are aimed at maintenance and exploitation of the cattle for dairy production. For the main production activities reflected in the business process map, extra flowcharts were also compiled, two of them, as examples, are discussed in the article. The objective of the research which consisted in developing a map of business processes in dairy cattle farming as a basis for the formation of a production programme of activities was achieved. The results of the research can be applied in planning production programmes and in financial modelling of business processes, for assessing the efficiency and correcting the development plans of an agricultural enterprise.

This study examines the structural transformation of Kazakhstan’s labor market in the context of accelerated digitalization and post-pandemic recovery. Situated within the broader discourse on labor adaptability in emerging economies, this study addresses how digital and institutional shifts are reshaping employment patterns, sectoral composition, and workforce dynamics. Using panel data analysis, regression models, and cluster techniques, this study evaluates the impact of digital infrastructure, sectoral specialization, educational investment, and demographic trends on labor productivity, formal employment, and unemployment. Empirical findings highlight a growing divergence between regions, with digitally advanced urban centers outperforming agrarian and resource-dependent areas in employment growth and labor efficiency. The study results also reveal that youth unemployment and the segment of young people Not in Employment, Education, or Training (NEET) remain structurally embedded challenges, characterized by significant gender-based and regional disparities. Furthermore, the informal sector persists as an adaptive buffer, especially during periods of economic uncertainty, but continues to limit social protection coverage. This study concludes that Kazakhstan’s labor market is undergoing a transition from an industrial resource model to a service- and knowledge-based configuration. Effective policy responses should focus on enhancing digital inclusion, promoting flexible employment models, and targeting youth labor integration. These insights provide a basis for designing regionally differentiated labor strategies aligned with long-term economic modernization.

The link between the education system and the labor market plays an important role in the creation of human capital, which is the basis for economic growth and sustainable social development. The effective interaction of these sectors ensures the training of personnel capable of meeting the needs of the modern market, which increases the competitiveness of the economy and improves the quality of life of people. The example of Germany in the development of dual education is considered, the effectiveness of which is also confirmed by the successful experience of implementing dual system in vocational education in such European countries as Austria, Greece, Italy, Spain, Sweden and Romania. An important condition for the development of a successful university and increasing its competitiveness is to improve the mechanisms of interaction between higher education and business. This includes training students in accordance with the current needs of the labor market, as well as active participation of educational institutions in innovative and successful integration associations. It is important that universities adapt their educational programs to changing conditions and market trends so that graduates have the skills and knowledge needed in today’s environment. In order to strengthen the relationship between business and higher education, close interaction between local authorities, business and educational institutions is necessary. Keywords: higher education, labor market, forms of interaction, employment, dual training, educational programs.

The study aimed to develop a standardized map of business processes as a basis for creating a production program for livestock activities and their financial modeling at enterprises in Northern Kazakhstan. General scientific and empirical research methods were applied, including logical and systematic approaches, generalization, analysis, synthesis, comparison, and calculations for data collection and processing. The specific conditions and practices of raising, fattening, and breeding livestock in Northern Kazakhstan were summarized and incorporated into the development of the business process map. The developed map reflects the components of the livestock system, detailing a sequence of tasks and procedures carried out using input resources. The research results make an original contribution by addressing key scientific and practical issues in livestock organization: the specific features of livestock business processes have been clarified; a standardized business process map has been developed; and a definition of business processes in livestock farming has been provided. The research results can be applied in the planning of production programs, financial modeling of business processes, and assessing their efficiency.

В данной статье представлен обзор разведения поголовья крупного рогатого скота в Северном Казахстане и его регионах. Настоящий обзор по поголовью крупного рогатого скота подготовлен в рамках грантового проекта «Разработка стандартизированной финансовой модели бизнес-процессов для скотоводства в условиях Северного Казахстана». При подготовке обзора авторы использовали материалы государственной статистики, а также научные статьи. Целью настоящей статьи является выявить сложившиеся тенденции в изменении поголовья крупного рогатого скота, распределение его по предприятиям (хозяйствующим субъектам) и продуктивности в Северном Казахстане и его регионах. Выявлены сложившиеся тенденции в изменении динамики поголовья скота за период 2013 – 2023 годы. Сформулированы обоснованные толкования сложившейся ситуации в динамике поголовье крупного рогатого скота в Северном Казахстане. В статье представлен анализ распределения КРС по типам предприятий, на основе которого сделаны предложения по изменению структуры, способные привести к повышению эффективности этой подотрасли скотоводства. В обзоре также представлен анализ по направлениям продуктивности КРС. На основе выполненного анализа авторами в статье представлены предложения, способные привести к развитию отрасли животноводства (КРС), повышению ее эффективности. Ключевые слова: крупный рогатый скот, динамика поголовья, распределение по предприятиям, распределение по продуктивности, совершенствование управления, эффективность.

The agricultural sector in Kazakhstan represents only 5.4% of the total Gross Domestic Product and consists of livestock and crop production. The agricultural industry's potential production is limited by outdated technology, inefficient work practices and a lack of digitization which accounts for a small portion of the economy's overall value. Modernising agricultural output and making investments profitable represent some of the crucial challenges. However, in this field, limited research has been done. There are no studies investigating the profitability and return on investment of digitalization. Therefore, this paper investigates six digital technologies and their economic effects: health management in beef production, dairy cow movement tracking, drone counting systems, crop parallel driving systems, telematics and soil moisture monitoring. The data for this paper are from our own field studies of more than 138 farms in various regions of Kazakhstan. The extracted data includes the type of technology, equipment, cost and added profit of the farm. The investment performance indicators (IPI) were evaluated based on this data. Studies reveal that the use of technology demonstrates the financial viability of the digitalization of agriculture. The IPI of different technologies provides important information and data for farmers when making decisions about increasing the scope of digitization. Furthermore, the findings provide valuable understanding of the agricultural output in the area and serve as a solid foundation for the Kazakhstani government to establish forthcoming policies.

The goal is to show potential ways, methods and approaches for adapting the international experience in creating a digital platform of the Eurasian Commodity Distribution Network (hereinafter ECDN) of the Eurasian Economic Union and other countries, used to further borrow best practices as a guarantee of food security and a catalyst for export activity. Methods – content analysis, economic and statistical, evaluation and comparison, analytical. Results – technologies and units of UCDN of the EAEU, the Republic of Tajikistan (RT) and the Republic of Uzbekistan (RU) are proposed. The sectors and trends of digitalization of the economy of foreign countries, benefits and risks of this process, which must be taken into account when developing eagriculture of the republic, are considered. The directions, characteristics, areas of application and distribution of digital business processes in agricultural sector are indicated, allowing to increase the added value. An analysis of trends in the information and communication system of the AIC of developed countries confirms that their experience can be successfully used in promoting digital transformation in the agro-industrial complex of the EAEU, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Conclusions – the level of development of the digital platform of the Eurasian commodity distribution network is still at the stage of formation. A fully formed supra-country and effectively operating supra-state Platform has not been identified. Subject to deep economic and political integration of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union, the Republic of Tajikistan and the Republic of Uzbekistan, a project of a digital open integrated system for managing the flow of agricultural products on the territory of the EAEU from the manufacturer through the entire logistics cycle to retail can be developed and implemented. Building a single transport and logistics chain, increasing storage capacity, creating a mechanism for managing commodity and material flows will help increase the scale of mutual trade and stimulate exports.

An important problem that should be solved by the public authorities responsible for regional governance is the development of a system for effective monitoring of the socio-economic development of the region. A reason for this is the lack of information on the status and dynamics of the main indicators affecting the processes in the regions. The article examines studies carried out in different countries devoted to the analysis and assessment of the level of socio-economic development of the territory at the regional level. The article discusses various aspects of research on assessing the development of regions: a system of indicators, possible sources of information, processing methods and the form of the result. In many countries there is still a lack of reliable data on changes in socio-economic processes at the regional level, the authors summarized the experience of various studies in the article and proposed the author’s vision of the system of socio-economic indicators of regions. Based on the analysis of various planning and monitoring methods for the socio-economic development of regions, the article proposes a system for monitoring the socio-economic development of a region, which provides for an assessment of the development of a territory by seven groups of indicators. To analyze the available research in the field of assessing the socio-economic development of regions, there have been used methods of comparative analysis and generalization, statistical analysis.

Object: To do the assessment of territorial resources, recreational services for their development by the population and consumers, to formulate proposals for their development and preservation of the natural environment. Methods: A review of scientific literature on the topic of research, sociological methods to obtain the necessary information based on research sample. This kind of research has not previously been carried out on the objects under study. Results: As a result of a sociological survey, the influence of the population on the preservation of the natural environment was revealed, the awareness of the population about the prospects for the development of these systems and possible options for improvement were identified. The opinion of the population and vacationers about the degree of importance of the problems was revealed. Conclusions: It was found that the population and vacationers, as a strong third-party territorial natural recreational system, noted the uniqueness of the natural environment of the Katon-Karagay Natural Park and the flow of vacationers. The population and vacationers were unanimous in identifying measures to improve this natural area so that recreation and tourism are closer to international standards. Useful advice and the need to develop a Comprehensive State Program for Territorial Natural Recreational System can ensure the preservation of the natural environment and comprehensive, effective development.