Misbahul Munir

Abstrak - Orchardz Hotel adalah perusahaan yang menyediakan pelayanan jasa penginapan. Salah satu fasilitas yang disediakan Orchardz Hotel Pontianak adalah layanan jasa laundry. Adanya fasilitas laundry, membuat para tamu tidak perlu lagi merasa repot untuk memikirkan masalah baju kotor selama menginap. Pilihan metode pencucian beragam mulai dari laundry biasa, press dan dry cleaning. Layanan laundry hanya dikhususkan bagi tamu, sehingga tidak tersedia bagi umum, linen attendant menawarkan ke tamu-tamu dengan cara mengetuk pintu kamar, namun banyaknya kamar yang tersedia dan terisi pada Orchardz Hotel sering kali tidak selesai dikunjungi karena keterbatasan waktu. Oleh karena itu Penerapan prediksi layanan jasa laundry perlu diimplementasikan sehingga proses penawaran ini dapat dilakukan secara akurat terhadap perkiraan tamu yang memiliki nilai prediksi tertinggi dan menjadikan waktu penawaran jasa menjadi lebih cepat karena mengetahui tamu mana saja yang menjadi perioritas. Maka penelitian ini mengimplementasikan algoritma C4.5 untuk mengklasifikasikan dan memprediksi tamu mana saja yang memiliki nilai accuracy tertinggi sehingga dapat diprioritaskan untuk dikunjungi kamar tamunya. Hasil dari implementasi menghasilkan nilai confusion matrix dengan nilai Accuracy 83,61% dan nilai AUC sebesar 0,527 serta atribut dengan bobot tertinggi adalah Gender (Jenis Kelamin) dan Floor (Lantai Kamar) dengan masing-masing nilai 0,397 untuk gender dan 0,391 untuk floor. Kata Kunci : C4.5, data mining, klasifikasi, prediksi Abstract - Orchardz Hotel is an accommodation company or business entity that provides lodging services. One of the facilities provided by Orchardz Hotel Pontianak is a laundry service. The existence of laundry facilities, makes guests no longer need to feel bothered to think about the problem of dirty clothes during their stay. The choice of washing methods varies from regular laundry, press and dry cleaning. Laundry service is only reserved for guests who stay, so it is not available to the public, the linen attendant offers to guests by knocking on the room door, but the number of rooms available and filled at Orchardz Hotel are often not completed due to time constraints. Therefore, the application of laundry service predictions needs to be implemented so that the bidding process can be carried out accurately on the estimated guests who have the highest predictive value and make the service offer time faster because it knows which guests are the priority, so this study implements the C4.5 algorithm. 5 to classify and predict which guests have the highest accuracy values so that they can be prioritized for their guest rooms to visit. The results of the implementation produce a confusion matrix value with an Accuracy value of 83.61%, and AUC value of  0.527 and the attributes with the highest weights are Gender and Floor  with each value of 0.397 for gender and 0.391 for floor. Keywords : C4.5, classification, data mining, prediction

Eprilurahman R, Atmaja VY, Munir M, Ubaidillah R, Arisuryanti T, Smith EN, Hamidy A. 2023. Phylogeny and taxonomic status evaluation of Dark-sided Narrow-mouthed Frog, Microhyla heymonsi, (Anura: Microhylidae) from Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1092-1103. Microhyla heymonsi (Dark-sided narrow-mouthed frog) was once known to be widespread along the continent of Asia from Taiwan to the mainland of east and southeast to Nicobar Islands and Sumatra. Recent studies identified that this species is cryptic species consisting of M. heymonsi itself and several newly described species, i.e., M. daklakensis, M. heymonsi, M. nakkavaram, M. ninhthuanensis, and the possibility of unnamed lineage. In Sumatra, M. heymonsi is not only distributed from the north to south of the mainland but also in the adjacent islands in Nias. Regarding the taxonomic status of Sumatran population, here we used molecular and morphological data to evaluate the taxonomic status of the Sumatran M. heymonsi. The phylogenetic analyses show that the Sumatran M. heymonsi is closest to M. nakkavaram and strongly supported as a member of subgroup M. heymonsi along with other recognized species, i.e., M. daklakensis, M. heymonsi, M. nakkavaram, and M. ninhthuanensis. The morphological assessment of Sumatran M. heymonsi shows that they are suitable with the morphological characteristic of M. nakkavaram. Both molecular and morphological data strongly support that Sumatran M. heymonsi is identical to the M. nakkavaram from Nicobar Islands. Our results expanded the distribution of M. nakkavaram, not only in Nicobar Islands but also in Sumatra and its adjacent islands. In addition, the phylogenetic tree showed the supported clade of Nicobar and Sumatran M. nakkavaram as sister taxa of the possibly undescribed species from Singapore and Peninsular Malaysia. Further study of this undescribed species is urgent.

We evaluated the taxonomic status of the genus Megophrys in Sumatra using molecular and morphological data. Mitochondrial phylogenetic inference and morphological data revealed two undescribed species, one in southern Sumatra—M. selatanensis sp. nov. and one in northern Sumatra—M. acehensis sp. nov. We also detected a potential cryptic species within M. parallela, but refrain from describing this lineage here due to insufficient data. Genetic variation within Sumatran Megophrys is highly structured and will require additional geographic sampling to understand the interplay between geography and genetics in Sumatran Megophrys.

A tiny new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Microhyla is described from the island of Belitung and southeastern Sumatra, Indonesia. The most distinctive feature of the new frog is its diminutive adult size, snout-vent length ranging only from 12.3 to 15.8 mm in adult males. Phylogenetic analyses based a fragment of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene, along with detailed morphological and acoustic comparison differentiate the new taxon from all known congeners. The new species, formally described as Microhyla sriwijaya sp. nov., is a member of the M. achatina species group and the sister taxon to M. orientalis. It is diagnosable from other congeners by a combination of characters: (1) smaller male snout-vent size < 16 mm; (2) snout obtusely rounded in dorsal view; (3) absence of mid-dorsal line and skin fold; (4) first finger reduced (finger I length less than half of finger II length); (5) dorsum with a prominent dark median mark extending posteriorly, narrow anteriorly near the level of the shoulder and expanding dorsolaterally up to the vent; margins of the dorsal marking concave with broad reddish-brown or orange colouration on either side; (6) foot webbing rudimentary, reaching just up to the first subarticular tubercle on all toes; (7) dorsal skin with prominent tubercles, especially in life; (8) tibiotarsal articulation of adpressed limb reaching beyond the snout tip; and (9) males produce a single type of call with pulsatile temporal structure, calls of relatively short duration ranging between 31.8–62.8 s, with two to three pulses delivered at a rate ranging between 32.2–36.0 pulses per second, and the mean overall dominant frequency of 4.3 kHz. The uncorrected pairwise genetic distances between Microhyla sriwijaya sp. nov. and all other known congeners are > 3.8% for the studied 16S gene fragment. The new species was discovered from wayside rural areas with oil palm plantations at four localities in the small island of Belitung (type locality), and from coffee plantation and secondary forest at Lampung in southeastern Sumatra. It is not known from any protected area and appears to be threatened due to tin mining activity, intensive logging, oil palm, and other commonly practiced agriculture activities.

The bent-toed geckos of the genus Cyrtodactylus are the most speciose land vertebrates of Southeast Asia (about 300 species so far) and new species continue to be recognized at a rapid rate. Within the last decade three new species were described from Java, Indonesia, C. semiadii, C. petani, and C. klakahensis. The latter two are very similar, except for differences in the precloacal depression in adult males. These two species have relatively close type localities, separated from each other by only about 50 km, and with similar habitat type and elevation. Our study aimed to evaluate the taxonomic status of C. klakahensis and C. petani using both morphological and genetic evidence. These two species are genetically similar, with a genetic divergence of only 1.5 to 1.6%. This divergence is well below the level of typically characterizes sister species of Cyrtodactylus (approximately 4% in the mitochondrial ND2 gene), and is more in line with population variation due to geographic distance. Further examination of specimens, from both type localities, showed no diagnostic morphological characters between the two species. Thus, we conclude that C. klakahensis and C. petani are conspecific, and following article 23 of the ICZN, C. klakahensis is herein considered a junior synonym of C. petani.

Micryletta inornata is a complex species that is widely distributed from Sumatra to mainland Asia, including the Thai-Malay Peninsula and Indochina. Recently, this species was confirmed to be endemic to regions near the type locality in Sumatra, and the populations from other regions were suggested to be different species. We examined phenotypic and genotypic characters of the Sumatran populations and found an unnamed lineage in addition to the true M. inornata. The newly found lineage can be distinguished from M. inornata and other congeners by both molecular and morphological traits and has been named Micryletta sumatrana sp. nov. The new species is characterized by having a small body size, golden brown dorsum with scattered dark spots, dark brown ventrum with diffuse cream mottling, dark brown lateral head with cream spots on lips and the tympanum region extending to the axilla, and tibiotarsal articulation reaching to the front of the eye. We discuss the taxonomic status of so-called M. inornata occurring outside of its type locality, especially of M. inornata lineata.

Kurixalus absconditus sp. nov., a new species of tree frog of the genus Kurixalus, described from West Kalimantan on the basis of molecular phylogenetic and morphological evidence. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by a combination of following morphological characters: having smaller body size, more prominent of mandibular symphysis, skin smooth on throat, vomerine odontophores two oblique series touching anterior corner of choanae and widely separated, vomerine teeth thick, buccal cavity narrow and deep, choanae with teardrop shaped, single vocal slit, weakly crenulated dermal fringe on fore- and hindlimbs.

Within Sundaland, the species diversity of the genus Megophrys is richest in Borneo, with some species restricted to the northern highlands of the island. On the basis of molecular, morphological and acoustic evidence, we describe a new species of large-sized Megophrys, once confused with M. nasuta. The new species Megophrys kalimantanensis sp. nov. can be differentiated from all its congeners by large genetic distance more than 6.11% in the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene, much shorter rostral and orbital appendages, and unique advertisement call. This new species has been recorded from medium to high altitudes of mountain forest in southern and northernmost Borneo.