Erika Palacios-Rosas

Introduction: Pituitary macroadenomas may cause progressive neurological deficits due to compression of adjacent structures. Delayed diagnosis increases the risk of visual and endocrine complications. Case presentation: A 64-year-old male presented with a one-year history of right-sided headache, facial pain, and progressive visual field impairment. Initial evaluations attributed symptoms to dental pathology and later to trigeminal neuralgia. Neuroimaging performed more than one year after symptom onset revealed a 27× 35 × 31 mm parasellar pituitary macroadenoma. The patient underwent transcranial surgical resection, achieving subtotal tumor removal without postoperative neurological or endocrine deficits. Adjuvant radiotherapy was administered due to residual tumor. Histopathological examination confirmed a pituitary neuroendocrine tumor without atypia. Discussion: This case illustrates how delayed imaging assessment in patients with persistent unilateral headache and visual symptoms may postpone the diagnosis of intracranial tumors, leading to potentially preventable morbidity. Early neuroimaging should be considered when neurological warning signs are present.

This document presents a historical analysis of major industrial accidents in the chemical sector across the Americas, highlighting their causes, consequences, impact, and frequency. The analysis covers the Pan‐American region (North, Central, and South America) and reports results at the continental level. The regulations imposed by various organizations responsible for controlling and improving safety within the industry, such as the EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency), CEPA (Canadian Environmental Protection Act), and SAICM (Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management) are mentioned. The objective is to prevent as many accidents as possible in the chemical industry, as most of them are avoidable if effective strategies are implemented and adequate information and training are provided to all employees. This document will discuss and illustrate these points. Over 1300 industrial accidents were identified in the Americas between 1900 and 2025. North America accounted for the highest proportion of incidents among the three regions analyzed, representing 49.3% of all cases. South America followed with 26.7%, and Central America came in last, at 24.0%. Human error was the most frequent cause of these accidents, associated with 348 incidents. Accidents resulting from external events followed, totalling 276 cases. Instrumental or mechanical failure accounted for 191 recorded occurrences.

With the growing global interest in hydrogen as a renewable energy source, challenges and possibilities have surrounded the matters of hydrogen storage and transportation. Even as new technologies emerge, there are still many areas of opportunity for hydrogen as a renewable energy source. While the energy sector is seeking other alternatives, hydrogen has stood out for its transformative potential. However, due to its unique physical and chemical characteristics, the transportation and storage of this element is a delicate and complex task that requires innovative solutions. This paper looks into the applications, challenges, advances, opportunities, and safety measures in hydrogen transportation and storage, including its impact on the industrial sector.

To analyze the relationship between lactoferrin and COVID-19, a systematic review and meta-analysis of works published between 2020 and 2025 was carried out. The search strategy consisted of compiling research and review articles with the keywords COVID-19 and lactoferrin, COVID-19 and lactoferrin, SARS-COV-2 and lactoferrin, and SARS-COV-2 and lactoferrin in the databases of the search engines Elsevier, PubMed, and Google Scholar. In addition, these were classified depending on the type of study (e.g., in vivo, in vitro, both, or neither). PRISMA was used to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis. A total of 1531 articles were found, of which any duplicates were discarded, leaving 1234. A second database was created for strictly research and in vivo type articles, obtaining only 69 articles. Lactoferrin demonstrated a significant effect in reducing fatigue among COVID-19 patients, contributing to improved recovery and functional status—particularly in individuals with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. However, its impact on other symptoms did not reach statistical significance.

El síndrome de Zinner se caracteriza por ser una patología de origen congénito en la cual se observa una ausencia unilateral del riñón, presencia de quistes y obstrucción en los conductos eyaculatorios. Al ser diagnosticada en la etapa de actividad sexual de los pacientes, puede causar problemas en la sexualidad o en la reproductividad de la persona. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo realizar una revisión sistemática de casos clínicos reportados en la literatura entre el año 2013 a 2023. Se evaluaron 42 reportes de casos clínicos con dicho síndrome, con un total de 49 pacientes con una media de edad de 22.5 años, el 77.55 % de los pacientes presentaron quistes, ausencia del riñón derecho en el 44.90% de los pacientes, y el 91.84 % presentaron dolor. El tratamiento más común para esta patología es la laparoscopia (16.33 %) y en los casos revisados no se presentaron complicaciones ni decesos. El identificar las diferentes presentaciones de este síndrome podría mejorar la rapidez del diagnóstico, y garantizar un manejo efectivo, mejorando con ello la calidad de vida de los pacientes.

La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) es una enfermedad que cada día afecta a millones de personas en el mundo, y es considerada una patología es silenciosa ya que la mayoría de los pacientes comienzan a presentar síntomas una vez que se ha instaurado un daño a nivel celular en diversos tejidos. Una de las principales complicaciones de la DM2 es la retinopatía diabética. Por lo tanto, el objetivo del estudio es establecer la relación entre el tiempo de evolución de la DM2 con los grados de retinopatía diabética. Para esto, se realizó un estudio por muestreo no probabilístico a 58 pacientes con DM2. Los resultados mostraron que existe una relación significativa entre el tiempo de evolución de la DM2 y los grados de retinopatía, por lo que concluimos que una detección temprana de la enfermedad, así como un seguimiento oftalmológico oportuno es clave para salvaguardar la salud del paciente.

Chagas cardiomyopathy (CC), caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is an important cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in developing countries. It is estimated that 6 to 7 million people worldwide are infected, and it is predicted that it will be responsible for 200,000 deaths by 2025. The World Health Organization (WHO) considers Chagas disease (CD) as a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD), which must be acknowledged and detected in time, as it remains a clinical and diagnostic challenge in both endemic and non-endemic regions and at different levels of care. The literature on CC was analyzed by searching different databases (Medline, Cochrane Central, EMBASE, PubMed, Google Scholar, EBSCO) from 1968 until October 2022. Multicenter and bioinformatics trials, systematic and bibliographic reviews, international guidelines, and clinical cases were included. The reference lists of the included papers were checked. No linguistic restrictions or study designs were applied. This review is intended to address the current incidence and prevalence of CD and to identify the main pathogenic mechanisms, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of CC.