Antonina Broyaka

The purpose of the study is to provide a theoretical and methodological justification for approaches to assessing the environmental and economic efficiency of various types of economic activity based on comparing costs for environmental protection measures (waste management and soil and water protection) with the actual volume of environmental services provided. The study is based on the application of the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method as a nonparametric assessment tool. A graphical method was used to construct lines of technical efficiency and inefficiency, and the boundary lines. The analytical tools were supplemented by the calculation of coverage coefficients, as well as the author's development of two complementary indices: the index of the need to increase the volume of services (INIVS) and the imbalance coefficient (IF), based on which a matrix of the spatial distribution of industries was constructed. The study was conducted based on statistical data from Ukraine for 2023. A deep asymmetry of environmental and economic efficiency was revealed in the context of types of economic activity. It is proven that the agricultural sector (agriculture, forestry, and fisheries) and the extractive industry are in a state of critical inefficiency: the volume of their environmental protection costs exceeds the volume of implemented environmental services by a factor of 1,000. Instead, the processing industry, electricity supply, and water supply serve as benchmarks for efficiency. It has been established that the low efficiency of the agricultural sector is due not so much to a lack of funding as to a critically low level of actual implementation of environmental services in response to the costs incurred. The paper first proposes a complex matrix model for classifying types of economic activity by the level of environmental and economic efficiency and the nature of structural imbalance (INIVS × IF). The method for analyzing the operating environment is specifically adapted for assessing environmental costs (where the production factors are the costs of waste management and soil/water protection, and the result is the volume of environmental services). The proposed approach forms a universal toolkit for strategic management of environmental activities at the macro and meso levels. The distribution matrix allows state bodies and top management to identify "bottlenecks", justify targeted mechanisms for transferring positive experience from reference industries to problem ones, and also optimize the distribution of investments in the green economy (in particular, in the field of rational land use).

This work presents a review of the collective monograph “Sustainable development and circular economy: trends, innovations, prospects” prepared under the editorship of professors, doctors of sciences Roman Diakon (Latvia), Anatolii Kucher (Ukraine), Maria Heldak (Poland). The main trends, problems, innovations and prospects for sustainable development and the circular economy, as well as the contribution of the monograph to the development of scientific knowledge in the theory, methodology and practice of sustainability and the circular economy are revealed.

In this work, we propose a sustainable path-finding application for grain transportation during the ongoing Russian military invasion in Ukraine. This application is to build a suite of algorithms to find possible optimal paths for transporting grain that remains in Ukraine. The application uses the KNowledge Acquisition and Representation Methodology(KNARM) and the KnowWhereGraph to achieve this goal. Currently, we are working towards creating an ontology that will allow for a more effective heuristic approach by incorporating the lessons learned from the KnowWhereGraph. The aim is to enhance the path-finding process and provide more accurate and efficient results. In the future, we will continue exploring and implementing new techniques that can further improve the sustainability of the path-finding applications with a knowledge graph backend for grain transportation through hazardous and adversarial environments. The code is available upon reviewer’s request. It can not be made public due to the sensitive nature of the data.

The development of the world economy is accompanied by the emergence of new causal relationships that shape the conditions and determine the features of the economic development of the regions of Ukraine in a complex and changing environment. Modern economic development requires searching for new effective means of planning to increase the level of welfare as the basis for the socio-economic development of the state as a whole. To solve this problem, indicative planning methods can be used. The purpose of the study is to develop the directions of indicative planning to ensure the socio-economic development of the regions of Ukraine in the conditions of economic transformations. The object of research is the process of socio-economic development of the regions of Ukraine, which is based on the use indicative planning methods. Planning of social and economic development in the dynamic conditions of structural and organizational transformations of the national economy, starting the investment and innovation activity is an actual, complex and multifaceted problem. For its effective solution, it is necessary to use effective means of economic appraisal of expediency, effectiveness and risks of socio-economic transformations, as well as appropriate means of planning, which should include indicative planning. The use of indicative planning is an adequate means of establishing substantiated guidelines for balanced socio-economic development at the macro level. Usage of the indicative planning system in general is decided according to the principle: the market – as much as possible, the plan – as needed.