Byung Kwan Lee

Bridging material design with thin-film engineering, this review highlights strategies to overcome stability and scalability barriers in polymeric membranes for CO ₂ separation, accelerating their deployment for industrial decarbonization.

Fine control of ultramicroporosity (d < 0.5 Å) including CO₂/CH₄ and C₃H₆/C₃H₈ separations. More importantly, the developed HCMS material is successfully prepared into a thin‐film composite (TFC) membrane (≈1 µm), demonstrating its practical feasibility for use in industrial mixed‐gas operation conditions.

Incorporation of defects in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) offers new opportunities for manipulating their microporosity and functionalities. The so‐called “defect engineering” has great potential to tailor the mass transport properties in MOF/polymer mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for challenging separation applications, for example, CO₂ capture. This study first investigates the impact of MOF defects on the membrane properties of the resultant MOF/polymer MMMs for CO₂ separation. Highly porous defect‐engineered UiO‐66 nanoparticles are successfully synthesized and incorporated into a CO₂‐philic crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) matrix. A thorough joint experimental/simulation characterization reveals that defect‐engineered UiO‐66/PEGDA MMMs exhibit nearly identical filler–matrix interfacial properties regardless of the defect concentrations of their parental UiO‐66 filler. In addition, non‐equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations in tandem with gas transport studies disclose that the defects in MOFs provide the MMMs with ultrafast transport pathways mainly governed by diffusivity selectivity. Ultimately, MMMs containing the most defective UiO‐66 show the most enhanced CO₂/N₂ separation performance—CO₂ permeability = 470 Barrer (four times higher than pure PEGDA) and maintains CO₂/N₂ selectivity = 41—which overcomes the trade‐off limitation in pure polymers. The results emphasize that defect engineering in MOFs would mark a new milestone for the future development of optimized MMMs.