V. BOYaRINCEV

The article studies influence of COVID-19 on the course and outcomes of the acute myocardial infarction in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention.

The paper presents comparative assessment of the results of comprehensive combined and standard pharmacotherapy in the most grave surgical patients – those with extremely high risk of development of the venous thromboembolic complications. According to the results obtained the comprehensive combined pharmacotherapy is the most promising approach: the risk of acute venous thrombosis decreases by 0.9%, pulmonary embolism does not occur and bleedings caused by pharmacological impact on various biological substrates of the endothelial function are less frequent

Methods of VTEC prevention and preventive pharmacotherapy are applied. The results obtained will allow improvement of preventive pharmacotherapy for this category of patients and alleviate clinical course of the post-operative period for the most severe comorbid patients – those with endothelial dysfunction.

The study deals with clinical risk factors, analyzes their role in occurrence and clinical specifics of the clinical course of postoperative period in surgical patients at extremely high risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) on the Caprini scale. The results obtained demonstrate presence of the biological substrate of hemodynamic instability, more pronounced oxidative stress, delayed proliferation of endothelium with initial preoperational high risk of thrombosis or DIC syndrome development in comorbid patients with endothelial dysfunction. This increases the risk of sepsis, VTE and limits the possibility to increase the doses of coagulants in standard preventive therapy.

The paper is dedicated to the study of clinical manifestations of the myocardial infarction in the treatment of cardiac patients with the use of endovascular methods, their matching with the results of coronary angiography as well as development of the clinical methods of assessing lesions of the coronary arteries.

The article concerns the study of frequency and severity of the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in the patients of cardiac units in the general hospitals.

Myocardial infarction clinical pattern in patients entering hospital and selected for percutaneous coronary interventions, as well as to the study of possible clinical manifestations in the nearest period of the disease and development of measures for secondary prevention of complications

Endometriosis is one of the leading pathologies of the reproductive system of women of fertile age, which shows changes in cell metabolism in the lesions. We conducted a study of the cellular respiration according to the polarography and the mRNA content of the main metabolic proteins using qRT-PCR of intraoperative endometrial biopsies from patients in the control group and with different localizations of endometriosis (adenomyosis, endometrioma, pelvic peritoneum). In biopsy samples of patients with endometriomas and pelvic peritoneum endometriotic lesions, the rate of oxygen absorption was significantly reduced, and, moreover, in the extragenital case, there was a shift to succinate utilization. The mRNA content of the cytochrome c, cytochrome c oxidase, and ATP synthase was also reduced, but hexokinase HK2 as well as pyruvate kinase were significantly higher than in the control. These oxidative phosphorylation and gene expression profiles suggest the Warburg effect and a shift in metabolism toward glycolysis. For adenomyosis, on the contrary, cellular respiration was significantly higher than in the control group due to the terminal region of the respiratory chain, ATP synthase, and its mRNA was increased as well. These data allow us to suggest that the therapeutic strategies of endometriosis based on modulation energy metabolism should take lesion localization into account.

The impact of weightlessness on the female reproductive system remains poorly understood, although deep space exploration is impossible without the development of effective measures to protect women’s health. The purpose of this work was to study the effect of a 5-day “dry” immersion on the state of the reproductive system of female subjects. On the fourth day of the menstrual cycle after immersion, we observed an increase in inhibin B of 35% (p < 0.05) and a decrease in luteinizing hormone of 12% (p < 0.05) and progesterone of 52% (p < 0.05) compared with the same day before immersion. The size of the uterus and the thickness of the endometrium did not change. On the ninth day of the menstrual cycle after immersion, the average diameters of the antral follicles and the dominant follicle were, respectively, 14% and 22% (p < 0.05) higher than before. The duration of the menstrual cycle did not change. The obtained results may indicate that the stay in the 5-day “dry” immersion, on the one hand, can stimulate the growth of the dominant follicle, but, on the other hand, can cause functional insufficiency of the corpus lutea.

Transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) provides a powerful tool for the management of multiple tissue injuries. However, poor survival of exogenous cells at the site of injury is a major complication that impairs MSC therapeutic efficacy. It has been found that tissue-oxygen adaptation or hypoxic pre-conditioning of MSCs could improve the healing process. Here, we investigated the effect of low oxygen tension on the regenerative potential of bone-marrow MSCs. It turned out that incubation of MSCs under a 5% oxygen atmosphere resulted in increased proliferative activity and enhanced expression of multiple cytokines and growth factors. Conditioned growth medium from low-oxygen-adapted MSCs modulated the pro-inflammatory activity of LPS-activated macrophages and stimulated tube formation by endotheliocytes to a much higher extent than conditioned medium from MSCs cultured in a 21% oxygen atmosphere. Moreover, we examined the regenerative potential of tissue-oxygen-adapted and normoxic MSCs in an alkali-burn injury model on mice. It has been revealed that tissue-oxygen adaptation of MSCs accelerated wound re-epithelialization and improved the tissue histology of the healed wounds in comparison with normoxic MSC-treated and non-treated wounds. Overall, this study suggests that MSC adaptation to ‘physiological hypoxia’ could be a promising approach for facilitating skin injuries, including chemical burns.