Mabrouk Mosbahi

Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) lattice structures manufactured using fused filament fabrication (FFF) are promising for lightweight and energy-absorbing applications. The current work investigates the cyclic compressive response of body-centered cubic (BCC) and face-centered cubic (FCC) TPU lattices through varying cell size, strut diameter, maximum compressive strain, and number of loading–unloading cycles. Specific quasi-elastic modulus, specific compressive stress at 20% strain, specific energy absorption, and energy dissipation efficiency were quantified. Four multivariable statistical models were elaborated to predict these responses and revealed high predictive accuracy in validation. Gibson-Ashby power-law relationships served to compare BCC and FCC architectures at equivalent relative densities. At a maximum compressive strain of 30% and four loading-unloading cycles, FCC displayed higher values for all investigated responses. As relative density rose from 0.1 to 0.7, FCC improvements dropped from 122% to 18% for specific quasi-elastic modulus, 74% to 34% for specific compressive stress, 50% to 36% for specific energy absorption, and 17% to approximately 8% for energy dissipation efficiency. These findings quantify the architecture-dependent cyclic performance of TPU lattices and provide predictive relationships for the investigated responses.

Groundwater salinization is a major cause of groundwater quality degradation in semi‐arid regions, primarily driven by evaporation and water–rock interaction. To better understand these processes, this study investigates the hydrochemical controls on groundwater mineralization in the Oued El Hjal basin (central Tunisia), where the mean total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration reaches 3111 mg/L, exceeding the World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water guideline. A combined multiple linear regression (MLR) and partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS‐SEM) approach, supported by saturation indices and Piper and Gibbs diagrams, was applied to identify the main salinization drivers. MLR identified Cl ⁻ , SO ₄ ²⁻ , Na ⁺ , Ca ²⁺ and Mg ²⁺ as the principal contributors to TDS variability. PLS‐SEM confirmed strong associations with TDS, with Cl ⁻ showing the highest standardized effect ( β = 0.954), followed by Mg ²⁺ , Ca ²⁺ , Na ⁺ and SO ₄ ²⁻ , indicating dominant evaporite dissolution. Saturation indices confirmed active halite and gypsum dissolution, while Piper and Gibbs diagrams classified groundwater as Ca–Mg–Cl–SO ₄ type, governed by rock–water interaction and evaporative concentration. Nitrate exceeded WHO guidelines but was not significantly associated with mineralization. This integrated framework supports groundwater salinity assessment and irrigation water management in semi‐arid aquifers.

Flow behavior can be changed by parameters such as fluid properties, geometry, and operating conditions. This paper presents a 2D numerical analysis of incompressible fluid flow in a channel with either a circular or square cylinder using the multiple relaxation time Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM-MRT). All simulations are performed at a fixed Reynolds number of Re = 100. A parabolic velocity profile is imposed at the inlet, while no-slip boundary conditions are adopted at the channel walls and obstacle surfaces. The numerical model is validated by comparing the mean drag coefficient with findings in the literature. Subsequently, the effects of obstacle shape, size, and position on the flow behavior and hydrodynamic forces are investigated. The effects of three obstacle sizes and three distinct positions are investigated for circular and square geometries under identical flow conditions. The results show that increasing the obstacle size modifies the flow and wake structure, and affects the drag and lift coefficients. Compared with the circular obstacle, the square obstacle creates stronger flow disturbances because of its sharp corners. The results also highlight the important effects of obstacle shape, size, and position on the flow characteristics and hydrodynamic coefficients.

Flow behavior can be affected by several parameters such as fluid properties, geometries shapes and work conditions. This paper attempts to present 2D numerical analysis of an incompressible fluid flow around circular and square cylinders using the lattice Boltzmann method with multiple relaxation time model (LBM-MRT). All simulations are carried out for fixed Reynolds number Re=100. Parabolic velocity profile was imposed in the channel entrance, while no-slip boundary conditions are adopted for walls and zero momentum flux in the outlet. Effects of obstacle shape, position, and dimensions on the lift and drag coefficients are studied and discussed. The combined consideration of these obstacle parameters for the two different geometries provides insight into their coupled influence on confinement effects and wake development. It was found that values of the drag coefficient around cylinder increase by increasing the cylinder hydraulic diameter and as position approaches the outlet.

The development of sustainable building materials from renewable resources has attracted growing attention as an alternative to conventional fossil-based materials. The currant study investigates the effect of alkali-treated Juncus effusus fibers on the thermophysical and mechanical properties of plaster composites. Fibers were treated with a 3% NaOH solution for 4 h at ambient temperature before being incorporated into the plaster matrix at different mass fractions. The resulting composites were characterized in terms of density, thermal conductivity, sound propagation velocity, flexural strength, and compressive strength. Compared to conventional plaster, the optimized composite exhibited a 29% increase in flexural strength and a 25% increase in compressive strength, while its density decreased by 21%. In addition, thermal conductivity and sound propagation velocity were reduced by 45% and 40%, respectively, indicating an improved thermal and acoustic insulation. These improvements are attributed to the reinforcing effect of the treated Juncus effusus fibers within the plaster matrix. The results demonstrated that Juncus effusus-reinforced plaster is a lightweight material with improved mechanical properties and high thermal efficiency, making it a promising candidate for sustainable building applications, particularly for thermal insulation.

This numerical study investigates the thermo-hydraulic and thermodynamic performance of a rectangular-channel heat exchanger incorporating isothermal circular tubes, with particular emphasis on geometric design strategies suitable for compact thermal systems. Two configurations with identical total heat transfer surfaces are analyzed: baseline geometry comprising four aligned tubes (G1) and an optimized geometry consisting of eight tubes arranged in two parallel rows (G2) maintaining the same exchange surface. Laminar forced convection is also considered. For the baseline configuration, results show a pronounced thermal shadowing effect, leading to a reduction of nearly 50% in the heat transfer contribution of downstream tubes.In contrast, optimized geometry significantly improves flow redistribution and temperature field uniformity. An optimal inter-row spacing, equal to 0.1, is identified as a robust design parameter, maximizing the total average Nusselt number. At this spacing, all heated surfaces actively contribute to heat transfer, resulting on an overall heat transfer enhancement of approximately 20–40% compared to the baseline configuration. Entropy production analysis shows that increasing Re strongly intensifies thermal irreversibility, while viscous irreversibility exhibits a moderate increase. The impact of nanoparticles addition, carried out on the optimal configuration of G2, shows that heat transfer increases by about 8% for a nanoparticle concentration of 4% at high Re values, with an insignificant change in the Bejan number. The present findings demonstrate that geometric optimization represents a more effective and energetically sustainable enhancement strategy than nanofluid addition for compact tubular heat exchangers.

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is increasingly essential for trustworthy decision‐making in wind energy systems, particularly for anomaly detection and condition monitoring using SCADA data. While recent studies have achieved high accuracy in short‐term power forecasting, they often rely on black‐box models and fail to account for long‐term structural fatigue. This study proposes a physics‐informed and explainable hybrid framework for anomaly detection and fatigue assessment in wind turbines using SCADA data from the Yalova wind farm (Turkey). The proposed approach integrates a random forest–XGBoost stacking ensemble with a Palmgren–Miner‐based fatigue index to capture cumulative structural degradation under variable wind conditions. Hyperparameter optimization is performed using Optuna to enhance model performance. To improve model transparency, both global and local explainability techniques are incorporated, including the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) for global feature importance analysis and LIME for instance‐level interpretation. The proposed framework achieved very high predictive performance, with an F1‐score of 0.9992, recall of 0.9996, precision of 0.9989, and ROC–AUC of 1.0000. Precision–recall analysis further confirmed strong performance under a class imbalance condition. These results should, however, be interpreted with caution, as the anomaly labels are derived from threshold‐based criteria applied to SCADA variables. An ablation study reveals a trade‐off between predictive accuracy and physical consistency, showing that the integration of fatigue‐related features enhances interpretability and alignment with mechanical degradation processes. SHAP and LIME analyses highlight wind speed and power deviation as primary drivers of anomalies, modulated by fatigue accumulation effects. The proposed framework provides a transparent and physically grounded approach that supports condition monitoring and contributes to more informed maintenance decision‐making in wind energy systems.

For human welfare, electrical power is necessary. For many years, there has been a great deal of interest in wind energy because it is a clean, sustainable energy source. Because of its cheaper cost and independence from wind direction, the Savonius vertical axis wind rotor has the advantage of being suitable for certain implementations as an energy converter. Several studies have been carried out to increase its efficiency. In this paper, a novel blade design of a twisted Savonius wind rotor has been investigated numerically with the intention of performance betterment. Three-dimensional unsteady simulations were performed deploying Ansys Fluent using the Shear Stress Transport k-ω turbulence model based on the finite volume method solver. The wind flow aerodynamic characteristics in addition to the rotor performance properties were acquired and analyzed. The numerical model was validated based on findings taken from experimental tests performed on a 3-D printed twisted rotor in a wind tunnel. An improvement in the power coefficient by 22.58 % was recorded with the novel blade design over the twisted Savonius wind rotor. The obtained findings could provide further direction for researchers to use the twisted Savonius wind turbine in power generation.

Global greenhouse gas emissions are mostly caused by the production of energy extracted from fossil fuels sources. Indeed, the use of renewable clean energy has become crucial to supply the world demand while protecting the planet. For many years, there has been a great deal of interest in wind energy because it is a clean, sustainable energy source. Because of its cheaper cost and independence from wind direction, the Savonius vertical axis wind rotor has the advantage of being suitable for certain implementations as an energy converter. Several studies have been carried out to increase its efficiency from this angle. This research work emphasizes on the Savonius wind rotor numerical model performances. The main goal is to explore the impact of setting the numerical model parameters on its aerodynamic and performance characteristics. Ansys Fluent software 17.0 was utilized to perform numerical simulations utilizing the unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) equations. The mesh sizing, the turbulence model as well as the time step parameters were investigated. The numerical model validation was realized through published experimental findings available in the literature for an inlet wind velocity of 6 ms-1. Good accordance was obtained. Thus the numerical model with the selected parameters was relevant for further investigations. For a tip speed ratio λ=0.64 it gave a torque and power coefficients equal to 0.328 and 0.2, respectively.