Hasan Tutar

This study examines whether renewable energy project delivery across the European Union can be accelerated without weakening institutional legitimacy and procedural justice, focusing on permitting design, grid connection governance, public‐sector policy capacity and justice and participation quality as the institutional conditions that shape delivery outcomes. A balanced country‐year panel of 275 observations for 25 European Union countries during 2015–2025 is constructed from ENTSO‐E, ACER, V‐Dem and World Bank sources, and the resulting Permitting Design Index, Grid Connection Bottleneck Index, policy‐capacity measure, and Justice and Participation Quality index are analysed using fixed‐effects, dynamic‐panel system‐GMM, instrumental‐variable, bootstrap mediation and moderation models. Stronger permitting design is associated with a lower share of projects scheduled beyond 2030, and this association operates partly through grid connection governance and public‐sector policy capacity, while strengthening further where procedural justice and participation mechanisms are more developed. These patterns indicate that administrative acceleration advances climate and clean‐energy objectives only when it is embedded in capable, coordinated and legitimate institutions, which challenges the assumption that participatory safeguards necessarily slow renewable deployment. The study identifies the institutional pathways linking formal climate‐policy ambition to implementation outcomes, and the findings imply that progress towards SDGs 7 and 13 should be pursued together with the participatory and accountable institutions embodied in SDG 16, with permitting deadlines combined with transparent queue management, adequately resourced administrations and early, fair participation.

Purpose: This study aims to examine the relationship between institutional quality indicators – management effectiveness, rule of law, and regulatory quality – and the intensity of school–university partnership (SUP) collaboration across Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries, and to compare how this relationship differs between Western Europe and transition economies. Design/methodology/approach: The study adopted a cross-sectional comparative design covering 29 OECD countries. The SUP Collaboration Intensity Index, constructed from the Teaching and Learning International Survey 2024 scale scores, was used as the dependent variable. Independent variables were obtained from the World Bank World Governance Indicators (WGI, 2023). The analyses included ordinary least squares regression with heteroskedasticity-resistant standard errors (HC3), the Mann-Whitney U test, and bootstrap confidence intervals. Findings: Regulatory quality was the only statistically significant predictor of SUP cooperation intensity (ß = 0.012, p = 0.033, R2 = 0.093). Management efficiency and rule of law remain in the expected direction but below the statistical threshold. The difference in institutional capacity between Western Europe and transition economies has been documented with a large effect size (Cohen's d = 1.297, p = 0.010). Transition economies are not homogeneous; with the effect of European Union membership, Estonia and Lithuania are converging toward the Western European pattern, exhibiting minimal institutional barriers. Originality/value: This study is among those that apply mechanisms from institutional theory to the SUP sustainability literature, using a systematic, comparative, empirical design in the context of transition economies. It provides the first international comparative evidence documenting that regulatory quality is the primary institutional driver operating through compelling isomorphism.

Purpose: This study aims to examine whether natural resource rents are associated with greater or lower political stability in fragile and conflict-affected economies, and tests the rule of law as the institutional condition that conditions this association. The aim is to clarify when resource wealth becomes a source of stability rather than conflict. Design/methodology/approach: The sample draws on 45 economies from the World Bank Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations list over 2008–2023, forming an unbalanced panel whose estimation sample reduces to 32 countries after listwise deletion. Fixed-effects regression with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors addresses cross-sectional dependence, and a specification with a lagged dependent variable captures the persistence of political stability. Marginal associations across the observed institutional range, together with the rule-of-law value at which the sign of the rents association reverses, are reported alongside the interaction estimate. Findings: Resource rents alone show no significant association with political stability, whereas the rule of law shows a strong direct association and a positive interaction with resource rents. The marginal association between rents and stability is negative across most of the observed institutional range. It turns positive only above a rule-of-law score of about −0.48, which lies roughly 0.85 standard deviations above the sample mean, so the stabilizing configuration applies to a minority of the fragile economies studied. Political stability also displays marked persistence over time. Originality/value: The study refines the institutional resource-curse literature by showing that the rule of law is the binding condition under which resource rents support stability in fragile states. Circular diplomacy is retained as a forward-looking governance agenda whose feasibility rests on the legal conditions identified here, not as a mechanism tested in the present design.

Achieving sustainable industrial development requires a greater understanding of how circular economy capabilities interact with environmental policy instruments. This study examines whether circular material use directly reduces manufacturing emission intensity and whether it strengthens the decarbonization effects of environmental taxation and renewable energy deployment. Drawing on the natural resource‐based view and Porter's hypothesis, the analysis uses a balanced panel of 27 European Union Member States covering 2013–2023. Panel threshold estimation is combined with Driscoll–Kraay fixed effects, dynamic panel estimation, and method‐of‐moments quantile regression to address cross‐sectional dependence, endogeneity, and heterogeneous effects. The continuous‐threshold test does not confirm a statistically significant nonlinear relationship between circular material use and manufacturing emission intensity. Nevertheless, an estimated circular material use rate of 11.20% represents an economically meaningful regime divider. Above this level, manufacturing emission intensity is approximately 3.3% lower, while the emission‐reducing effect of environmental taxation is around 33% stronger than in the low‐circularity regime. Renewable energy reduces manufacturing emissions in both regimes, indicating that its contribution operates independently of circular material use. The findings reposition circularity from a standalone decarbonization instrument to an enabling capability that improves the effectiveness of complementary fiscal policies. The study contributes to sustainable development research by demonstrating that progress toward SDGs 9, 12, and 13 depends on coordinated policy mixes rather than isolated improvements in material circularity. EU Member States with weak circular capabilities should prioritize recycling, reverse logistics, and secondary‐material infrastructure before intensifying environmental taxation. At the same time, renewable energy deployment can proceed simultaneously across all circularity regimes.

Corporate climate commitments are commonly evaluated by their eventual emissions outcomes, leaving a strategically prior question underexamined: how firms reconfigure the resource architecture of value creation to deliver those outcomes. We conceptualize adoption of an externally validated science-based emissions target as a strategic commitment that can trigger sustainable business model innovation by reshaping the resources through which value is created, while recognizing that resource reconfiguration is only one component of business model change. Using 1,812 large research-active corporations observed from 2016 to 2024, including 788 adopters of validated targets, we estimate staggered treatment effects with the group-time average treatment effect framework and entropy balancing on pre-adoption characteristics. Adoption shifts investment composition toward deployable physical capital by 0.807 percentage points of sales, mainly through higher capital expenditure, while profitability gains emerge only after the third post-adoption year. Formal heterogeneity tests show that digital intensity does not significantly increase the scale of reallocation, but digitally intensive adopters realize a 2.337-point larger profitability gain. Institutional context matters more strongly: research intensity falls by 1.200 points among U.S. firms but rises by 1.748 points among European firms. The results show that digital capability primarily conditions the efficiency of strategic reconfiguration, whereas institutional context conditions its direction. This advances sustainable business model innovation research by identifying climate commitment as a trigger whose strategic consequences depend on the capabilities and institutions surrounding implementation.

Bu çalışma, bireylerin dijital ortamlarda yaşadıkları sosyal ve duygusal izolasyon düzeylerini ölçmek amacıyla Dijital Yalnızlık Ölçeği'ni (DİYÖ) geliştirmek ve psikometrik özelliklerini test etmek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçek geliştirme sürecinde, dijital iletişim, siberpsikoloji ve yalnızlık konularında kapsamlı literatür taraması yapılarak 78 maddelik taslak form hazırlanmış, içerik geçerliliği uzman görüşleriyle sağlanmıştır. Taslak ölçek, çevrim içi anket yöntemiyle 196 katılımcıya pilot uygulanmış ve Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) sonucunda faktör yükü düşük veya çapraz yüklenen maddeler çıkarılarak ölçek 25 madde ve üç faktörlü bir yapıya kavuşturulmuştur. Bu yapı, 303 katılımcıdan elde edilen verilerle yeniden AFA ile doğrulanmış ve ardından Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi ile test edilmiştir. Uyum indekslerinin kabul edilebilir düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ölçüt geçerliliği amacıyla UCLA Yalnızlık Ölçeği ve Genelleştirilmiş Sorunlu İnternet Kullanım Ölçeği ile korelasyonlar incelenmiş; dijital yalnızlığın genel yalnızlık ve sorunlu internet kullanımıyla pozitif, yaşam doyumuyla negatif yönde ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Yakınsak ve ayrışan geçerlik analizleri, Fornell-Larcker kriteri ve Heterotrait-Monotrait oranlarıyla desteklenmiştir. Cronbach's alfa, bileşik güvenirlik ve ortalama varyans açıklaması değerleri, ölçeğin yüksek düzeyde geçerli ve güvenilir olduğunu göstermiştir. Analizler sonucunda faktörler "Gerçek Dünyadan Kopuş Boyutu", "Dijital İletişimde Tatminsizlik Boyutu" ve "Dijital İlişkilerde Yüzeysellik Boyutu" olarak adlandırılmış ve DİYÖ'nün dijital yalnızlık düzeylerini ölçmede kullanılabilecek güçlü bir ölçme aracı olduğu ortaya konmuştur.

Purpose: This study examines how the intensity of circular economy business models in European listed real estate companies relates to portfolio-level net-zero performance, and how net-zero portfolio strategies and green leases shape this relationship. Design/methodology/approach: A multi-year unbalanced panel dataset is constructed for 108 EU-27 and UK listed property companies (827 firm-year observations, 2011–2021) by combining GRESB Real Estate Assessment benchmarks and audited financial reports. Fixed-effects panel models are estimated, along with mediation and moderation analyses and extensive robustness checks across alternative net-zero and carbon-intensity indicators. Because GRESB participation is voluntary, the estimation sample is limited to firms that elect to report, and the reported associations describe patterns within GRESB-reporting portfolios rather than the broader population of unlisted or non-reporting property companies. Findings: The results indicate that circularity is systematically associated with lower operational energy and carbon intensity. Specifically, a one-unit increase in the CBM Intensity Index (range: 10–35%) is associated with a 2.5% reduction in energy intensity. Net-zero portfolio strategy partially mediates this relationship (45.8% of the total effect), and green lease adoption amplifies it. The CBM–net-zero association is significantly stronger in office-dominated portfolios. Research limitations/implications: This study's reliance on panel data from large, listed European real estate firms limits the generalisability of its findings and precludes strong causal claims. The data, derived from secondary sources, may also contain reporting biases. Future research should employ more granular, project-level data and longitudinal designs to validate these findings. Investigating a broader range of variables, including financing structures and governance quality, across different asset types and geographic markets would provide a more comprehensive understanding of the interplay between circular business models and decarbonisation in the real estate sector. Practical implications: For property managers and investors, this research underscores the practical benefits of integrating circular business models into portfolio strategy. Adopting practices such as adaptive reuse, flexible space design, and service-based leases is not merely a sustainability initiative but a key driver of financial and environmental performance. These strategies directly contribute to reducing operational energy and carbon intensity, thereby future-proofing assets against climate-related risks and enhancing their long-term value. Implementing green lease agreements can further align tenant and owner interests, accelerating the transition to a net-zero, circular real estate portfolio. Social implications: The transition towards circular business models in real estate carries significant social implications. It fosters a shift in the labour market, creating demand for skilled professionals in retrofitting, sustainable design, and material lifecycle management. By prioritising the adaptive reuse of existing buildings over new construction, this approach can contribute to urban regeneration and the preservation of cultural heritage. Furthermore, the development of more energy-efficient, flexible, and healthier buildings enhances the well-being of occupants and can lead to more resilient and equitable communities and sustainable communities. Originality/value: This research provides rare multi-country portfolio-level evidence that directly links circular business model intensity to decarbonisation performance, offering strategic and policy guidance for asset managers and institutional real estate investors operating under CSRD and EU Taxonomy obligations. Findings are interpreted as conditional associations within the GRESB-reporting segment of the European listed property sector, not as causal or population-wide effects.