Cynthia Nicholson

High‐flow vascular malformations have been associated with multiple syndromes including capillary malformation–arteriovenous malformation (CM–AVM) syndrome, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia syndrome, and less commonly, phosphatase and tensin homolog hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS). We present a series of three patients with clinically challenging complex AVMs who were found to have underlying PHTS. In all patients, diagnosis was delayed, and the presence of the AVM prompted sampling and genetic testing for PHTS in the absence of other clinical features of the condition. This series highlights the importance of screening for PHTS in the setting of high‐flow vascular malformations.

For infantile hemangiomas (IH) requiring treatment, including those in high‐risk locations or in the setting of ulceration, oral propranolol is first‐line therapy. Here, we present three cases of infantile hemangioma with worsening ulceration following initiation or escalation of oral propranolol at standard doses.

Capillary malformation‐arteriovenous malformation (CM‐AVM) syndrome is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by multifocal, noncontiguous pink patches on the skin that often have a surrounding pale halo. In some cases, an association with a fast flow, arteriovenous malformation (AVM) can be identified. Here, we describe a case report of a 16‐year‐old woman with CM‐AVM syndrome and significant cardiac compromise successfully treated with trametinib, a mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitor.

Reactive infectious mucocutaneous eruption (RIME) was proposed as new terminology to encompass postinfectious mucocutaneous eruptions. The term includes all postinfectious mucocutaneous eruptions such as the widely reported Mycoplasma pneumoniae‐induced rash and mucositis (MIRM). Very few reports in the literature regarding recurrent RIME are found. We present two adolescent cases of recurrent RIME that involve SARS‐CoV‐2 and influenza A where the latter is a newly reported infectious trigger; in both patients, the initial episode was likely triggered by Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection.