Lei Guo

To address pipeline blockages and corrosion caused by moss, this study evaluates the effectiveness of two treatments, Isothiazolinone (IS) and layered double hydroxide–sodium pyrithione (LDH-SPT) modified hydrophobic resin membranes, in preventing moss growth. Furthermore, we closely examined how IS works at a molecular level to stop moss growth. The sequencing results revealed that the predominant algae identified in the pipeline moss community was a norank species of Trebouxiophyceae, accounting for 75.79%. Tests show that IS has strong moss inhibition. It works at low doses (0.2%) and becomes even more effective as the concentration increases. Furthermore, IS remains highly effective at inhibiting moss within a modified hydrophobic resin membrane, but its corrosion resistance is poor. The LDH-SPT@IS composite modified hydrophobic resin membrane addresses the corrosion problem of using IS alone and still works very well at inhibiting moss. Finally, the mechanism of IS’s inhibition of moss was elucidated based on experiments and existing literature. It functions by disrupting moss cellular DNA structure and interfering with the mitochondrial electron transport chain. This research provides the basis for developing efficient, durable, and eco-friendly solutions to prevent pipeline corrosion and moss growth, paving the way for new technologies and materials.

As an essential trace element in the human body, fluoride is beneficial in appropriate amounts, but excessive intake can cause serious harm. Therefore, addressing the global water pollution caused by fluoride is an urgent issue. In this study, a functional composite membrane is successfully prepared using Enteromorpha prolifera (EP) as the raw material, cinnamaldehyde (CIN) as a functional modifier, and EP-bioinduced ZrO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) as the loading material via biomimetic mineralization technology. The experimental results demonstrate that the composite membrane removes fluoride ions (F⁻) with an efficiency of over 99.9% within the concentration range of 100–400 mg/L. This excellent F⁻ removal performance is attributed to the ability of the hydroxyl groups on the surface of ZrO₂ to exchange and bind with F⁻. The formed CIN/EP-ZrO₂ composite membrane also reveals significant antibacterial activity against E. coli. In addition, the adsorption rate for methylene blue at the concentration of 5–300 mg/L reaches 99.99%, which is due to the synergistic interaction of functional groups such as hydroxyl (-OH), carboxyl (-COOH), and amino groups (-NH₂) in EP. The overall sustainability footprint (OSF) assessment exhibits that the CIN/EP-ZrO₂ composite membrane has comprehensive advantages, including a simple preparation process, low cost, high performance, and environmental friendliness. This study provides an innovative solution for the sustainable treatment of F⁻, bacteria, and dye pollution in water, showcasing significant potential for applications in environmental science.

With the continuous expansion of urban areas, the treatment of urban sewage is facing significant challenges. Tens of thousands of tons of municipal sludge (MS) are produced annually, which not only occupies substantial land resources but also poses potential environmental threats, thereby complicating wastewater treatment processes. Proper management of MS has thus become a critical issue requiring urgent attention. Meanwhile, water pollution continues to worsen, endangering both ecological systems and human health. MS contains a variety of organic compounds with active functional groups capable of forming strong coordination interactions with various waterborne pollutants. Building on this foundation, we successfully develop a multifunctional adsorbent using MS as the raw material through biomineralization. The synthesized adsorbent shows outstanding performance, exhibiting high adsorption capacity for fluoride (F⁻) and hexavalent uranium (U(VI)) in high-fluorine uranium-containing wastewater, effectively reducing the concentrations of these harmful substances. Additionally, the adsorbent shows strong affinity for the cationic dye methylene blue, making it highly suitable for the treatment of wastewater from the printing and dyeing industries. Notably, the adsorbent also possesses antibacterial properties, demonstrating significant bactericidal activity against Gram-negative E. coli in wastewater. The multifunctional adsorbent not only offers a novel solution to enhancing water quality and safety, but also represents a promising strategy for sustainable wastewater treatment.

An abnormal level of dopamine (DA), a kind of neurotransmitter, correlates with a series of diseases, including Parkinson’s disease, Willis-Ekbom disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and schizophrenia. Hence, it is imperative to achieve a precise, rapid detection method in clinical medicine. In this study, we synthesized nanocomposite carbon aerogels (CAs) doped with iron and iron carbide, based on algae residue-derived biomass materials, using Fe(NO₃)₃ as the iron source. The modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for DA detection, denoted as CAs-Fe/GCE, was prepared through surface modification with this composite material. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction characterization confirmed the successful doping of iron into the as-prepared CAs. Additionally, the electrochemical behavior of DA on the modified electrode surface was investigated and the results demonstrate that the addition of the CAs-Fe promoted the electron transfer rate, thereby enhancing their sensing performance. The fabricated electrochemical DA biosensor exhibits an accurate detection of DA in the concentration within the range of 0.01~200 µM, with a detection limit of 0.0033 µM. Furthermore, the proposed biosensor is validated in real samples, showing its high applicability for the detection of DA in beverages.