Rosana Andréia da Silva Rocha

The response of fertilizer sources containing wood ash to liming is still poorly understood in tropical soils. The objective was to evaluate the effects of wood ash and organomineral fertilizers whether or not combined with liming on the chemical properties of an Oxisol following the harvest of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) cv. BRS Guariba. The field experiment was conducted in randomized blocks with four replicates, using a 5 × 2 factorial design: no fertilizer (NF), mineral fertilizer (MF), wood ash (WA), simple-mixture organomineral fertilizer (SMOF), and pelletized organomineral fertilizer (POF), with (WL) or without liming (NL). Soil samples were collected after harvest. WA and SMOF reduced acidity and increased P, K, Ca, and Mg content without liming, while POF exhibited the highest P, K, and Ca contents when combined with limestone. Under liming conditions, POF reached 93.85 mg kg⁻¹ of P, 286.14 mg kg⁻¹ of K, 2.56 cmolc kg⁻¹ of Ca, and 64.32% base saturation. The results demonstrate that the response of ash-containing sources depends on liming management: WA and SMOF favored soil chemical properties under natural acidity, while POF performed better when combined with limestone.

Marandu grass is the grass plant among the most planted forages in Brazil because of its high biomass production, adaptability to diverse edaphoclimatic conditions, and nutritional value (Mendes an...

A produtividade e a qualidade do trigo podem ser influenciadas pela nutrição de plantas, sendo a interação entre nitrogênio e enxofre importantes na melhoria da qualidade da cultura. Objetivou-se verificar o efeito da interação entre nitrogênio e enxofre no desempenho agronômico e na qualidade tecnológica do trigo irrigado em condições do Cerrado do Estado de Mato Grosso. O experimento foi instalado em área experimental da Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. quatro repetições. As doses de nitrogênio (N) testadas foram 0, 70, 140, 210 e 280 kg ha-1, e as doses de enxofre (S) foram 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100 kg ha-1, totalizando13 tratamentos através das combinações entre os 2 nutrientes. As variáveis analisadas foram referentes ao desempenho agronômico e qualidade tecnológica dos grãos. O modelo de superfície de resposta e os termos (linear, quadrático e interação) foram avaliados por meio da análise de variância (ANOVA) e da verificação da falta de ajuste (Lack of fit), utilizando o teste F (p<0,05). Nos casos em que os critérios de seleção do modelo de superfície de resposta não foram atendidos, foram estudados analisados os efeitos isolados e interação dos fatores, utilizando a análise de regressão polinomial. Para a significância dos efeitos, foram considerados o teste F (p<0,05) da ANOVA e o teste t de Student (p<0,05). O desempenho agronômico e a qualidade tecnológica do trigo irrigado cultivado sob condições do Cerrado são influenciados pelas doses de nitrogênio entre 176 a 280 kg ha-1 e enxofre entre 38 à 100 kg ha-1

This study pioneers the integration of the water sensitivity coefficient (Ky) with cotton yield performance under varying water regimes in the Brazilian Cerrado. The objective was to evaluate the productive performance and fiber yield of cotton cultivars under different water regimes during the tropical dry season. The experiment followed a randomized block design in a 5 × 4 factorial scheme with four replications, totaling 80 plots. Treatments consisted of five irrigation levels based on crop evapotranspiration (25%, 50%, 75%, 100% and 125% of ETc) and four cultivars (TMG44B2RF, FM944GL, IMA5801B2RF and IMA709B2RF). Increasing water supply enhanced cotton lint yield, reaching 3209.4 kg ha⁻¹ at the highest regime. Water regimes between 25 and 125% of the ETc significantly improved yield components, leading to an increase of up to 221% in lint yield. Fiber quality remained stable across irrigation levels and was mainly genotype-dependent. Among the cultivars, FM944GL showed high productivity and fiber yield, while IMA5801B2RF demonstrated greater water resilience (Ky = 0.73), making it suitable for water-limited environments. The findings reflect the specific conditions of the evaluated growing season. Thus, long-term studies under diverse environmental conditions are recommended to confirm these trends and enhance understanding of cotton responses to water regimes in the Cerrado.

This study aimed to evaluate substrates enriched with wood ash in the performance of three cherry tomato cultivars regarding vegetative development, productivity, and fruit quality in a protected environment. The study was conducted at Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis in a randomized block design in a 2x3 factorial scheme, with two types of substrates (substrate 1: mechanized Oxisol+wood ash; substrate 2: Oxisol from a preserved area + commercial compost + wood ash) and three cherry tomato cultivars (Carolina, Red Cherry, and Cherry), with eight replications. Substrate 2 contains approximately 54% more organic matter than substrate 1, which significantly contributes to greater fruit mass, leaf area, and water use efficiency in the cherry tomato cultivars. In substrate 2, fruit mass exceeded 600 g per plant, while leaf area surpassed 2000 cm² per plant. Additionally, for each liter of water supplied, fruit mass increased by 87 g. The titratable acidity of the fruit was higher in the fruit grown in substrate 1. The growing medium did not alter the total soluble solids content. The Carolina and Red Cherry cultivars had the highest average fruit mass, leaf area, and water use efficiency. Keywords: cherry tomatoes; fruit quality; sustainable horticulture; alternative substrate; water use efficiency; agro-industrial residue.

The use of agro-industrial waste, such as wood ash or biomass ash, has been adopted as an alternative to synthetic fertilizers for providing nutrients to plants. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of primary and secondary macronutrients in soil cultivated with chrysanthemum under different types of fertilization management: organic, organomineral, and mineral, with and without liming. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse for 185 days, using a randomized blocks design in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme: five fertilization types (incubated and unincubated wood ash, organomineral fertilizer, mineral fertilizer, and control) and two levels of liming (without liming and 70% base saturation) with five replicates. The soil used was Oxisol. The phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur contents in the soil after cultivation were analyzed. There was a 77% increase in potassium in treatments with ash compared to treatments without ash. The corrected soil presented 173.2 mg dm⁻³ of potassium, compared to 153.6 mg dm⁻³ in the uncorrected soil, an increase of 11.6%. The calcium levels increased by 60% with the application of ash (incubated or not) and organomineral fertilizer, compared to soils without ash. Liming increased calcium by 1.12 cmol_c dm⁻³. Fertilizers with ash associated with liming resulted in higher magnesium levels. The sulfur content varied according to the fertilizer, with non-incubated ash showing the highest value (69.11 mg dm⁻³) compared to the control (11.08 mg dm⁻³), a difference of 83.96%. Organomineral fertilizer is an alternative for increasing the availability of macronutrients in the soil, allowing a second cropping cycle without the need to manage soil fertility, contributing to sustainable agriculture, encouraging the reuse of waste, and reducing the use of mineral fertilizers.

Increased mechanization favors subsurface soil compaction, and the addition of agro-industrial waste can improve its chemical and physical characteristics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproductive components of safflower cultivated in Brazilian Cerrado soil compacted and fertilized with wood ash. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with a randomized block design with five levels of compaction and fertilized with five doses of wood ash, with 4 replicates, totaling 100 experimental units. The data on the number of branches, days to flowering, number of capitula, capitulum dry mass and total shoot dry mass were collected 75 days after plant emergence at the time of harvest. The results were subjected to analysis of variance; when significant, regression was applied with a significance of up to 5%. All the variables analyzed were affected by compaction level and wood ash level. The dose of wood ash that provided the highest shoot dry weight was 25.25 g dm^-3. For the soil bulk density levels, the linear decreasing regression model was adjusted as the soil bulk density levels increased. Thus, the addition of wood ash is beneficial for the development of safflower crops up to a dose of 24 g dm^-3, and an increase in soil compaction from 1.2 Mg dm^-3 is harmful to plant development.

Objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar o desempenho de um recipiente de poliuretano expansível para estudos sobre descompactação biológica de um Latossolo Vermelho utilizando nabo forrageiro como cultura resposta. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação, na Universidade Federal Rondonópolis. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em cinco repetições, com cinco níveis de densidade do solo (1,0; 1,2; 1,4; 1,6 e 1,8Mg m-3) e dois tipos de vasos (PVC e Poliuretano expansível). A unidade experimental de PVC foi montada com três anéis de 200 mm de diâmetro interno e 100 mm de altura, unidos com fita “silver tape”. As camadas de 100 mm inferiores e superiores dos vasos foram preenchidas com solo na densidade de 1,0Mg m-3 e a camada intermediária conforme cada densidade do tratamento experimental. A avaliação do desempenho do recipiente foi realizada indiretamente por meio da cultura resposta, onde se avaliou as variáveis volume de raízes, diâmetro de raízes, comprimento de raízes, massa seca da raiz, massa seca total da planta e a relação massa seca da parte aérea/raiz. O aumento da densidade do solo afeta o desenvolvimento do nabo forrageiro, e o poliuretano expansível é mais eficaz do que o PVC para estudar a descompactação biológica.

Fertilization management is essential for forage production. However, excessive use of synthetic fertilizers causes environmental imbalances. An alternative to reduce these effects is to seek alternative fertilizers, such as wood ash produced from agro-industrial waste, when integrated with appropriate base saturation management. This study aims to compare the effects of fertilization with wood ash (WA), organomineral (OM), and mineral (M) fertilizers associated with different levels of base saturation on the growth and water productivity of Panicum maximum cv. BRS Zuri. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using a randomized block design in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. The treatments consisted of three types of fertilization (WA, OM and M) and three levels of base saturation (0, 25%, and 50%). Leaf area, chlorophyll index, shoot dry mass and root dry mass, water consumption, and water productivity of Zuri grass were evaluated. The results showed significant increases in leaf area, with values of up to 4564.5 cm².pot⁻¹ and a chlorophyll index of up to 36.2 units. In addition, the dry mass of the aerial part reached up to 46.7 g.pot⁻¹, and the dry mass of the roots reached 21.7 g.pot⁻¹ with the use of OM fertilizers. These values represent an increase of between 43.1% and 69.6% compared to the values of conventional fertilizers. In addition, water productivity reached 4.9 g.L⁻¹ with WA-based fertilizers, an increase of around 39% compared to the values of mineral fertilizers.

Soil compaction is a recurring problem in agriculture that ultimately leads to a reduction in crop productivity. However, the application of agro-industrial residues from the burning of plant biomass can improve the chemical and physical properties of soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of Paiaguás grass under different soil densities and wood ash doses. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, under a 5 × 5 factorial scheme, with five soil compaction values (1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, and 1.8 Mg m-3) and five doses of wood ash (0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 g dm-3), with four replicates. A soil density greater than 1.2 Mg m-3 reduced the dry mass of Paiaguás grass. The wood ash dose of 20.42 g dm-3 led to the highest shoot dry mass. Root growth was highest at a wood ash dose of 16.52 g dm-3.