Carlos Sánchez-Mendieta

El presente artículo describe la implementación de un laboratorio topográfico utilizando Python como herramienta principal para el procesamiento de datos. El objetivo es automatizar tareas comunes en levantamientos topográficos como la planimetría, altimetría, cálculo de volúmenes y movimientos de tierra, utilizando datos simulados para demostración práctica. Se desarrolla un flujo de trabajo que incluye la carga de datos, interpolación para la generación de modelos digitales del terreno, y visualización tridimensional de la superficie. Los resultados evidencian la eficacia de Python para procesar grandes volúmenes de datos topográficos de forma automatizada, flexible y reproducible.

This study assesses the effectiveness of Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SuDS) in mitigating urban flooding and enhancing stormwater management in Machala, Ecuador. The implementation of SuDS resulted in a 57.64% reduction in flood volume and a decrease in peak flow from 10.50 m ³ s ^-1 to 5.91 m ³ s ^-1 . Infiltration capacity improved from 0.75 mm to 2.43 mm, while average surface runoff was nearly halved from 19.27 mm to 10.48 mm. A specially designed porous concrete with approximately 30% porosity showed optimal performance. These findings indicate that SuDS can significantly contribute to urban planning and flood management in coastal developing cities. The study recommends prioritizing rain gardens and porous pavements, creating local SuDS guidelines, integrating these systems into urban planning, establishing long-term monitoring, and involving local communities. The insights gained here offer valuable guidance for other coastal cities in Ecuador and similar regions, demonstrating a sustainable approach to managing urban flooding and enhancing water resilience.

The work presented includes a review of the state of art of porous concrete. Its purpose is to evaluate the potential use of porous concrete in constructions where the level of surface runoff justifies it. A review of the literature presented here has been necessary where parameters of special consideration have been defined in the dosage of permeable mixtures. The study includes the definition of porous concrete in terms of its main components: cement, coarse aggregate, water, additives, and sand, in little or no quantity, to cause the generation of an effective content of interconnected voids that allow rapid storm drainage. Given the reports of variables of high incidence in the mechanical behavior of porous concrete (resistance/permeability relationship), an investigation is warranted to synthesize the effects of the variables in the preparation of the mixture: water–cement ratio, granulometry, and morphology of the aggregates, compaction pressure, and curing techniques, among others. Likewise, the protocols for the characterization of porous concrete and additional aspects relevant to support the experimental phase are exposed, constituting a reference or anchor point for developing technologies associated with the manufacture of this material and the possibilities of its implementation in constructions.