Karol Borensztejn
Current Organizations / Institutes
The organizations/institutes from the scholar's latest article
Research Subjects
Research Interests
Karol Borensztejn has a total of 6 co-authors. Here are the top co-authors by number of shared publications:
- Agata M. Gawel
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
1 shared publication - Cezary Wójcik
Oregon Health Sciences University
1 shared publication - Ireneusz Dziuba
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Academy of Silesia, 40-555 Katowice, Poland
1 shared publication - Izabela Młynarczuk-Biały
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
1 shared publication - Lukasz P. Bialy
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
1 shared publication - Paweł Tyrna
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
1 shared publication
Latest Publications
- Open Access
Classification of Cell-in-Cell Structures: Different Phenomena with Similar Appearance
A phenomenon known for over 100 years named “cell-in-cell” (CIC) is now undergoing its renaissance, mostly due to modern cell visualization techniques. It is no longer an esoteric process studied by a few cell biologists, as there is increasing evidence that CICs may have prognostic and diagnostic value for cancer patients. There are many unresolved questions stemming from the difficulties in studying CICs and the limitations of current molecular techniques. CIC formation involves a dynamic interaction between an outer or engulfing cell and an inner or engulfed cell, which can be of the same (homotypic) or different kind (heterotypic). Either one of those cells appears to be able to initiate this process, which involves signaling through cell–cell adhesion, followed by cytoskeleton activation, leading to the deformation of the cellular membrane and movements of both cells that subsequently result in CICs. This review focuses on the distinction of five known forms of CIC (cell cannibalism, phagoptosis, enclysis, entosis, and emperipolesis), their unique features, characteristics, and underlying molecular mechanisms.
Open AccessClassification of Cell-in-Cell Structures: Different Phenomena with Similar Appearance
A phenomenon known for over 100 years named “cell-in-cell” (CIC) is now undergoing its renaissance, mostly due to modern cell visualization techniques. It is no longer an esoteric process studied by a few cell biologists, as there is increasing evidence that CICs may have prognostic and diagnostic value for cancer patients. There are many unresolved questions stemming from the difficulties in studying CICs and the limitations of current molecular techniques. CIC formation involves a dynamic interaction between an outer or engulfing cell and an inner or engulfed cell, which can be of the same (homotypic) or different kind (heterotypic). Either one of those cells appears to be able to initiate this process, which involves signaling through cell–cell adhesion, followed by cytoskeleton activation, leading to the deformation of the cellular membrane and movements of both cells that subsequently result in CICs. This review focuses on the distinction of five known forms of CIC (cell cannibalism, phagoptosis, enclysis, entosis, and emperipolesis), their unique features, characteristics, and underlying molecular mechanisms.