Maksym V. Kustov

A model is constructed that mathematically describes the rise to the water surface of an explosive object made of ferromagnetic material by means of an electromagnet in the form of a solenoid on a core of ferromagnetic material. Taking into account that the magnetic permeability of water is close to unity, and water slightly weakens the magnetic field that passes through it, it is shown that the water environment does not significantly affect the magnetic properties of the electromagnet under the conditions of its proper waterproofing. It is shown that the magnitude of magnetic induction required to lift an object made of ferromagnetic material depends on the area of the working surface of the electromagnet according to a law close to hyperbolic. Explosive objects made of ferromagnetic materials can be removed from water using electromagnets with a certain parameter . The developed model shows that the parameter is a function of the square root of the mass of the object being lifted and is inversely proportional to the diameter of the electromagnet core. To lift explosive objects weighing up to 100 kg, a core made of a material with a high magnetic permeability and a high winding density of the electromagnet winding are required. The magnetic induction at a distance r from the working surface of an electromagnet of radius R varies according to the law R ³ /(R ² +r ² ) ^3/2 . It is proved by calculation that with an increase in the diameter of the electromagnet core, the magnetic induction decreases more slowly with distance from it. The results obtained are the scientific basis for engineering and design work in the development of new methods and devices for underwater humanitarian demining.

The objective of this Article is development of a hazardous area extent reducing method in the atmosphere upon emergency situation occurrence with hazardous chemical and radioactive substances emission. To achieve the specified objective it is recommended to use deposition of gaseous, liquid and solid disperse hazardous particles from the atmosphere using artificial precipitation over a zone of emergency. For artificial intensification of precipitation, use of chemical and physical principles of impact on droplets formation processes in the area of clouds is proposed. A pyrotechnic composition was developed for chemical impact, which when combustion generates finely dispersed chemical centers of condensation and modifying components for hazardous chemical substances neutralization. Conducting the ionization of precipitation formation area by a strong impulse electromagnetic irradiation was proposed as a physical impact on the artificial precipitation formation processes. The laboratory study results confirmed the technical feasibility of this method implementation. To reduce the necessary radiator power, application of a multi-position radiators system with radiation focusing to one irradiation zone was proposed. The theoretical and experimental results obtained in the article are the base for development of emergency situation negative consequences reduction practical procedures through artificial precipitation initiation.