Léonel Philibert

Background: The number of international migrants continues to rise globally, particularly in countries belonging to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). This growing diversity presents sociopolitical challenges related to social cohesion, which are also reflected in academic settings. Some individuals are exposed to different forms of discrimination based on skin color, including both racial microaggressions and macroaggressions. Racism is a major determinant of health and has deleterious effects on those exposed to it. Objective: This protocol aims to analyze and synthesize existing knowledge on racial aggressions, both macroaggressions and microaggressions, experienced by Black individuals as students or members of the teaching staff (including lecturers and professors) in university contexts across OECD countries. The research question posed for this purpose is as follows: What does the scientific literature reveal about racial aggressions (both macroaggressions and microaggressions) experienced by Black individuals as students or members of the teaching staff in university contexts across OECD countries? Methods: This integrative review protocol is developed in accordance with the PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols) guidelines. An integrative review will be conducted following the framework of Whittemore and Knafl. It will be carried out in 7 distinct phases: (1) problem identification, (2) literature search, (3) study selection, (4) data evaluation, (5) data extraction and analysis, (6) data synthesis, and (7) presentation of findings. A literature search will be conducted using electronic databases such as CINAHL, PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus/Web of Science, and Embase to identify studies addressing various forms of racial aggression in academic environments. The methodological framework of Whittemore and Knafl will guide the entire review process, from study selection to data analysis and synthesis. The quality assessment of the studies included in this integrative review will be conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT; 2018 version). Results: The study identification and selection process began in September 2025. A total of 7098 records were identified through electronic database searches. The literature to be reviewed is expected to include studies conducted across multiple OECD countries involving diverse university populations, such as students, faculty, and administrative staff, and using a range of methodological approaches. This integrative review will examine how racial aggressions (both microaggressions and macroaggressions) manifest in academic settings, the strategies developed by Black individuals to cope with these experiences, and their impacts on health and well-being. Study completion is anticipated between August and September 2026. Conclusions: The findings will inform future research on racial aggressions in higher education and contribute to the development of evidence-based prevention strategies. Ultimately, the review aims to support the development of university policies and programs that promote inclusive environments and ensure equitable access to resources and opportunities for all students and staff.

Background: The aging Canadian population has led to an increase in Canada’s use of home and community care services. In this context, the healthcare system relies heavily on personal support workers who work in various healthcare settings. A significant proportion of these workers are immigrants, and many live in linguistic minorities. Despite their pivotal role, the experiences and working conditions of these personal support workers are underrepresented in the scientific literature, specifically in intersectional analyses. This scoping review aims to examine the work experiences, health conditions, and well-being of immigrant personal support workers in Canada who work in a minority language setting. Eligibility criteria: Studies addressing the work experiences, health conditions, and well-being of immigrant personal support workers in Canada who work in a minority language setting, and those published in English or French. There will have no restrictions on publication date. Method: This review will follow the JBI recommendations for scoping reviews and incorporate the PRISMA-ScR checklist. We will develop an adapted search strategy for five relevant databases (Medline [Ovide], Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, and Google Scholar). Two independent reviewers will select full-text articles based on pre-established inclusion criteria and extracted relevant data. The results will be presented in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. This scoping review contributes to expanding knowledge about the professional, health, and social realities of immigrant PSWs in Canada’s linguistic minority communities.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been rising globally for decades, with projections estimating 700 million cases by 2045. In Canada, approximately 3.8 million people aged 12 months and older live with diagnosed diabetes, representing 9.6% of the population. T2D reflects significant social inequalities in health, disproportionately affecting certain groups. Migrants often face unique challenges in managing T2D due to lower socioeconomic status, language barriers, and limited access to healthcare. Research shows they are more likely to develop complications linked to social and economic determinants, including food insecurity, unstable employment, and systemic barriers to culturally appropriate care. Objective: To map and synthesize economic, political, and social factors that influence the well-being of migrants. Method: A scoping review using the framework of Arksey and O’Malley will be conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‑Analyses – Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guideline. An electronic search of studies, published in English, Italian, French, and Portuguese, will be conducted in 6 databases (CINAHL, Embase, PsycInfo, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences). Discussion and Research Spin-offs: The review described in this protocol will highlight factors such as economic disparities, inequalities in access to health services related to migration status, as well as the role of community support and social networks in diabetes management. By exploring current knowledge, this review will identify gaps in the literature and provide a foundation to inform future clinical and policy reflection, particularly in ongoing efforts to address health inequalities experienced by migrant populations.

Introduction: Ontario is the second Canadian province with the largest Francophone population, but this does not prevent Francophones living in Ontario from experiencing difficulties accessing health care in their language. In this context, this study aims to explore the experiences and perceptions of Francophones in Ontario regarding health services in their trajectories of access, treatment, recovery and follow-up. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study guided by the Dewey’s Social Survey was conducted between June 2025 and January 2026 in Ontario. A total of 20 semi-structured individual interviews and two focus groups were conducted with Francophones. To analyze the data collected, the thematic analysis of Braun and Clarke was preferred. Results: This study revealed that Francophones in Ontario are at the intersection of multiple social inequalities at both institutional and individual levels that hinder their access to health care in their language. This situation leads to self-medication, underuse of healthcare services, the risk of medical errors, worsening of health conditions, stress, feelings of abandonment, lack of confidentiality, overaccommodation, the need to adopt socially desirable strategies, lack of understanding, and poor adherence to treatment. Conclusion: Decision-makers should act urgently to ensure the effective implementation of the policy of the active offer of French-language health services. Without this improvement, Ontario’s Francophone population will remain at a disadvantage in accessing and using health care information and services.

This systematic integrative review provides a unique pioneering perspective on community support practices in social, community, and cooperative housing, improving our understanding of the practice and its outcomes. Two research questions guided this work: 1) What are the community support practices in social and community housing serving individuals in the context of socioeconomic deprivation in permanent housing structures? And 2) What are the outcomes of the community support practices in social and community housing. Studies describing and/or reporting on outcomes of community support practices in social and community housing (psychosocial, economic, and health/mental health) were included from the journals’ inception to September 2022. A total of 42 studies were included in the systematic review, of which 20 were qualitative, 14 quantitative, and eight mixed-method studies. Of them all, 34 studies reported on public housing, four on community housing, and four on cooperative housing. Results inform practitioners and decision makers on issues related to community practices in permanent supportive housing and their outcomes in relation to tenure orientations and potential impact. Community practice workers are pillars in housing settings who provide bridging, bonding, and linking that builds social capital in adverse conditions. This review provides insight into innovative research avenues in this domain, while bringing to the forefront the fundamental challenges of individual support pathways to collective empowerment, increased health needs, and unequalled peer-tenant support engagement, as well as their precarious conditions. Cette revue systématique intégrative offre une perspective pionnière unique sur les pratiques de soutien communautaire dans les logements sociaux, communautaires et coopératifs, améliorant notre compréhension de ces pratiques telles qu’elles ont évolué et de leurs divers impacts rapportés ou mesurés. Deux questions de recherche ont guidé notre travail : Quelles sont les pratiques de soutien communautaire en logements sociaux et communautaires destinées aux individus en situation de précarité socioéconomique au sein de structures de logements permanents ? Quels sont les impacts des pratiques de soutien communautaire en logements sociaux et communautaires ? Les études décrivant et/ou rapportant les impacts (psychosociaux, économiques, et de santé/santé mentale) des pratiques de soutien communautaire en logements sociaux et communautaires, à partir de la création de chacune des revues ciblées, jusqu’en septembre 2022 ont été considérées. Un total de 42 études a été inclus dans la revue systématique, dont 20 étaient qualitatives, 14 quantitatives et 8 utilisaient des méthodes mixtes. Parmi elles, 34 études portaient sur le logement social, 4 sur le logement communautaire et 4 sur le logement coopératif. Les résultats renseignent les praticiens et les décideurs sur les questions liées aux pratiques communautaires au sein de logements permanents et sur leurs résultats en relation avec les orientations des différents types de tenure et leur impact potentiel. Les intervenants en soutien communautaire sont des piliers dans les milieux de vie, créant des liens sociaux dans des conditions d’adversité par le biais de liens relationnels, d’attachement et instrumentaux. Cette revue narrative offre un aperçu de nouvelles avenues de recherche dans ce domaine, tout en mettant en avant les enjeux fondamentaux liés au passage des pratiques individuelles de soutien à des processus d’autonomisation collective, aux besoins accrus en santé et à l’engagement incomparable des pairs locataires, mais aussi à leur précarité.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore healthcare professionals’ experience of pregnant and motherhood in adolescence in Haiti. Methods: The methodology for collecting and analyzing qualitative data was based on John Dewey’s social survey. The study was conducted in nine health institutions in the North and North-East departments of Haiti from October 2020 to January 2021. Data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews with 15 healthcare professionals. All interviews were audio-recorded. The recordings were listened to carefully and transcribed in verbatim form. After checking and validation, the verbatims in Word format were exported to QDA Miner software version 6.0.5 for coding. The data were analyzed using Paillé and Mucchielli thematic analyses. Results: Health professionals such as gynecologists, nurses, midwives, nursing assistants, matrons and health workers took part in the study. These study participants indicate that teenage pregnancy and motherhood are social and public health problems whose negative consequences affect teenage girls, children, healthcare professionals, the healthcare system, and Haitian society in general. The services offered to adolescent girls are medical, educational, psychological, economic, and social in nature. When caring for pregnant adolescents during the transition to motherhood, healthcare professionals face many challenges that are linked to the socio-economic status and physiological reality of adolescents, as well as the healthcare system. Conclusions: Programs involving home care visits should also be set up to offer ongoing support to pregnant or parenting teenagers. The distribution of food aid or materials such as clothing, hygiene products and baby kits should also be considered.

Background: Teenage pregnancy remains a global problem because of its consequences for the teenager, her child, her family, and society. In Haiti, this type of pregnancy burdens the family economy. In addition, the adolescent fertility rate is still high, despite efforts to reduce it. Objective: This article aims to analyze the perception and experiential experience of relatives of pregnant adolescents in Haiti. Methods: A qualitative study design based on Dewey’s social survey was conducted. Data were collected from 17 relatives (partners, parents, guardians, and others) of pregnant adolescents in Haiti’s North and Northeast departments. These data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: According to the results, teenage pregnancy is seen as a disaster or a social problem in Haiti. It leads to many psychosocial and economic difficulties for the relatives, who are the only source of economic and social support for pregnant adolescents. Conclusion: Considering the vulnerability of relatives, policies, and interventions aimed at reducing the negative consequences of teenage pregnancy should consider this group of individuals.

Objectives: This article aims to analyze the vulnerabilities experienced by Haitian adolescent girls before their pregnancy. Methods: A qualitative research design was developed from Dewey’s social survey. From October 2020 to January 2021, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 33 pregnant adolescents living in Haiti’s North and North-East departments. Thematic data analysis was performed using the qualitative data analysis software QDA miner, 6.0.5. Results: The adolescent girls interviewed were between 14 and 19. The study showed that adolescent girls experienced economic and social hardship, gender issues, and barriers to contraceptive use before pregnancy. These girls have experienced restrictive conditions that make them vulnerable to risky sexual practices and unwanted pregnancy. Conclusions: The results have indicated that Haitian adolescent girls’ vulnerabilities before their pregnancy result from economic, social, and cultural injustices to which they are exposed from early childhood. These adolescent girls are also highly vulnerable to sexual exploitation and rape, as well as pregnancy. It is essential to address these issues when implementing programs aimed at improving the living conditions of adolescents in Haiti, including the prevention of early and unwanted pregnancy.