Endang Siti Rahayu

Smallholder tea farmers in Batang Regency receive only Rp1,600 (~USD 0.0894)–2,000/kg for wet tea shoots against a viable production cost of Rp3,050 (~USD 0.1704)/kg, confined to raw material roles within the Nucleus Estate Smallholder (PIR) scheme. Yet farmers who have exited this system already achieve Rp75,000 (~USD 4.19)/kg through artisan direct trade, a 44-fold premium that signals the scale of untapped value innovation available. This study aims to identify value innovation opportunities for Batang smallholder tea farmers through Blue Ocean Strategy (BOS) formulation. Using a qualitative approach, the study integrates in-depth interviews with 10 key informants (thematic coding), a strategy canvas perception questionnaire mapping competitive positioning of PR against PBN and PBS across eight competition factors, and the Eliminate–Reduce–Raise–Create (ERRC) framework. The strategy canvas reveals PR scores lowest on all eight factors (grand average 2.25 vs PBN 3.18 and PBS 3.35), with the largest gap in branding and product identity, precisely the dimension where PR’s high-altitude “sweet honey” terroir, equivalent to Rp300,000 (~USD 16.8)/kg reference products, gives it an unreplicable advantage. The ERRC formulation translates this into a value innovation resting on three pillars, namely authentic terroir-based product identity anchored by a collective brand and Geographical Indication, new distribution channels bypassing middlemen through direct trade and digital platforms, and untapped consumer segments no competitor currently serves. Value innovation for Batang smallholder tea is empirically accessible, not merely theoretical, with collective cooperative formation as the critical enabling condition.

Background: Garlic is a strategic horticultural commodity in Indonesia with diverse benefits and high market demand. However, the sustainability of garlic farming faces several structural challenges, including low productivity, limited market access, weak institutional support, low technology adoption, and poor quality seeds.Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the sustainability status of garlic farming, analyze performance differences, and identify sensitive attributes that influence sustainability.Design/methodology/approach: This study was conducted in Karanganyar Regency with 120 respondents in total. This study used a Rapid Appraisal (RAP) method with a Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) approach.Findings/Results: The results indicate that the multidimensional sustainability index of garlic farming is categorized as moderately sustainable (50–70). Farms adopting integrated farming with partnerships achieved the highest index (58.43), followed by non-integrated farms with partnerships (57.96), integrated farms without partnerships (54.61), and non-integrated farms without partnerships (54.17). The social dimension ranked the highest, followed by the ecological, economic, institutional, and technological dimensions. Leverage analysis identified 11 sensitive attributes, including farming experience, farmer group membership, water availability and conservation, marketing management, marketing institutions, seed availability, seed technology, bulb productivity, supporting policies, and organic fertilizer use. The simulation showed that improving these attributes could increase the multidimensional sustainability index by up to 26.76% in all categories.Conclusion: Enhancing sustainability should focus on technology adoption, strengthening marketing institutions, improving seed access, and developing adaptive policies. Originality/value (State of the art): This study shows that integrated interventions targeting these sensitive attributes are expected to facilitate the transition of garlic farming from “moderately sustainable” to “fully sustainable”. Keywords: garlic, multidimensional scaling, RAP Analysis, influence sustainability, integrated farming

This study focuses on the factors influencing the performance of agribusiness MSME clusters in Central Java Province, an area that has not been previously studied. The novelty of this study lies in the use of cluster performance variables and indicators that differ from those in previous studies. This study uses a descriptive analytical method. The research locations were determined purposively in Pati Regency, Rembang, Demak, Purbalingga, Pekalongan, Sukoharjo, and Magelang City, which have a larger number of agribusiness MSME clusters compared to other regions. The research sample consisted of 251 members of the agribusiness MSMEs cluster, selected proportionally across seven areas. Data analysis used the SEM method with PLS tools. The results of the study indicate that factors influencing the performance of agribusiness MSME clusters include collective efficiency, social capital, and socioeconomic benefits. Company performance does not affect MSME cluster performance. Collective efficiency influences social capital and socioeconomic benefits, while collective efficiency does not affect company performance. Social capital does not affect socioeconomic benefits and company performance. Socioeconomic benefits do affect company performance. Suggestions include strengthening collective efficiency, social capital, and socioeconomic benefits, which influence the performance of agribusiness MSME clusters. Strengthening collective efficiency is necessary to improve the performance of agribusiness MSME clusters. Strengthening social capital and socioeconomic benefits will further boost the performance of agribusiness MSME clusters. Social capital is strengthened when collective efficiency is also improved. Improved social capital will increase socioeconomic benefits. Improved collective efficiency will increase socioeconomic benefits. Stronger socioeconomic benefits will boost company performance.

Indonesia’s domestic soybean production meets only about one-third of national demand, resulting in continued reliance on imports. This study develops a System Dynamics (SD) model to assess the eco-efficiency and sustainability of soybean production systems in Wonogiri Regency using primary data (2018–2024) and national statistics. Three scenarios are evaluated: S1 (baseline), S2 (15% reduction in fertilizer use), and S3 (10% increase in yield potential through technological adoption). The simulation results indicate that improved input management reduces greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 12–15% while maintaining yields of 1.50–1.65 t/ha. Under scenario S3, yields increase by 9–11% relative to the baseline, accompanied by higher farm profitability without increasing emission intensity. The eco-efficiency index rises from 1.00 in 2020 to 1.17 under S2 and 1.23 under S3 by 2030. The findings suggest that combining fertilizer optimization with technological innovation offers the most effective pathway toward sustainable and low-emission soybean production. This study presents one of the first SD-based eco-efficiency models for Indonesian soybean systems, quantitatively linking productivity, resource-use efficiency, and GHG emissions, providing policy-relevant insights for sustainable intensification in smallholder agriculture.

The lack of knowledge of farmers about efforts to manage coffee plantations with environmental and conservation views is believed to have the effects of microclimate change which are likely to impact coffee farmers in the future. The purpose of the research is to (1) identify ecological aspects on the sustainability of coffee cultivation patterns in the Magetan region, (2) find ecological factors on coffee production, and (3) describe the lives of coffee farmers related to ecological aspects. The research method was carried out by a multistage sampling method starting from the determination of subdistricts, villages, farmer groups, farmer group members, and coffee farmer samples. The data used are primary data, with a method of collecting direct survey data on 80 coffee farmers randomly in two districts of Panekan and Poncol. An analysis method to see the relationship of environmental variables to coffee production with multiple linear regression analysis and descriptive analysis for ecological aspects. he results showed that the ecological factors significantly affecting coffee production included the number of protective trees, the application of manure, and farmers' knowledge of conservation practices. Conversely, pruning and the eradication of coffee borer pests were found to have an insignificant impact. The study concludes that while efforts toward coffee sustainability have been initiated by farmers, they have not yet achieved full success. Sustainability efforts include protecting the environment through the use of manure, planting shade trees, and adopting conservation-oriented coffee cultivation practices.

Purpose. This research aims to analyze the level of economic efficiency of cassava farming and the determinants that affect the efficiency level in the Wonogiri Regency, Indonesia. Methodology / approach. The research location was determined using the stratified random sampling method, and three sub-districts were selected in Wonogiri Regency, namely Ngadirojo, Jatiroto, and Puhpelem. Furthermore, this research used a random sampling method with respondents of 74 monoculture cassava farmers. The analysis method was the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach to analyze the economic efficiency of cassava farming and Tobit regression to analyze the determinants that affected it. Furthermore, primary data was obtained from respondents through interviews, and secondary data as a complement was obtained from relevant agencies. Results. This research showed that the level of economic efficiency (EE) of cassava farming in the Wonogiri Regency was 68.3 %. From the results of economic efficiency, there was an opportunity to improve efficiency by reducing input inefficiency by 13.1 % and minimizing input costs by 21.1 %. The determinants of factors that affected cassava farming were considered from the socio-economic factors, namely experience, educational level, and participation of farmers in farmer groups. Originality / scientific novelty. Studies on the effectiveness of cassava have never been conducted in Central Java, even though Central Java is one of the three centers of cassava production in Indonesia. The efficiency of farming cassava in this research was not only considered from the technical side but also from the allocative and economic side, as well as the socio-economic character of the farmer’s environment. This research analyzed the efficiency of cassava farming with a nonparametric approach, namely Data Envelopment Analysis. Usually, efficiency research is approached with parametric analysis, namely production function analysis with Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). Practical value / implications. It is recommended to use optimal inputs, especially seeds and fertilizers, which can be applied in cassava farming to reduce inefficiency. The need for fertilizer is related to the land’s condition, where the land in Wonogiri Regency has a steep slope, making it prone to erosion and sedimentation. Then, it affects the decline of the soil layer and the need for fertilizer. The role of the government is required because it is necessary to facilitate access to farmers and provide information about input use.

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor sosiodemografi yang mempengaruhi konservasi lahan ubi kayu di DAS Bengawan Solo Kabupaten Wonogiri. Metode dasar dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis. Lokasi penelitian berada di Kecamatan Ngadirojo, Jatiroto, dan Tirtomoyo, Kabupaten Wonogiri. Faktor-faktor sosiodemografi yang mempengaruhi biaya konservasi lahan petani ubi kayu di DAS Bengawan Solo Kabupaten Wonogiri dianalisis menggunakan ekonometrika dengan model regresi linier berganda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan rata-rata total biaya usahatani konservasi adalah Rp24.300.451/ha. Rata-rata penerimaan adalah Rp26.855.577/ha. Rata-rata pendapatan adalah Rp20.496.043/ha. Rata-rata keuntungan adalah Rp2.555.126/ha. Rata-rata biaya konservasi lahan adalah Rp5.948.531/ha dengan rincian strip cropping sejumlah Rp221.916/ha, penanaman berganda sejumlah Rp2.403.707/ha, teras sejumlah Rp2.194.085/ha, dan guludan sejumlah Rp1.128.823/ha. Faktor sosiodemografi yang berpengaruh terhadap biaya konservasi lahan petani ubi kayu di DAS Bengawan Solo, Kabupaten Wonogiri adalah Usia, Tingkat Pendidikan, Pengalaman Bertani, Pendapatan Rumah Tangga, dan Jumlah Anggota Keluarga. Faktor sosiodemografi yang paling berpengaruh terhadap biaya konservasi lahan petani ubi kayu di DAS Bengawan Solo, Kabupaten Wonogiri adalah pendapatan rumah tangga. Kemudian faktor sosiodemografi yang tidak berpengaruh terhadap konservasi lahan petani ubi kayu di DAS Bengawan Solo Kabupaten Wonogiri adalah Jenis Kelamin. Kata kunci : Konservasi lahan, Sosiodemografi, Ubi Kayu, Daerah Aliran Sungai

Purpose. This study analyzed multidimensional poverty in cassava farm households in Wonogiri Regency, Indonesia. Methodology / approach. The main method was a descriptive quantitative approach. Moreover, a purposive method was used in determining the study area, considering that Wonogiri Regency is the largest cassava production area in Central Java Province. The number of research samples was 100 cassava farm households. The data analysis method used the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI). Results. The headcount ratio (H) based on an analysis of 0.190 meant that 19 % of cassava farm households had poor multidimensional status, and another 81 % were not poor. Furthermore, the intensity of poverty (A) was 0.333, meaning the average deprivation of poor farmers was 0.333. In addition, the Multidimensional Poverty Index of cassava farm households was 0.063. Although the average weight of deprivation indicators of immunization, child mortality, school participation, sanitation, drinking water, and electricity was 0, it must be maintained to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Originality / scientific novelty. Poverty analysis with the Multidimensional Poverty Index approach has never been carried out on cassava farm households in the study area. Previously, data analysis was conducted in the study area included the potential of cassava in the context of food security, cassava-based agro-industrial development strategies, value-added analysis of cassava-based agro-industry, cost structure analysis and feasibility of cassava farming, risk analysis and distribution of cassava farming income as a result of climate change, income distribution with the Gini Index and Lorentz Curve. Therefore, this study fills the gaps in the literature. Practical value / implications. There is a need to improve the education of farmers’ children and future generations of farmers, and to increase the knowledge and understanding of farmers through advisory work in agriculture. The change of cooking fuel from wood and shrubs to liquefied petroleum gas needs should be implemented to improve the living standard of cassava farm households. The floor and roof components of houses need to be refined to improve the living standards of cassava households and increase access to the Internet as a means of information and communication. Improvements in education, health and living standards as multifaceted components must be carried out to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially in relation to poverty.