Taner Bayraktaroğlu

Background/Objectives: Weight stigma may be experienced externally and internalized as self-directed negative beliefs, with consequences for psychological resources and healthcare use. This study examined associations among weight-related negative experiences, internalized weight stigma, and general self-efficacy, and explored how these relationships were reflected in adults receiving obesity care. Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed-methods study was conducted at a university-affiliated multidisciplinary obesity and diabetes center in Türkiye. In the quantitative phase, 435 adults with obesity were consecutively recruited during the predefined study period and completed researcher-developed items on weight-related experiences, the Modified Weight Bias Internalization Scale, and the General Self-Efficacy Scale. Multivariable linear regression and bootstrap-based indirect-effect analysis were performed. Subsequently, 20 participants underwent semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis. Findings were integrated using a joint display. Results: Weight-related discrimination or negative experiences in social or workplace settings were reported by 27.8% of participants, while 11.5% reported weight-related negative healthcare experiences. Of those reporting negative healthcare experiences and responding to the follow-up item, 77.1% stated that subsequent healthcare use had been affected. Social/workplace negative experiences were associated with higher internalized weight stigma scores (B = 0.814, 95% CI 0.525–1.103) and lower general self-efficacy scores (B = −4.238, 95% CI −6.925 to −1.551). The hypothesized indirect association through internalized weight stigma was significant (B = −2.403, 95% CI −3.569 to −1.353). Qualitative themes addressed obesity as label and identity, judgment and internalization, weight overshadowing care, and conditional confidence. Conclusions: Weight-related negative experiences, internalized weight stigma, and lower general self-efficacy were interrelated in this treatment-seeking population. Qualitative findings highlighted interpersonal and structural barriers to care.

Objective: The prevalence of diabetic foot (DF) increases with the prolonged life expectancy. Identification of factors associated with an increased risk of DF is crucial to establish preventive measures. This study aimed to update the frequency of DF and assess risk factors for DF among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) across tertiary care centers in Türkiye. Methods: Turkish nationwide survey of glycemic and other Metabolic parameters of patients with Diabetes mellitus-2 (TEMD-2) study is a national multicenter cross-sectional survey that included patients with DM in 70 centers in Türkiye. Current or past physician-diagnosed DF was recorded and confirmed by physical exam. Along with the common comorbidities, foot-related risk factors, including ulcer, previous amputation history, and Charcot foot, were recorded in patients with a history of DF. Results: The study included 5570 patients with DM (mean age: 56.3 ± 12.7 years, women: 59.4%). The prevalence of DF was 4.7%. Male sex, lower educational level, peripheral artery disease, retinopathy, neuropathy, and poor glycemic control were independently associated with a DF diagnosis. Statin use was associated with lower DF risk among type 2 diabetic patients. Among foot-related factors, ulcers were the most frequent finding in half of the patients with DF. Conclusion: The prevalence of DF in this study was similar to the European average. Although several non-modifiable and modifiable factors were independently associated with an increased risk of DF, statin use was associated with a beneficial effect. Cite this article as: Cetinarslan B, Demirci I, Haymana C, et al. Prevalence and the determinants of foot ulcers among patients with diabetes mellitus: A nationwide survey (TEMD-2 diabetic foot study). Endocrinol Res Pract. Published online August 1, 2026. doi: 10.5152/erp.2026.25794.

Summary: We assessed bone health in over 2500 adults with diabetes across Türkiye. T1DM patients had lower BMD, while T2DM patients showed higher fracture risk despite higher BMD. Several modifiable factors were linked to osteoporosis. These findings support personalized bone assessments in diabetic populations. Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a recognized risk factor for bone fragility. While type 1 DM (T1DM) is typically associated with low bone mineral density (BMD), type 2 DM (T2DM) often presents with higher BMD despite increased fracture risk. Large-scale comparative studies remain limited. Objective: To evaluate bone health, including osteopenia, osteoporosis, and fracture risk, in adults with T1DM and T2DM. Methods: This multicenter, cross-sectional study included 2562 patients (224 with T1DM, 2338 with T2DM) from 27 centers across Türkiye. BMD was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and fracture risk was estimated via the Turkish-adapted FRAX® algorithm in patients aged ≥ 40 years. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of low BMD. Results: Osteoporosis prevalence was 5.5% in T1DM and 9.6% in T2DM (femoral neck T-score). Adjusted BMD was significantly lower in T1DM at all skeletal sites, while FRAX-based fracture risk and fall-related fractures were higher in T2DM. Independent predictors of osteoporosis included older age, female sex, lower BMI, reduced calcium levels, corticosteroid use, albuminuria, hypertension, and less frequent sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor use. T1DM was independently associated with osteopenia but not osteoporosis. Conclusion: This multicenter study demonstrates distinct patterns of BMD and fracture risk across diabetes subtypes and supports individualized bone health assessment in routine diabetes care.

Amaç: Otoimmun hemolitik anemi ile karakterize nadir bir durum olan Evans sendromlu bir hastada Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) testindeki etkileşimi göstermeyi amaçladık. Olgu: Biyokimyasal inceleme için laboratuvarımıza başvuran bir hastanın HPLC ile analiz edilen HbA1c değeri tespit sınırının (%3) altında ölçüldü. HbA1c sonucu hastanın önceki kan şekerleri ile uyuşmadığından, interferans düşünülerek farklı bir metotla analiz tekrarlandı. İmmüntürbidimetrik metotla ölçülen HbA1c düzeyi de tespit sınırının (%4) altında bulundu. Hastanın dosya incelemesi derinleştirildiğinde otoimmun hemolitik anemi ile karakterize Evans sendromuna sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Otoimmün hemolitik anemisi olan hastalarda metottan bağimsız olarak HbA1c analizlerinde yanlış düşük sonuçlar görülebileceği unutulmamalıdır.

Aim: This article was designed to examine the TIRONOD-Decision Support System, which was created to guide physicians in the evaluation of thyroid nodules, optimize diagnosis-treatment processes, and ensure its integration into clinical practice. The system ultimately aims to increase the quality of healthcare services by offering an innovative approach to the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Material and Methods: The current status of the TIRONOD decision support system will be analyzed and integrated into clinical processes with an artificial intelligence and machine learning-based algorithm. The system is designed as a sensitive and predictive tool for malignancy risk assessment by combining clinical data, ultrasound imaging findings, and cytology results of nodule biopsies. Results: The system is expected to contribute to determining the necessity of biopsies, preventing unnecessary surgeries, and conducting cost-effectiveness analyses during patient management Conclusion: The TIRONOD Decision Support System aims to increase the quality of healthcare services by offering an innovative approach in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. It is expected to be an exemplary model at both national and international levels.

Aim: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by increased hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation, and oxidative stress, is the most prevalent liver disease worldwide. Menopause is associated with an increased risk of developing NAFLD. The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor is present on human hepatocytes, and GLP-1 receptor agonists have a protective effect against liver steatosis and inflammation. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) are key regulators of hepatic lipid metabolism. This study aimed to determine whether liraglutide exerts a protective effect on the liver of ovariectomized rats through the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway. Materials and Methods: Ovariectomized (OVX) rats were divided into two groups: a control group and a liraglutide-treated group. Liraglutide treatment lasted for five days at a dose of 150 µg/kg/day. Five days after litaglutid treatment, SIRT1 and PGC-1α levels, along with oxidative stress markers, were analyzed in the liver. SIRT1 and PGC-1α levels were measured using the ELISA method, while malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation, and reduced glutathione (GSH) level were quantified spectrophotometrically. Additionally, liver tissues collected from the animals were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and evaluated histopathologically Results: In ovariectomized rats, decreased levels of SIRT1 and PGC-1α, along with microvesicular steatosis in liver tissue, apoptotic cellular changes, and heightened oxidative stress were observed (p=0.014). Conversely, in the liraglutide-treated groups, SIRT1 and PGC-1α levels were elevated compared to those in the OVX group, and histological changes showed improvement alongside reduced oxidative stress (p=0.036, p=0.05, respectively). Conclusion: This study suggests that fat metabolism is compromised in ovariectomized rats and that liraglutide treatment may confer protection against NAFLD by upregulating SIRT1 and PGC-1α expression in the liver and reducing oxidative stress.

The prevalence of diabetes continues to increase both in our country and in the world. The International Diabetes Federation estimated that as of 2021, 537 million adults in the world were living with diabetes. In Türkiye, this number is over 9 million. This situation leads

Studies investigating hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI) in acromegaly are limited. We aimed to investigate HFI and the association of disease control with frontal bone thickness (FBT) in acromegaly. Adult patients with acromegaly were grouped according to the presence of HFI on the baseline MRI: Group 1 absent, Group 2 present. We measured FBT, parietal bone thickness (PBT) and occipital bone thickness (OBT) in the mid-sagittal plane on MRI. The changes between first and last measurements were analyzed. We grouped the patients as controlled vs. uncontrolled acromegaly, and as established disease control for at least 5-year vs. 1-5-years. Group 1/Group 2 comprised of 23/29 patients, female/male ratio was 34/18, and mean age 55.41(± 14.21) years. Median follow-up duration was 108 months (6-408). FBTfirst (p = 0.001), FBTlast (p < 0.001), PBTlast (p = 0.025), and OBTlast (p = 0.028) were higher in Group 2 than in Group 1. FBTchange, PBTchange, and OBTchange were positive in Group 2 (p < 0.001, p = 0.008, and p = 0.008; respectively). The ratio of patients with FBT(increased) was higher in Group 2 than in Group 1 (p = 0.001). FBTfirst, FBTlast, PBTfirst, PBTlast, OBTfirst, OBTlast, FBTchange, PBTchange and OBTchange were similar in controlled or uncontrolled acromegaly groups. FBTchange and OBTchange were positive in patients with disease control established for at least 5 years (n = 30) (p = 0.027 and p = 0.002, respectively). HFI was common in patients with acromegaly. HFI is associated with a continuous increase in FBT, PBT and OBT. HFI, bone thickness, or increase in bone thickness seems independent of disease activity. Since headaches can be related to an increase in bone thickness, patients should be evaluated and graded during baseline imaging.

Podoloji (ayak sağlığı) bilimi, alt ekstremite temelinde ayak ve ayak bileğine özgü sağlıklılığı sürdürmeyi, hastalıklarının ve patolojilerinin tanımlanmasını, ayaktaki patolojiler oluşmadan önlenmesini amaçlayan, patoloji varlığında ise ekibin üyesi olarak olarak çalışan, bu yönde eğitimler yapan, araştırmalar gerçekleştiren, sağlık hizmetlerinin kapsam ve standartlarını artırmayı amaçlayan bilim alanıdır. Bu bilimi bir meslek olarak sürdüren profesyonellerin sayısı son yıllarda Dünyada ve Türkiye’de ivmesini artırma eğilimindedir. Türkiye’de podoloji profesyonelleri ön lisans, yüksek lisans ve doktora eğitim düzeylerinden geçmektedirler. Etik sınırlar dahilinde tüm podoloji profesyonelleri mesleği ile ilgili geçerli mevzuat hakkında bilgi sahibi olmak ve güncel gelişmeleri takip edebilmek için doğru yaklaşımları benimsemelidir