Vivi Ninda Sutriana

This paper discusses the development and evaluation of the ASPAK Dashboard, an integrated health information system, to monitor the readiness of health facilities in handling EID and improve decision-making through real-time data visualization and analysis. Development involved collaboration involving key stakeholders from the Ministry of Health and local health facilities, followed by testing and validation through user feedback and evaluation of system effectiveness. The ASPAK dashboard successfully integrated and visualized readiness data for 20 priority EID disease indicators. The program indicators provide real-time information on the readiness of health facilities by identifying the availability of standard medical equipment for EID program services. Coordinated efforts involving various stakeholders and consistency of ASPAK users are essential to maintain and improve the quality of ASPAK dashboard data.

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs), especially pneumonia, remain a major cause of infant mortality worldwide. In Indonesia, pneumonia is the second most common cause of infant and toddler deaths. Exclusive breastfeeding and basic immunization can protect infants and children from contracting pneumonia.Purpose: Our goal was to assess the risk factors for childhood pneumonia in regions with a high prevalence of pneumonia in Indonesia.Methods: This case-control study was conducted between March and April 2019. A total of 176 infants and toddlers aged 10–59 months were enrolled and selected from among patients who visited the community health center. Cases of pneumonia were diagnosed clinically based on the World Health Organization guidelines, and the control was nonpneumonia.Results: The risk factors for the diagnosis of pneumonia included no or nonexclusive breastfeeding (odds ratio [OR], 7.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.52–17.94), incomplete basic immunizations (OR, 4.47; 95% CI, 2.22–8.99), indoor air pollution (OR, 7.12; 95% CI, 3.03–16.70), low birth weight (OR, 3.27; 95% CI, 1.19–8.92), and a high degree of wasting (OR, 2.77; 95% CI, 1.06–7.17). Other variables such as nutritional status (height-for-age z score), age, sex, and educational status of the mother were not risk factors for pneumonia.Conclusion: No or nonexclusive breastfeeding, incomplete basic immunizations, indoor air pollution, a history of low birth weight, and severe malnutrition were risk factors for childhood pneumonia. Breastfeeding was the dominant factor, while sex modified the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of pneumonia.