Mengying Xu

Chloride-induced corrosion is a major threat to excavated bronze artifacts, yet conventional alkaline desalination requires repeated solution replacement and generates secondary chemical waste. Herein, a series of BiOCl-loaded carbon nanofiber composites (CNFs@BiOCl-X) were prepared by KOH activation followed by hydrothermal growth of BiOCl, aiming to develop regenerable electrodes for chloride removal in capacitive deionization systems. Alkali activation regulated the surface roughness, oxygen-containing functional groups, hydrophilicity, and BiOCl loading of CNFs, while the three-dimensional conductive network helped immobilize BiOCl nanostructures and buffer the volume variation associated with reversible Bi/BiOCl conversion. Electrochemical analyses confirmed the pseudocapacitive chloride-storage behavior of the composites, with ion removal governed by the coupled effects of BiOCl redox activity, charge transfer, and interfacial ion transport. In a fixed-electrode membrane capacitive deionization system, CNFs@BiOCl-2 exhibited the best overall performance, delivering a salt adsorption capacity of 100.44 mg g⁻¹ at 1.4 V and retaining 93.17% of its desalination capacity after 35 cycles at 1.2 V. For flow-electrode capacitive deionization, the higher BiOCl-loading CNFs@BiOCl-5 showed superior utilization of active sites and achieved 94.75% NaCl removal from a 1000 mg L⁻¹ solution within 3 h, with an average desalination rate of 15.48 μg cm⁻² min⁻¹ and an energy consumption of 0.88 kWh kg⁻¹-NaCl. These findings demonstrate that rationally matching BiOCl loading with electrode configuration enables efficient and sustainable chloride management, offering a promising electrochemical strategy for conservation electrolytes and related desalination applications.

Metal‐organic gels (MOGs) with different central metals, Al‐ATA were synthesized by using 3‐[4‐(2,4‐dioxopentan‐3‐yl) phenyl]pentane‐2,4‐dione (PDA) and 2‐aminoterephthalic acid (H ₂ ATA) as co‐ligands. Through the post‐synthetic modification (PSM) of perfluorooctanoyl chloride, Al‐ATA‐F with hydrophobic functional groups on both the pore and surface were obtained. It was characterized by NMR that the content of ATA in the modified gel was almost 33 times that of PDA, and the amidation substituent ratio was about 20 %. The Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) specific surface area of the modified materials increases significantly, because many microporous are formed. Al‐ATA‐F is superhydrophobic despite its poor amidation yield. The hydrophobicity helps it having good adsorption effect on oil solvent.