Svetlana Babanina

The studies were conducted to identify somaclonal variants in Lavandula angustifolia regenerants derived from the callus tissue of the cultivar Sineva usin

The purpose of the study is to identify the features of adaptation to ex vitro conditions of lavender plants after long-term clonal micropropagation. The experiments were carried out on microplants of narrow-leaved lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.), cv. The number of plants in each subcultivation - n=10 pcs., 3-fold repetition. Microplants with well-developed shoots and roots were planted in a mixture of peat and perlite (1:1) and grown at illumination of 2–3 klx, photoperiod duration of 16 h, temperature of 24 ± 2°C, air humidity of 70%. The frequency of adaptation of microplants, depending on the number of subcultivations, varied slightly and amounted to 83...100%. On the 60th day of adaptation, the length of the shoot was significantly higher by 21...28% in microplants after 8 subcultivations (206.73 mm) compared with 14, 15 and 16 passages. There were no differences in the length of additional shoots depending on the amount of subculturing. According to the number of nodes on the main shoot, a tendency to their decrease with an increase in the number of passages was observed. A significant increase in the content of chlorophyll a with an increase in the number of subcultivations on the 14th day of adaptation was revealed, however, later these differences leveled out. On average, the in vitro viability index for passages was 1.45 and increased up to 30 days of adaptation to 1.75. The revealed features of changes in morphometric and physiological parameters indicate a good adaptive ability of the analyzed plants, while micropropagation in vitro during 16 subcultivations did not significantly reduce their adaptive potential. The optimal period of ex vitro adaptation is the period of 45...60 days, during which the plants formed well-developed shoots (3.20...6.00 g) and root system (0.619...1.143 g).

The aim of the study was to evaluate the genetic stability of lavender cultivars during long-term clonal micropropagation using RAPD and ISSR markers. The

Genetic stability of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) plants obtained during long-term clonal micropropagation Генетическая стабильность растений лаванды узколистной (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) при длительном клональном микроразмножении

The analysis of the Crimean weather conditions during the autumn vegetation period of winter wheat indicates climate warming and, in this regard, the necessity to adjust the optimal sowing dates. The purpose of the current study was to estimate the productivity and grain quality of winter bread wheat varieties depending on different sowing dates. The objects of the study were five winter wheat varieties sown in 5 dates from October 1 to November 30 with an interval of 15 days. Field trials were conducted with appropriate observations, records, measurements and analyzes, according to the methodology of the State Variety Testing. Statistical processing of the trials was carried out by the B.A. Dospekhov’s method of dispersion and correlation analyzes. The study was carried out through three years, two vegetation periods of which (2017–2018 and 2019–2020) were dry, one period (2018-2019) was favorable for the development of winter grain crops. According to the results of the analysis of variance, there have been identified significant differences in the effect of all three factors (‘variety’, ‘length’ and ‘year’) and their correlation in all combinations on the productivity formation. The factors ‘sowing date’ (33%) and ‘correlation between date and year’ (49%) had the greatest influence on the productivity formation. In 2018, the most optimal for all studied varieties was the second sowing date (15.10), in 2019 it was the first (1.10), and under the conditions of 2020, the later sowing dates were more favorable, and the 4th period was marked as optimal (15.11). The mean productivity of all varieties at the optimum sowing dates was 4.0; 5.5 and 3.46 t/ha, respectively. The factors ‘sowing date’, ‘year’, and the correlation between them significantly influenced protein percentage in grain. Their effect on the manifestation of the above trait was 29%, 14% and 23%, respectively; on gluten content it was 29%, 16% and 21%, respectively.

Since the registry of common oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) cultivars does not involve regionalization, a comprehensive study of cultivars bred by different institutions in the intended cultivation region is valuable and relevant. The objective of the research was to assess the possibility of using various indices of ecological adaptability originally developed for grain crops for their use in the most adapted genotypes’ selection (breeding samples and cultivars) of Origanum vulgare L. to the temperate climate of the Crimean Peninsula. The research was carried out in the piedmont zone of Crimea from 2016 to 2019. The study material consisted of breeding samples No. 10 and No. 82 from the collection of FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, as well as cultivars Zima, Raduga, and Slavnitsa selected by the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (ARSRIMAP). Genotype had the greatest influence on yield of fresh oregano material (43%) with the influence of the weather conditions of the year being 2%. On the contrary, meteorological conditions had a much greater effect on the essential oil accumulation and its areal yield, which were 30% and 25%, respectively. In terms of the coefficient of ecological variation of fresh yield, sample No. 82 and Slavnitsa cultivar were the best (11.47–16.7%). The local genotypes No. 10 and No. 82 varied less by the essential oil content and its yield. The genotype effect value was greater than 0 in the Raduga cultivar and local genotype No. 82 for the yield, but only in No. 82 genotype for the other two characteristics. Cultivars Zima and Raduga were classified as intensive (b_i > 1) by the environmental flexibility of fresh yield, while local genotype No. 82 and Slavnitsa cultivar formed the group of intensive ones by essential oil content and essential oil yield. Local genotypes No. 10 and No. 82 were better than the introduced cultivars in terms of essential oil content homeostability and essential oil yield (Hom = 1.91–2.18). Thus, local genotypes proved to be more adapted to the region’s conditions in terms of essential oil accumulation. However, they were inferior to the registered cultivars of ARSRIMAP breeding in terms of fresh yield.