Victor Augusto Ramos Fernandes

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming medical education and clinical practice, requiring digital, critical, and ethical competencies. This study aimed to assess medical students’ attitudes toward AI, including perceived benefits, risks, and use in medical training. Methods: A mixed-methods, descriptive study used an electronic questionnaire comprising sociodemographic data and 13 items adapted from the authorized Artificial Intelligence Attitude Scale. Responses were recorded on a five-point Likert scale, with reverse-coding of negative items. Total and subscale scores for benefits, risks/threats, and use were calculated. Participants were medical students from the 1st to 6th years at the School of Medicine of Jundiaí (FMJ). Results: Among 436 students, attitudes toward AI were generally favorable. No significant gender difference was observed (p = 0.291), whereas scores differed significantly across training years (p = 0.025), with higher scores among advanced students. Despite recognizing AI’s benefits, students reported concerns regarding reliability, clinical autonomy, ethical implications, and gaps in practical knowledge. Conclusions: AI is positively perceived by medical students, particularly those in advanced years. These findings support structured AI integration into medical curricula to promote critical, ethical, and responsible use in medical education and future clinical practice.

Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is associated with alterations in cardiac autonomic function and lactate metabolism. Heart rate variability (HRV) and blood lactate measurements are useful tools to evaluate these changes, while resistance training (RT) has emerged as an effective non-pharmacological intervention. Objective: To investigate the chronic effects of RT on parasympathetic modulation and lactate metabolism in individuals with T2DM. Methods: Fourteen volunteers participated, including eight individuals with T2DM (62.37±9.65 years) and six healthy controls (58.67±5.28 years). Participants performed a one repetition maximum (1RM) test followed by submaximal exercise at 10–50% of 1RM. HRV was analyzed using RMSSD and SD1 indices, and blood lactate was measured at rest and during exercise. The T2DM group completed a 12-week RT program at 60% of 1RM, while controls maintained their usual lifestyle. Bootstrap resampling (1,000 samples) was applied, with significance set at p 0.05. Results: Lactate responses did not differ significantly before and after training; however, the exercise intensity associated with a significant increase shifted from 30% to 40% of 1RM after RT, suggesting delayed lactate accumulation. No significant lactate changes were observed in controls, and HRV indices remained unchanged in both groups. Conclusion: Twelve weeks of RT did not significantly modify cardiac autonomic modulation but may improve oxidative metabolism by delaying lactate accumulation during exercise in individuals with T2DM.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of laser photobiomodulation (PBM) using the systemic vascular technique (VPBM) on glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) undergoing conventional pharmacological treatment. Methods: This prospective single‐arm clinical study was conducted at Centro Universitário UNITOP, in Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil. Individuals diagnosed with T2DM who had been receiving continuous oral hypoglycemic therapy with metformin (500 mg to 850 mg) for at least 6 months were included. PBM was applied transcutaneously over the radial artery using a low‐level laser device emitting red light, aiming to promote systemic vascular irradiation. Capillary blood glucose levels were monitored through self‐monitoring, while fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were analyzed in a certified clinical laboratory throughout the follow‐up period. Results: In type 2 diabetes patients, VPBM induced significant acute reductions in capillary blood glucose immediately after all sessions (from averages over 180–220 mg/dL down to 119–129 mg/dL; p ≤ 0.0019). It also significantly lowered baseline fasting blood glucose over the 6‐week protocol from 161.40 ± 32.63 mg/dL to 130.40 + 37.62 mg/dL ( p = 0.0339). However, it showed no statistically significant effects on HbA1c: 7.61% to 7.65% or systolic blood pressure. Conclusion: Systemic application of low‐level laser therapy through the vascular technique, combined with standard oral hypoglycemic therapy, may contribute to improved glycemic control in individuals with T2DM. PBM associated with VPBM appears to represent a promising complementary therapeutic strategy for metabolic management in this population.

A motivação acadêmica, segundo a Teoria da Autodeterminação (TAD), é regulada por três necessidades básicas: autonomia, competência e relacionamento. Houve o objetivo de analisar a oscilação da motivação de estudantes do Ensino Superior em diferentes momentos do semestre letivo. Participaram 630 estudantes matriculados no curso de Psicologia, os dados foram coletados via questionário digital. Observou-se motivação elevada no início do semestre, redução ao meio e leve recuperação ao final. A partir de uma análise baseada na escala de Likert, a motivação extrínseca apresentou queda no 1º ano (2,84 para 2,66) e no 4º ano (2,57 para 2,25). Com diferenças significativas entre os períodos (p < 0,05) avaliados no estudo. A motivação intrínseca oscilou, enquanto a desmotivação aumentou progressivamente, chegando a 0,72 no 1º ano e 0,69 no 4º ano. Destacou-se oscilações motivacionais ao longo do semestre, reforçando a estratégias institucionais contínuas de apoio para favorecer o engajamento e prevenir a evasão.

Bone lesions have the capacity for regeneration under normal conditions of the bone metabolism process. However, due to the increasing incidence of major traumas and diseases that cause bone-mineral deficiency, such as osteoporosis, scaffolds are needed that can assist in the bone regeneration process. Currently, natural polymeric scaffolds and bioactive nanoparticles stand out. Therefore, the objective of the study was to evaluate the osteoregenerative potential in tibiae of healthy and ovariectomized rats using mineralized collagen and nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) scaffolds associated with elastin. The in-vivo experimental study was performed with 60 20-week-old Wistar rats, distributed into non-ovariectomized (NO) and ovariectomized (O) groups, as follows: Controls (G1-NO-C and G4-O-C); Collagen with nHA scaffold (G2-NO-MSH and G5-O-MSH); and Collagen with nHA and elastin scaffold (G3-NO-MSHC and G6-O-MSHC). The animals were euthanized 6 weeks after surgery and the samples were analyzed by macroscopy, radiology, and histomorphometry. ANOVA and Tukey tests were performed with a 95% CI and a significance index of p < 0.05. In the histological analyses, it was possible to observe new bone formed with an organized and compact morphology that was rich in osteocytes and with maturity characteristics. This is compatible with osteoconductivity in both matrices (MSH and MSHC) in rats with normal conditions of bone metabolism and with gonadal deficiency. Furthermore, they demonstrated superior osteogenic potential when compared to control groups. There was no significant difference in the rate of new bone formation between the scaffolds. Ovariectomy did not exacerbate the immune response but negatively influenced the bone-defect repair process.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a genetic disease that is clinically manifested by progressive muscle atrophy, followed by loss of strength, motor coordination and functional impairment. In the final stages of the disease, the patient has severe difficulty

Understanding the biological factors of an injury is beyond the aspects that caused this condition in the athlete. Thus, the aim of this study is to develop a solid understanding of the biology associated with the development of an injury derived from the practice of physical exercise and its related aspects. It is verified that the harmful processes affect countless strength training exercise practitioner.

Creatine is a dietary supplement with the potential to stimulate the phosphocreatine pathway and protein synthesis, through the stimulation of PI3eK/AKT and mTOR responsible for the proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells, responsible for hypertrophy. The present study aimed to evaluate the morphological effects of the use of creatine monohydrate on the soleus muscle tissue of 26-month-old Wistar rats. Methods: Twelve Wistar rats were divided into two groups of six animals each. Group 1 was not supplemented with creatine and received a standard diet consisting of water and food. Group 2 received the same diet, but was supplemented with creatine monohydrate at a dose of 0.03 mg/kg of body weight diluted in 200 ml of drinking water for 8 weeks. Results: The supplementation promoted morphological and morphometric effects on the soleus muscle tissue, promoting changes in the perimeter and area of the muscles of the animals treated with the supplement. It is estimated that this supplement may promote, in addition to increasing the cross-sectional area of myocytes, increased stimulation of the protein synthesis pathway associated with PI3K/AKT.

Nuclear morphometry and stereological analysis of gastrocnemius and pectoralis major muscle tissue from MDX mice supplemented or not with creatine for 16 weeks