Özgür Bor

It is widely accepted that sport plays a critical role in the achievement of sustainable development goals. The sport colleges, faculties, and universities that have undertaken the role to educate students, future trainers, educators, managers, and academic staff naturally have a significant impact on increasing awareness regarding sustainability issues. Therefore, in this study, the awareness, perception, and knowledge of the academic staff working in sport faculties and the factors affecting them are analyzed. For this purpose, a survey including a total of 19 questions is designed to measure the level of awareness regarding sustainable development, and it is answered by 366 faculty members in all 75 sport faculties in Türkiye. The results of the study point out that the vast majority of sport academics at universities have a common, general understanding of sustainability, but insufficient awareness of sustainable development goals and the relationship between sport and sustainable development. Furthermore, recognition and awareness regarding sustainable development seem to be limited at the institutional level. However, the results also imply that a great majority of the respondents are aware of the importance of sustainability and consider it necessary to improve themselves and their courses accordingly. Therefore, including sustainability issues in the curriculum, increasing awareness in all layers of institutions, and implementing sustainability in the entire higher education system with projects, seminars, and on-campus events are recommended.

This study documents the positive relationship between meat production and CO₂ emissions by utilizing the environmental Kuznets framework. Relationships between energy consumption, economic growth, meat production, and the levels of CO₂ are tested using 6 different variables (CO₂ emissions, GDP, energy consumption, forest area, total meat, and total livestock). Data for the study is related to the G7 countries and covers the period between 1961 and 2016. The analysis of the data is then conducted using a panel threshold model. Moreover, the extended EKC model does not only consider the income as the state variable but also examines the nonlinear structure inherited in other explanatory variables as a state variable. In this way, we have seen the nonlinear effects of other variables’ evolution over time on carbon emission. The overall results indicate that the production of meat significantly increases CO₂ emissions.