Lei Wu

The preparation of fiber-reinforced phosphorus building gypsum composite materials (FRPGCs) is an important approach to enlarge the utilization of phosphogypsum resources. Through reinforcing phosphorus building gypsum (PBG) with basalt fiber (BF), this article probes into the effects of the length and fiber content of BF on the working performance and mechanical properties of basalt-fiber-reinforced phosphorus building gypsum composite materials (BRPGCs) and accesses the toughness of BRPGCs under bending loads using residual strength. The results showed that the addition of BF could significantly promote the mechanical properties of BRPGCs. However, due to the adverse effect of fibers on the working performance of BRPGCs, the fiber content was constrained. After adding 1.2% of 6 mm BF, the bending strength and compressive strength of FRPGCs reached maximum values of 10.98 MPa and 29.83 MPa, respectively. Under a bending load, BRPGCs exhibited an apparent ductile behavior. The P-δ curve presented five stages, with an evident phase of strength stability after cracking. A larger fiber content was conducive to the toughness of BRPGCs. When 1.6% of 6 mm BF was added, the residual strength of FRPGCs could reach 6.77 MPa.

To address the poor characteristics of low strength and poor toughness in phosphogypsum-based construction material, this study investigates the influence of different diameters, lengths, and dosages of polyvinyl alcohol (abbreviated as PVA) fibers on the workability and mechanical properties of phosphogypsum-based construction material. The results show that as the length and dosage of PVA fibers increase, the flowability of the slurry gradually decreases, and the setting time also shortens. With an increase in the diameter of PVA fibers, the rate of decrease in flowability slows down, and the rate of shortening of setting time also gradually slows down. Moreover, the inclusion of PVA fibers significantly improves the mechanical strength of the specimens. When PVA fibers with a diameter of 15 μm, length of 12 mm, and dosage of 1.6% are used, the phosphogypsum-based construction material reinforced with PVA fibers exhibits optimal performance. Under this mixing ratio, the strength values of the specimens for flexural strength, bending strength, compressive strength, and tensile strength are 10.07 MPa, 10.73 MPa, 13.25 MPa, and 2.89 MPa, respectively. Compared to the control group, the strength enhancements are 273.00%, 164.29%, 15.32%, and 99.31%, respectively. SEM scanning of the microstructure provides a preliminary explanation for the mechanism of how PVA fibers affect the workability and mechanical properties of phosphogypsum-based construction material. The findings of this study can provide a reference for the research and application of fiber-reinforced phosphogypsum-based construction material.

Phosphogypsum is an industrial by-product from the wet preparation of phosphoric acid. Phosphorus building gypsum (PBG) can be obtained from phosphogypsum after high-thermal dehydration. Improving the mechanical properties of PBG is of great significance to extending its application range. In this paper, PBG was modified by adding nano-CaCO₃. Specifically, this study, conducted on 0.25–2% nano-CaCO₃-doped PBG, tested effects on the fluidity, setting time, absolute dry flexural strength, absolute dry compressive strength, water absorption and softening coefficient of PBG, followed by its microscopic analysis with SEM and XRD. The experimental results showed that, with an increase in nano-CaCO₃ content, the fluidity and setting time of PBG-based mixes were decreased. When the content was 2%, the fluidity was 120 mm, which was 33% lower than that of the blank group; the initial setting time was 485 s, which was 38% lower than that in the blank group; the final setting time was 1321 s, which was reduced by 29%. Nano-CaCO₃ evidently improved the absolute dry flexural strength, absolute dry compressive strength, water absorption and softening coefficient of PBG to a certain extent. When the content was 1%, the strengthening effect reached the optimum, with the absolute dry flexural strength and absolute dry compressive strength being increased to 8.1 MPa and 20.5 MPa, respectively, which were 50% and 24% higher than those of the blank group; when the content was 1.5%, the water absorption was 0.22, which was 33% lower than that of the blank group; when the content approached 0.75%, the softening coefficient reached the peak of 0.63, which was 66% higher than that of the blank group. Doping with nano-CaCO₃ could significantly improve the performance of PBG, which provides a new scheme for its modification.

Advances in technologies, such as intelligent connected vehicles and the metaverse are driving the rapid development of automotive intelligent cockpits. From the perspective of the cyber–physical–social system (CPSS), this study proposed the intelligent cockpit composition framework which includes three layers of perception, cognition and decision, and interaction. Meanwhile, we also describe the relationship between the intelligent cockpit framework and the outside environment. The framework can dynamically perceive and understand humans, and provide feedback on the understanding results, which is beneficial to provide a safe, efficient, and enjoyable experience for humans in the intelligent cockpit. In the cognition and decision layers of the proposed framework, we design a case study of active empathetic auditory regulation of driver anger, focusing on improving road traffic safety. We conducted an in-depth interview experiment and designed two auditory regulation materials of active empathy speech and text-to-speech (TTS) speech. Next, 30 participants were recruited, and they completed a total of 240 anger-regulated driving experiments in the straight and obstacle avoidance scenarios. Finally, we quantitatively analyzed and compared the participants’ subjective feelings, physiological changes, driving behaviors, and driving risks, as well as validated the driver anger regulation quality of AES and TTS. The proposed research methods results are beneficial to the design of future intelligent cockpit emotion regulation systems, toward a better intelligent cockpit.