Maryam Tabibi

Corynebacterium minutissimum (C. minutissimum) usually causes a chronic skin infection called erythrasma, which is often caused by infection between the toes and wrinkled areas in the body armpits, under the breasts. The bacterium can cause other diseases such as venous catheter infections, sepsis, orthopedic infections, abscesses, invasive infections, meningitis, endocarditis, and pyelonephritis. Various methods that have been introduced for C. minutissimum detection include gas chromatography method, on-plate-testing method, carbon substrate as assimilation, CB plus rapid evaluation system, Micronauts-Pro and automated identifying systems Therefore, the aim of this study is to understand the significance of pathogenicity, antibiotic resistance, and diagnostic methods for C. minutissimum.

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is one of the main retrograde filling materials that is used today as a root end filling material and perforation repair material. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the antibacterial and antifungal properties of four types of bio-ceramic materials, AGM MTA, Ortho MTA, Pro root MTA and Cem cement for oral and dental health. In this study, the antibacterial activity of four types of bio-ceramic materials against two bacterial strains of Enterococcus faecalis (ATTC 29212), Escherichia coli (ATTC 35318) and antifungal activity against Candida albicans (ATTC 10231) were investigated using the well diffusion method. In the context of the relationship between the type of microorganism and the diameter of the growth inhibitory zone for each type of bio-ceramic material, there was no significant difference for Enterococcus faecalis, and a significant difference was observed for Escherichia coli and Candida albicans (p < 0.05). The results show that each of the bio-ceramic materials AGM, Pro root, Cem cement and Ortho have antibacterial and antifungal properties. AGM MTA bio-ceramic material on Candida albicans fungus and Ortho MTA bio-ceramic material had the most effect on Escherichia coli bacteria. Therefore, the mentioned bio-ceramic materials can play a significant role in oral and dental health by providing a suitable material for restoration.

Background & Aims: The prevalence of hospital infections, especially of bacterial origin, is increasing and uncontrollable in many countries. Controlling them, because of their damage to the health and economy, is essential. Therefore, numerous efforts have been made to find new antibiotics as suitable alternatives to current ones. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of date kernel extract against several hospital pathogens. Materials and Methods: Acetone extract of Mozafati date kernel from Bam city was prepared by immersion method and its antibacterial effects on hospital pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii were investigated by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and well diffusion method. Then, the structure of the obtained extract was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: The MIC was observed at 400 mg/mL of extract for S. aureus bacteria. In addition, the MBC of date kernel extract was 500 mg/ mL for the tested bacteria, except for A. baumannii, where a decreasing trend was detected. The antibacterial activity was determined by the well diffusion method against all bacteria, and the greatest activity was observed against S. aureus with a growth inhibition zone diameter of 31 mm. The HPLC analysis showed the presence of 7 different structures, of which rutin was the most abundant. Conclusion: This study indicates the high antibacterial effect of acetone extract of date kernel on the tested bacteria; however, further studies should be conducted on this plant as a new and powerful antibacterial agent.

Background: In the biological method, using nonpathogenic and extremophile bacteria systems are not only safe and highly efficient but also a trump card for synthesizing nanoparticles. Halomonas elongata QW6 IBRC-M 10,214 (He10214) and Salinicoccus iranensis IBRC-M 10,198 (Si10198), indigenous halophilic bacteria, can be used for synthesizing selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). Methods: SeNP biosynthesis was optimized in two halophilic bacteria and characterized by UV–Vis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), zeta potential, and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). Results: Optimized conditions for synthesizing SeNPs was at 300 °C at 150 rpm for 72 h and 6 mM or 8 mM concentration of Na₂SeO₃. UV–Vis indicated a sharp absorption peak at 294 nm. Spherical-shaped nanoparticles by a diameter of 30–100 nm were observed in FESEM and TEM microscopy images. The produced SeNPs were identified by a peak in FTIR spectra. In XRD analysis, the highest peak diffraction had a relationship with SeNPs. The zeta potential analysis showed SeNP production, and elemental selenium was confirmed by EDX. Conclusions: Halophilic bacteria, owing to easy manipulation to create optimization conditions and high resistance, could serve as appropriate organisms for the bioproduction of nanoparticles. The biological method, due to effectiveness, flexibility, biocompatibility, and low cost, could be used for the synthesis of reproducible and stable nanoparticles.

Background and Objectives: A cording to the importance of the effect of maternal health on pregnancy on the parts of the child’s mood, The purpose of this research was to determine and compare the perceptual sensitivity of infants of mothers with gestational diabetes and healthy mothers. Methods: This descriptive and causal-comparative research consisted of 88 mothers with infants aged 3-12 months who referred to the vaccination wards of Qom community health centers. The mothers were divided into two groups with and without a history of gestational diabetes. The research instruments were the IBQ-R infant mood assessment questionnaire and the individual information questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and SPSS software. Results: There is difference between the average perceptual sensitivity of infants of mothers with gestational diabetes and healthy mothers (P<0.05). the level of perceptual sensitivity in infants in mothers with a history of gestational diabetes is significantly higher than in infants of healthy mothers (P=0.034). Conclusion: Maternal diabetes during pregnancy is correlated to the perceptual sensitivity of infants. Maternal anxiety about the infant’s health can be reduced by justifying the infant’s behaviors by informing mothers with gestational diabetes in the postpartum period.