Hasanuddin Thahir

Background. Virgin coconut oil is a natural product from coconut that has many benefits such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. Inflammatory disease of the periodontal tissues has a high prevalence worldwide. The main etiology of periodontitis plaque of biofilm contains colonies of pathogenic microorganisms. The occurrence of inflammation in the periodontal tissue stimulates the release of inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α and TGF-β. Treatment for periodontitis can be performed starting from initial therapy and usually accompanied by additional therapy such as local drug delivery. VCO can be used as an alternative to antibiotics. Objective. To determine the effectiveness of VCO gel on periodontal tissue regeneration materials through the expression of TNF-α and TGF-β1. Methods. This is an experimental laboratory with a posttest-only control group design. VCO was made from grated fresh coconut and then mixed with NaCMC to obtain gel viscosity. The subjects of this study were 30 male periodontitis-induced Wistar rats by injecting Porphyromonas gingivalis into the gingival sulcus. Wistar rats were then divided into 3 groups. On the 7th and 14th days, the rats were sacrificed and the jaw was sampled to determine the amount of TNF-α and TGF-β1 expression in the regenerative process of periodontal tissue. Result. The amount of TNF-α and TGF-β1 increased significantly in the treatment group, but not as much as the increase in the positive control and negative control groups. Conclusion. VCO gel can affect the expression of TNF-α and TGF-β1 in the regeneration process of periodontal tissue in periodontitis-induced rats.

Introduction: Excessive exposure of the gums, especially more than 3 mm while smiling is known as a gummy smile, caused by multifactorial etiology and managed with various techniques. The prevalence of gummy smiles is 10% of the age of the population between 20 – 30 years and is more common in women than men. This review purpose to discuss the best treatment for the gummy smile in relation to the etiologies of the cases, the indication, and contraindication for each treatment. Review: The etiology of a gummy smile is multifactorial, for example, gingival hyperplasia, changes in the eruption of permanent teeth, excess maxillary growth deficiency, lack of lip support produced by marked depression from the maxilla, and hyperactive and/or asymmetrical movements of the upper lip. A gummy smile can be treated by using several techniques, such as orthodontic surgery, gingivectomy or crown lengthening, botox injection, myotomy of the lip elevator muscles, and surgical lip repositioning. A gummy smile can be a significant esthetic concern for patients. Understanding the etiology can be challenging due to the multiple factors that may be concomitantly involved. Accurate diagnosis and treatment planning are critical for proper management. Conclusion: The therapeutic procedure for the gummy smile condition will depend on the etiology and the sincerity of the case that can remove the excess gingival tissue and remodeling to make an aesthetic approach to smile.

Introduction: Gingival recession represents a clinical condition in adults frequently encountered. Gingival recession is the main complaint of patients who come to the dentist due to an unsatisfactory aesthetic problem. Handling this condition requires action depending on the severity of the case gingival recession. the dentist must know the best treatment for the case. This article purpose to review some literature regarding the treatment means for the gingival recession to achieve an esthetic gingival appearance. Review: Gingival recession is the most common clinical manifestation of all oral diseases. The condition can be corrected by two approaches to gain an aesthetic appearance. The first option is mucogingival surgery or gingival plastic surgery. The second option is gingival replacement with artificial substitutes. Treatment of gingival recession is essential to rectify the esthetic and functional deficiencies of the patient and prevent further periodontal destruction. Gingival recession can be treated with different surgical procedures and the root coverage can be obtained from the surgical approach taken. Conclusion: Increased patient awareness of dental esthetic procedures has increased the demand as well as the responsibility of cosmetic dentistry to have outstanding skill and create pleasing results.

Background: In growth and development, adolescent often experience health problem, one of them is dental and oral hygiene and gingival health. Gingivitis can occur at any age, but most often occurs at the age of puberty. Hormonal factors that become secondary factors or predisposition gingivitis one of them is a hormonal imbalance that is the increase in endocrine hormone at the age of puberty. Lack of awareness of the importance of oral and gingival health can lead to gingivitis or periodontitis. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in gingival health status in adolescents aged puberty in rural and urban. Methods: This research is a descriptive observational research with cross sectional study design. The number of samples were 60 teenagers, each-30 teenagers in Senior High School 4 Sidrap and Senior High School 10 Makassar. The data were collected by clinical examination using gingival index according to Loe and Sillness and data were analyzed by chi-square test. Result: The results obtained p value = 0.024 which indicates that there is a significant difference between adolescents aged puberty in rural and urban based on gingivitis criteria experienced. Conclusion: There is a difference in gingival health status in adolescents of puberty age in rural and urban areas based on gingivitis criteria experienced