Jens D. Rollnik
Current Organizations / Institutes
The organizations/institutes from the scholar's latest article
Jens D. Rollnik has a total of 112 co-authors. Here are the top co-authors by number of shared publications:
- Simone Bianca Schmidt
BDH-Clinic Hessisch Oldendorf, Institute for Neurorehabilitation Research, associated institute of Hannover Medical School, Hessisch Oldendorf, Germany
4 shared publications - Thomas Platz
AG Neurorehabilitation, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Deutschland
4 shared publications - Melanie Boltzmann
Institute for Neurorehabilitation Research, BDH-Klinik Hessisch Oldendorf, Hessisch Oldendorf, Germany
3 shared publications - B. Leineweber
Neurologische Klinik GmbH Bad Neustadt, Bad Neustadt an der Saale, Germany
2 shared publications - C. W. Wallesch
BDH-Klinik Elzach, Elzach, Germany
2 shared publications - Christoph Bucka
Neurologische Klinik Westend, Bad Wildungen, Germany
2 shared publications
Latest Publications
- 19 February 2026
- Published by Georg Thieme Verlag KG in Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie
Begutachtung der Parkinson-Krankheit als Berufskrankheit
Zusammenfassung: Seit 2023 kann in Deutschland eine neue Berufskrankheit (BK) „Parkinson-Syndrom durch Pestizide“ durch die gesetzliche Unfallversicherung anerkannt werden. Dazu muss gutachtlich ein „primäres Parkinson-Syndrom“ festgestellt werden und der Parkinsonismus darf nicht Folge einer anderen Erkrankung sein. Zudem muss eine beruflich bedingte Exposition gegenüber Pestiziden, d.h. Fungiziden, Insektiziden oder Herbiziden stattgefunden haben, und zwar an mindestens 100 Anwendungstagen innerhalb einer Funktionsgruppe (Insektizide, Herbizide, Fungizide). Der vorliegende Artikel gibt eine Hilfestellung zur korrekten Diagnosestellung sowie zu differenzialdiagnostischen Erwägungen, die bei der Begutachtung berücksichtigt werden müssen.
- 19 February 2026
- Published by Georg Thieme Verlag KG in Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie
Begutachtung der Parkinson-Krankheit als Berufskrankheit
Zusammenfassung: Seit 2023 kann in Deutschland eine neue Berufskrankheit (BK) „Parkinson-Syndrom durch Pestizide“ durch die gesetzliche Unfallversicherung anerkannt werden. Dazu muss gutachtlich ein „primäres Parkinson-Syndrom“ festgestellt werden und der Parkinsonismus darf nicht Folge einer anderen Erkrankung sein. Zudem muss eine beruflich bedingte Exposition gegenüber Pestiziden, d.h. Fungiziden, Insektiziden oder Herbiziden stattgefunden haben, und zwar an mindestens 100 Anwendungstagen innerhalb einer Funktionsgruppe (Insektizide, Herbizide, Fungizide). Der vorliegende Artikel gibt eine Hilfestellung zur korrekten Diagnosestellung sowie zu differenzialdiagnostischen Erwägungen, die bei der Begutachtung berücksichtigt werden müssen.
- Open Access
- 4 February 2025
- Published by Wolters Kluwer Health in Journal of the American Heart Association
- Vol. 14 (3) , e037014
Prior Anticoagulation and Risk of Hemorrhagic Transformation in Acute Stroke: A Post Hoc Analysis of the PRODAST Study
Background: Oral anticoagulation is highly effective in preventing ischemic events in patients with atrial fibrillation. Still, a considerable number of patients have an acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack despite anticoagulation. In this study, we investigated the association of prior antithrombotic regimens with stroke severity, volume, and hemorrhagic transformation. Methods and Results: This is a post hoc analysis of the prospective, multicenter, observational PRODAST (Prospective Record of the Use of Dabigatran in Patients With Acute Stroke or TIA) study, which was conducted in 86 stroke units in Germany between July 2015 and November 2020. In 9030 patients with atrial fibrillation who had an acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack within 7 days before enrollment, we analyzed the association of anticoagulants in comparison to lack of prevalent antithrombotic treatment with clinical stroke severity, infarct size, and risk for hemorrhagic transformation. A total of 4479 patients had prior anticoagulation at the time of index event. After adjustment for confounders (arterial hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, age, and sex), patients with prior anticoagulation had less severe strokes (−2.5 National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale points [95% CI, −2.8 to −2.2]), smaller infarct sizes (−23 mL [95% CI, −44 mL to −2 mL], n=4041), and reduced odds for hemorrhagic transformation (5% versus 10%; odds ratio, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.40–0.57]) compared with patients without antithrombotic treatment. These findings were confirmed using sensitivity analyses accounting for thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy, as well as timing of brain imaging. Antiplatelet therapy had hardly any association with the end points compared with no antithrombotic pretreatment. Conclusions: Prior anticoagulation was not only associated with less severe stroke and smaller infarct size but also with a reduced risk of hemorrhagic transformation compared with no antithrombotic pretreatment. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT02507856.
- 4 February 2025
- Published by Wolters Kluwer Health in Journal of the American Heart Association
- Vol. 14 (3) , e037014
Open AccessPrior Anticoagulation and Risk of Hemorrhagic Transformation in Acute Stroke: A Post Hoc Analysis of the PRODAST Study
Background: Oral anticoagulation is highly effective in preventing ischemic events in patients with atrial fibrillation. Still, a considerable number of patients have an acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack despite anticoagulation. In this study, we investigated the association of prior antithrombotic regimens with stroke severity, volume, and hemorrhagic transformation. Methods and Results: This is a post hoc analysis of the prospective, multicenter, observational PRODAST (Prospective Record of the Use of Dabigatran in Patients With Acute Stroke or TIA) study, which was conducted in 86 stroke units in Germany between July 2015 and November 2020. In 9030 patients with atrial fibrillation who had an acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack within 7 days before enrollment, we analyzed the association of anticoagulants in comparison to lack of prevalent antithrombotic treatment with clinical stroke severity, infarct size, and risk for hemorrhagic transformation. A total of 4479 patients had prior anticoagulation at the time of index event. After adjustment for confounders (arterial hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, age, and sex), patients with prior anticoagulation had less severe strokes (−2.5 National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale points [95% CI, −2.8 to −2.2]), smaller infarct sizes (−23 mL [95% CI, −44 mL to −2 mL], n=4041), and reduced odds for hemorrhagic transformation (5% versus 10%; odds ratio, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.40–0.57]) compared with patients without antithrombotic treatment. These findings were confirmed using sensitivity analyses accounting for thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy, as well as timing of brain imaging. Antiplatelet therapy had hardly any association with the end points compared with no antithrombotic pretreatment. Conclusions: Prior anticoagulation was not only associated with less severe stroke and smaller infarct size but also with a reduced risk of hemorrhagic transformation compared with no antithrombotic pretreatment. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT02507856.
- 29 January 2025
- Published by Georg Thieme Verlag KG in Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie
- Vol. 93 (05) , 186-199
Neurologische Begutachtung des „Post-COVID-19-Syndroms“ (PCS)
Zusammenfassung: Das sog. „Post-Covid-19-Syndrom“ (PCS) stellt mit einer Vielzahl subjektiver Symptome eine Herausforderung für die neurologische Begutachtung dar. Der Übersichtsartikel geht auf Möglichkeiten der Beschwerdenvalidierung der häufigsten i.R. eines PCS geklagten neurologischen, neuropsychiatrischen und neuropsychologischen Symptome ein, insbesondere die Fatigue, Riech- und Schmeckstörungen, Kommunikationsstörungen, kognitive Einbußen sowie Gefühlsstörungen und Muskelschmerzen.
- 29 January 2025
- Published by Georg Thieme Verlag KG in Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie
- Vol. 93 (05) , 186-199
Neurologische Begutachtung des „Post-COVID-19-Syndroms“ (PCS)
Zusammenfassung: Das sog. „Post-Covid-19-Syndrom“ (PCS) stellt mit einer Vielzahl subjektiver Symptome eine Herausforderung für die neurologische Begutachtung dar. Der Übersichtsartikel geht auf Möglichkeiten der Beschwerdenvalidierung der häufigsten i.R. eines PCS geklagten neurologischen, neuropsychiatrischen und neuropsychologischen Symptome ein, insbesondere die Fatigue, Riech- und Schmeckstörungen, Kommunikationsstörungen, kognitive Einbußen sowie Gefühlsstörungen und Muskelschmerzen.
- Open Access
- 1 January 2025
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering
- Vol. 33, 4184-4195
A Novel Bilateral Upper Limb Training Method for Stroke Rehabilitation
Post-stroke individuals often experience upper limb sensorimotor impairments that limit their ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs). Bilateral upper limb training (BULT) is essential in stroke rehabilitation, as many ADL tasks require bilateral coordination and benefit from enhanced interhemispheric coordination demands-the key aim of the method presented here. However, evidence supporting the superiority of BULT over unilateral upper limb training (UULT) is limited due to the complexity and limited accessibility of BULT devices in experimental and clinical settings. The low sensitivity of conventional motor function tests is also a serious obstacle to detecting subtle differences in bilateral upper limb skill levels. This paper introduces a novel, tablet-based BULT approach using a tetherball circling task within a simple non-immersive virtual reality (VR) application, incorporating wearable inertial sensors (ISs) on the wrists. In this study, 18 stroke patients and 18 healthy controls were asked to rhythmically tilt the tablet with both hands to rotate a virtual tetherball along a circular guideline. Task performance and forearm end-effector kinematics were analyzed using different parameters. Repeated measures ANOVA resulted in significant differences in task performance, asymmetry, and coordination characteristics. The findings indicate that the proposed BULT method is both effective for rehabilitation and sensitive to assess the subtle differences in bilateral upper limb skill levels. With its high accessibility and user-friendliness, the proposed method can support future BULT research and stroke rehabilitation.
- 1 January 2025
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering
- Vol. 33, 4184-4195
Open AccessA Novel Bilateral Upper Limb Training Method for Stroke Rehabilitation
Post-stroke individuals often experience upper limb sensorimotor impairments that limit their ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs). Bilateral upper limb training (BULT) is essential in stroke rehabilitation, as many ADL tasks require bilateral coordination and benefit from enhanced interhemispheric coordination demands-the key aim of the method presented here. However, evidence supporting the superiority of BULT over unilateral upper limb training (UULT) is limited due to the complexity and limited accessibility of BULT devices in experimental and clinical settings. The low sensitivity of conventional motor function tests is also a serious obstacle to detecting subtle differences in bilateral upper limb skill levels. This paper introduces a novel, tablet-based BULT approach using a tetherball circling task within a simple non-immersive virtual reality (VR) application, incorporating wearable inertial sensors (ISs) on the wrists. In this study, 18 stroke patients and 18 healthy controls were asked to rhythmically tilt the tablet with both hands to rotate a virtual tetherball along a circular guideline. Task performance and forearm end-effector kinematics were analyzed using different parameters. Repeated measures ANOVA resulted in significant differences in task performance, asymmetry, and coordination characteristics. The findings indicate that the proposed BULT method is both effective for rehabilitation and sensitive to assess the subtle differences in bilateral upper limb skill levels. With its high accessibility and user-friendliness, the proposed method can support future BULT research and stroke rehabilitation.
- Open Access
- 6 September 2022
- Published by Springer Nature in BMC Neurology
- Vol. 22 (1) , 1-10
Validity of the Early Functional Ability scale (EFA) among critically ill patients undergoing early neurological rehabilitation
Background: A reliable assessment of the functional abilities of patients after severe brain damage is crucial for valid prognostication and treatment decisions, but most clinical scales are of limited use among this specific group of patients. Aim: The present study investigates the usefulness of the Early Functional Ability (EFA) scale, which determines the functional abilities of severely impaired patients. Methods: Critically ill patients consecutively admitted to early neurological rehabilitation were screened for eligibility. We assessed the correlation between the EFA scale and (i) the Early Rehabilitation Barthel Index (ERBI), and (ii) the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R). The 1-year outcome on the Glasgow Outcome Scale-extended (GOSE) was used to examine the predictive validity. Demographical and medical variables were entered into univariate and multivariate binary regression models to identify independent predictors of 1-year outcome. Results: Two hundred fifty-seven patients (168 men) with a median age of 62 years (IQR = 51–75) were enrolled. The correlation of the EFA scale with the CRS-R was high but low with the ERBI upon admission. Multivariate regression analysis yielded the vegetative subscale of the EFA scale as the only independent predictor for the 1-year outcome of patients admitted to early neurological rehabilitation. Conclusions: This study shows a high correlation of the EFA scale with the CRS-R but a weak correlation with the ERBI in patients with low functional abilities. With improving patient abilities, these correlations were partly reversed. Thus, the EFA scale is a useful tool to assess the functional abilities and the prognosis of critically ill patients adequately and may be more feasible than other scales.
- 6 September 2022
- Published by Springer Nature in BMC Neurology
- Vol. 22 (1) , 1-10
Open AccessValidity of the Early Functional Ability scale (EFA) among critically ill patients undergoing early neurological rehabilitation
Background: A reliable assessment of the functional abilities of patients after severe brain damage is crucial for valid prognostication and treatment decisions, but most clinical scales are of limited use among this specific group of patients. Aim: The present study investigates the usefulness of the Early Functional Ability (EFA) scale, which determines the functional abilities of severely impaired patients. Methods: Critically ill patients consecutively admitted to early neurological rehabilitation were screened for eligibility. We assessed the correlation between the EFA scale and (i) the Early Rehabilitation Barthel Index (ERBI), and (ii) the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R). The 1-year outcome on the Glasgow Outcome Scale-extended (GOSE) was used to examine the predictive validity. Demographical and medical variables were entered into univariate and multivariate binary regression models to identify independent predictors of 1-year outcome. Results: Two hundred fifty-seven patients (168 men) with a median age of 62 years (IQR = 51–75) were enrolled. The correlation of the EFA scale with the CRS-R was high but low with the ERBI upon admission. Multivariate regression analysis yielded the vegetative subscale of the EFA scale as the only independent predictor for the 1-year outcome of patients admitted to early neurological rehabilitation. Conclusions: This study shows a high correlation of the EFA scale with the CRS-R but a weak correlation with the ERBI in patients with low functional abilities. With improving patient abilities, these correlations were partly reversed. Thus, the EFA scale is a useful tool to assess the functional abilities and the prognosis of critically ill patients adequately and may be more feasible than other scales.
- Open Access
- 1 January 2022
- Published by Wiley in BioMed Research International
- Vol. 2022 (1) , 8447080
Thyroid Hormone Levels Help to Predict Outcome of Critically Ill Patients Undergoing Early Neurological Rehabilitation
The present study was aimed at examining thyroid hormones and other clinical factors to improve the accuracy of outcome prediction among critically ill patients undergoing early neurological rehabilitation. Patients consecutively admitted to an intensive or intermediate care unit were screened for eligibility. Serum levels of free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), and thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) were collected during the first three days after admission. The Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was defined as the primary outcome measure. Thyroid hormone levels and other clinical factors were entered into a binary logistic regression model to predict a good outcome at the end of early rehabilitative treatment. 395 patients (268 males) with a median age of 62 years (IQR = 52 − 76) and a median disease duration of 19 days (IQR = 13 − 28) were included in the study. Most patients (80%) had decreased fT3 values. Patients with low fT3 were admitted earlier to the rehabilitation facility and had more severe impairment upon admission compared to patients with fT3 values within the normal range. Both decreased fT3 and TSH levels were associated with an unfavorable outcome (GOS ≤ 3), but only TSH proved to be an independent predictor in multivariate analyses (OR = 1.11; 95%CI = 1.02 − 1.22). These data suggest that decreased fT3 and TSH levels upon admission may predict an unfavorable outcome at the end of early rehabilitative treatment. Thus, thyroid hormone levels are not only important during acute treatment but also in prolonged critical illness.
- 1 January 2022
- Published by Wiley in BioMed Research International
- Vol. 2022 (1) , 8447080
Open AccessThyroid Hormone Levels Help to Predict Outcome of Critically Ill Patients Undergoing Early Neurological Rehabilitation
The present study was aimed at examining thyroid hormones and other clinical factors to improve the accuracy of outcome prediction among critically ill patients undergoing early neurological rehabilitation. Patients consecutively admitted to an intensive or intermediate care unit were screened for eligibility. Serum levels of free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), and thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) were collected during the first three days after admission. The Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was defined as the primary outcome measure. Thyroid hormone levels and other clinical factors were entered into a binary logistic regression model to predict a good outcome at the end of early rehabilitative treatment. 395 patients (268 males) with a median age of 62 years (IQR = 52 − 76) and a median disease duration of 19 days (IQR = 13 − 28) were included in the study. Most patients (80%) had decreased fT3 values. Patients with low fT3 were admitted earlier to the rehabilitation facility and had more severe impairment upon admission compared to patients with fT3 values within the normal range. Both decreased fT3 and TSH levels were associated with an unfavorable outcome (GOS ≤ 3), but only TSH proved to be an independent predictor in multivariate analyses (OR = 1.11; 95%CI = 1.02 − 1.22). These data suggest that decreased fT3 and TSH levels upon admission may predict an unfavorable outcome at the end of early rehabilitative treatment. Thus, thyroid hormone levels are not only important during acute treatment but also in prolonged critical illness.
- Open Access
- 16 February 2021
- Published by Frontiers Media SA in Frontiers in Neuroscience
- Vol. 15
Auditory Stimulation Modulates Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome Patients
Passive listening to music is associated with several psychological and physical benefits in both, healthy and diseased populations. In this fMRI study, we examined whether preferred music has effects on the functional connectivity within resting-state networks related to consciousness. Thirteen patients in unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) and 18 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. Both groups were exposed to different auditory stimulation (scanner noise, preferred music, and aversive auditory stimulation). Functional connectivity was analyzed using a seed-based approach. In HC, no differences were found between the three conditions, indicating that their networks are already working at high level. UWS patients showed impaired functional connectivity within all resting-state networks. In addition, functional connectivity of the auditory network was modulated by preferred music and aversive auditory stimulation. Hence, both conditions have the potential to modulate brain activity of UWS patients.
- 16 February 2021
- Published by Frontiers Media SA in Frontiers in Neuroscience
- Vol. 15
Open AccessAuditory Stimulation Modulates Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome Patients
Passive listening to music is associated with several psychological and physical benefits in both, healthy and diseased populations. In this fMRI study, we examined whether preferred music has effects on the functional connectivity within resting-state networks related to consciousness. Thirteen patients in unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) and 18 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. Both groups were exposed to different auditory stimulation (scanner noise, preferred music, and aversive auditory stimulation). Functional connectivity was analyzed using a seed-based approach. In HC, no differences were found between the three conditions, indicating that their networks are already working at high level. UWS patients showed impaired functional connectivity within all resting-state networks. In addition, functional connectivity of the auditory network was modulated by preferred music and aversive auditory stimulation. Hence, both conditions have the potential to modulate brain activity of UWS patients.
- 27 July 2020
- Published by Georg Thieme Verlag KG in Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie
- Vol. 88 (07) , 459-463
Das Myalgie-Faszikulations-Krampus-Syndrom (MFKS)
Die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Myalgie-Faszikulations-Krampus-Syndrom (MFKS), einer gutartigen Erkrankung, die zu den Hyperexzitabilitätssyndromen des peripheren Nervensystems gezählt wird. Der Artikel stellt die Klinik, Pathophysiologie, Differenzialdiagnostik und Therapie dar und illustriert das MFKS mit einem typischen Fallbericht. The present review focuses on the cramp-fasciculation syndrome, a benign disorder which is regarded as a hyperexcitability syndrome of the peripheral nervous system. The article presents clinical features, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, therapy and a case report to illustrate the cramp-fasciculation-syndrome. Received: 05 July 2019 Accepted: 25 September 2019 Publication Date: 27 July 2020 (online) © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
- 27 July 2020
- Published by Georg Thieme Verlag KG in Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie
- Vol. 88 (07) , 459-463
Das Myalgie-Faszikulations-Krampus-Syndrom (MFKS)
Die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Myalgie-Faszikulations-Krampus-Syndrom (MFKS), einer gutartigen Erkrankung, die zu den Hyperexzitabilitätssyndromen des peripheren Nervensystems gezählt wird. Der Artikel stellt die Klinik, Pathophysiologie, Differenzialdiagnostik und Therapie dar und illustriert das MFKS mit einem typischen Fallbericht. The present review focuses on the cramp-fasciculation syndrome, a benign disorder which is regarded as a hyperexcitability syndrome of the peripheral nervous system. The article presents clinical features, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, therapy and a case report to illustrate the cramp-fasciculation-syndrome. Received: 05 July 2019 Accepted: 25 September 2019 Publication Date: 27 July 2020 (online) © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
- 27 January 2020
- Published by Georg Thieme Verlag KG in Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie
- Vol. 88 (01) , 33-39
Neuropsychologische Langzeitfolgen und Teilhabestörungen nach aneurysmatischer Subarachnoidalblutung (aSAB)
Zusammenfassung: Das vorliegende Review beschäftigt sich mit kognitiven Störungen und Teilhabebeeinträchtigungen nach aneurysmatischen Subarachnoidalblutungen (aSAB). Diese können auch ohne den Nachweis einer substanziellen Hirnschädigung in der neuropsychologisch zu erwartenden Region auftreten. Als Ursache für diese Diskrepanz gelten neuroinflammatorische Prozesse und oxidativer Stress. Am häufigsten sind das verbale Gedächtnis, visuell-räumliche Fähigkeiten, das Gedächtnis für visuelle Inhalte, Aufmerksamkeit, Arbeitsgedächtnis, Exekutivfunktionen (Planung, Kontrolle, Problemlösung, Aufmerksamkeit, Entscheidungsfindung), die allgemeine kognitive Verarbeitungsgeschwindigkeit und die sprachliche Domäne betroffen. Es zeigt sich, dass das Vorhandensein kognitiver Beeinträchtigungen einen wesentlichen Risikofaktor darstellt, nicht mehr beruflich reintegriert werden zu können. Zusätzlich zu den kognitiven Symptomen treten nach einer aSAB auch gehäuft psychiatrische Symptome wie Angst, Depression und Fatigue auf. Diese wirken sich zusätzlich zu den körperlichen und kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen negativ auf die Teilhabe am beruflichen und sozialen Leben aus, was wiederum zu einer schlechteren Lebensqualität beiträgt.
- 27 January 2020
- Published by Georg Thieme Verlag KG in Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie
- Vol. 88 (01) , 33-39
Neuropsychologische Langzeitfolgen und Teilhabestörungen nach aneurysmatischer Subarachnoidalblutung (aSAB)
Zusammenfassung: Das vorliegende Review beschäftigt sich mit kognitiven Störungen und Teilhabebeeinträchtigungen nach aneurysmatischen Subarachnoidalblutungen (aSAB). Diese können auch ohne den Nachweis einer substanziellen Hirnschädigung in der neuropsychologisch zu erwartenden Region auftreten. Als Ursache für diese Diskrepanz gelten neuroinflammatorische Prozesse und oxidativer Stress. Am häufigsten sind das verbale Gedächtnis, visuell-räumliche Fähigkeiten, das Gedächtnis für visuelle Inhalte, Aufmerksamkeit, Arbeitsgedächtnis, Exekutivfunktionen (Planung, Kontrolle, Problemlösung, Aufmerksamkeit, Entscheidungsfindung), die allgemeine kognitive Verarbeitungsgeschwindigkeit und die sprachliche Domäne betroffen. Es zeigt sich, dass das Vorhandensein kognitiver Beeinträchtigungen einen wesentlichen Risikofaktor darstellt, nicht mehr beruflich reintegriert werden zu können. Zusätzlich zu den kognitiven Symptomen treten nach einer aSAB auch gehäuft psychiatrische Symptome wie Angst, Depression und Fatigue auf. Diese wirken sich zusätzlich zu den körperlichen und kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen negativ auf die Teilhabe am beruflichen und sozialen Leben aus, was wiederum zu einer schlechteren Lebensqualität beiträgt.
- 13 September 2019
- Published by Georg Thieme Verlag KG in Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie
- Vol. 87 (09) , 499-502
MRSA-Screening in der neurologisch-neurochirurgischen Frührehabilitation
Zusammenfassung: Methicillin-resistente Staphylococcus-aureus-Stämme (MRSA) haben in der neurologisch-neurochirurgischen Frührehabilitation eine erhebliche medizinische und ökonomische Relevanz. Es ist wichtig, MRSA-Träger möglichst rasch nach Aufnahme zu identifizieren, um Transmissionen zu verhindern und Isolierungs- sowie Dekolonisierungsmaßnahmen einleiten zu können. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Anwendung und Aussagekraft eines PCR-basierten Schnelltests (Polymerase-Kettenreaktion) zum Nachweis von MRSA-Erbgut in Nasen-Rachen-Abstrichen (BD MAX MRSA XT, BD Diagnostics, Heidelberg, Deutschland) von neurologischen Rehabilitanden untersucht und mit dem Standard-Verfahren (Kultur) als Goldstandard verglichen. Im Jahr 2013 wurden innerhalb von sieben Tagen nach Aufnahme bei n = 66 Frührehabilitanden MRSA-Abstriche sowohl mittels PCR-Schnelltest als auch kulturell untersucht. Dabei ergab sich für die PCR eine Sensitivität von 84,6 % mit einer Spezifität von 86,8 %. Der positive prädiktive Wert (PPW) lag bei nur 61,1 %, der negative (NPW) bei 95,8 %. Bei insgesamt 39 Frührehabilitanden lagen PCR und Kultur zeitlich nur bis zu einem Tag auseinander, hierdurch stieg die Sensitivität auf 100 %, die Spezifität auf 90,3 %. In dieser Subgruppe betrug der PPW 72,7 %, der NPW 100 %. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass nach einem positiven PCR-Befund rasch (innerhalb von 24 Stunden) eine kulturelle Untersuchung durchgeführt werden sollte, um eine MRSA-Besiedelung zu verifizieren. Insbesondere der hohe NPW (95,8 bzw. 100 %) zeigt an, dass negativ getestete Patienten auch mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit keine MRSA-Träger sind. Auf ein positives Testergebnis in der PCR kann man sich allerdings weniger gut verlassen (wegen falsch-positiver Ergebnisse), sodass bei Vorliegen eines MRSA-Nachweises in der PCR bei neurologisch-neurochirurgischen Frührehabilitanden eine kulturelle Untersuchung durchgeführt werden sollte, um unnötig lange Isolierungsmaßnahmen zu vermeiden.
- 13 September 2019
- Published by Georg Thieme Verlag KG in Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie
- Vol. 87 (09) , 499-502
MRSA-Screening in der neurologisch-neurochirurgischen Frührehabilitation
Zusammenfassung: Methicillin-resistente Staphylococcus-aureus-Stämme (MRSA) haben in der neurologisch-neurochirurgischen Frührehabilitation eine erhebliche medizinische und ökonomische Relevanz. Es ist wichtig, MRSA-Träger möglichst rasch nach Aufnahme zu identifizieren, um Transmissionen zu verhindern und Isolierungs- sowie Dekolonisierungsmaßnahmen einleiten zu können. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Anwendung und Aussagekraft eines PCR-basierten Schnelltests (Polymerase-Kettenreaktion) zum Nachweis von MRSA-Erbgut in Nasen-Rachen-Abstrichen (BD MAX MRSA XT, BD Diagnostics, Heidelberg, Deutschland) von neurologischen Rehabilitanden untersucht und mit dem Standard-Verfahren (Kultur) als Goldstandard verglichen. Im Jahr 2013 wurden innerhalb von sieben Tagen nach Aufnahme bei n = 66 Frührehabilitanden MRSA-Abstriche sowohl mittels PCR-Schnelltest als auch kulturell untersucht. Dabei ergab sich für die PCR eine Sensitivität von 84,6 % mit einer Spezifität von 86,8 %. Der positive prädiktive Wert (PPW) lag bei nur 61,1 %, der negative (NPW) bei 95,8 %. Bei insgesamt 39 Frührehabilitanden lagen PCR und Kultur zeitlich nur bis zu einem Tag auseinander, hierdurch stieg die Sensitivität auf 100 %, die Spezifität auf 90,3 %. In dieser Subgruppe betrug der PPW 72,7 %, der NPW 100 %. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass nach einem positiven PCR-Befund rasch (innerhalb von 24 Stunden) eine kulturelle Untersuchung durchgeführt werden sollte, um eine MRSA-Besiedelung zu verifizieren. Insbesondere der hohe NPW (95,8 bzw. 100 %) zeigt an, dass negativ getestete Patienten auch mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit keine MRSA-Träger sind. Auf ein positives Testergebnis in der PCR kann man sich allerdings weniger gut verlassen (wegen falsch-positiver Ergebnisse), sodass bei Vorliegen eines MRSA-Nachweises in der PCR bei neurologisch-neurochirurgischen Frührehabilitanden eine kulturelle Untersuchung durchgeführt werden sollte, um unnötig lange Isolierungsmaßnahmen zu vermeiden.