Zewei Zhou

In the era of future mobility within Transportation 5.0, autonomy and cooperation across all road users and smart infrastructure stand as the key features to enhance transportation safety, efficiency, and sustainability, supported by cooperative perception, decision-making and planning, and control. An accurate and robust localization system plays a vital role in enabling these modules for future mobility and is constrained by environmental uncertainties and sensing limitations. To achieve precise and resilient localization in this new era, this paper introduces emerging technologies including edge computing, hybrid data-driven and physical model approaches, foundation models as well as parallel intelligence, that are beneficial for next-generation localization systems. On top of these key technologies, by integrating real-world testing and digital twin technology, we further put forward a Decentralized Autonomous Service (DAS)-based cooperative localization framework for future mobility systems to enhance the resilience, robustness, and safety of transportation systems.

In order to drive safely in a dynamic environment, autonomous vehicles should be able to predict the future states of traffic participants nearby, especially surrounding vehicles, similar to the capability of predictive driving of human drivers. That is why researchers are devoted to the field of trajectory prediction and propose different methods. This paper is to provide a comprehensive and comparative review of trajectory-prediction methods proposed over the last two decades for autonomous driving. It starts with the problem formulation and algorithm classification. Then, the popular methods based on physics, classic machine learning, deep learning, and reinforcement learning are elaborately introduced and analyzed. Finally, this paper evaluates the performance of each kind of method and outlines potential research directions to guide readers.