Yaroslav Paranchuk

We propose a variant of the application of a phenomenological approach using the “black box” concept to the modeling of electrotechnical systems. The method enables obtaining simplified models of a complex electrotechnical system based on a synchronous generator (SG) with an excitation system and an integral estimation of the accuracy of the reproduction of the original step response. The compromise between complexity and accuracy is the basis for obtaining the computer model of different orders utilizing the proposed method. The application of the proposed phenomenological approach is illustrated by the examples.

The article provides an overview of the existing structures of fuzzy model systems for arc length control and optimal control of arc steel-melting furnaces (ASFs) electrical mode. The analysis of known adaptive optimal control strategies of alternating current steel-melting arc furnaces modes according to complex criteria of energy efficiency, energy saving and reliability was performed. Expedient system engineering solutions are proposed for the comprehensive improvement of energy efficiency and electromagnetic compatibility of arc furnaces and the power grid, which are implemented by improving automatic power and arc length control systems. Control principles, indicators of arc length control dynamics, energy efficiency and electromagnetic compatibility of various systems are analyzed. The expediency of using fuzzy control models for comprehensive improvement of dynamics, energy efficiency and electromagnetic compatibility indicators is substantiated. The expediency of implementing simultaneous phase-independent control of arc lengths and fast-acting arc currents control is substantiated. A variant of the double-circuit structure of fuzzy arc lengths control system and implementation of the multi-criteria optimal control strategy of electrical modes (EM) is proposed. The design of fuzzy inference systems for the synthesis of the electrode movement control signal was carried out in order to improve the dynamic accuracy of the ASF electrical mode coordinates stabilization. A computer Simulink model of the developed double-circuit system was created, and studies of the dynamics and energy efficiency indicators when handling deterministic and random perturbations were performed. The obtained results of model studies showed an improvement of the control dynamics quality indicators under the influence of deterministic and random perturbations and an increase in the energy efficiency of ASF EM at various technological stages of melting. The expediency of the practical use of the proposed solutions for operating arc furnaces is substantiated.

A review of the control laws (models) of alternating current arc steelmaking furnaces’ (ASF) electric modes (EM) is carried out. A phase-symmetric three-component additive fuzzy model of electrode movement control signal formation is proposed. A synthesis of fuzzy inference systems based on the Sugeno model for the implementation of the proposed additive three-component fuzzy law of arc length control is performed. A structural computer Simulink model of the EM control system in a high-power arc steelmaking furnace of the DSP-200 type with an ARDM-T-12 arcs power regulator is created. Computer research into control dynamics indicators under the influence of deterministic perturbations and also integral indicators of energy efficiency when handling stationary random arc lengths fluctuations (corresponding to various technological stages of melting) are carried out. A comparative analysis of dynamics indicators, energy efficiency, and electromagnetic compatibility of the proposed fuzzy and known differential model of ASF arc lengths control is carried out. The implementation of the proposed fuzzy three-component additive control model in comparison with the existing deterministic differential one reduces the dispersion of voltages, currents, and arcs powers, reduces electrical losses in an arc furnace high-power network by 10–22% and increases the average arc power by 0.9–1.5%.

To stabilize the electrical mode of an arc steelmaking furnace in the initial stages of melting, it is advisable to use a high-speed current-limiting system, in addition to the traditional electrode movement control system. This system is implemented by including the primary winding of the furnace transformer choke, controlled by thyristors. The use of such a system, on the one hand, reduces the negative impact of the arc steel furnace on the the power supply network operation and, on the other, affects the operation of the electrode movement system, built on the principle of an impedance regulator. In order to analyze the mutual influences between such systems, a mathematical model for the power supply and control system of the arc steelmaking furnace was created. The developed model can work in real time, which corresponds to the world trends of modern control system synthesis for complex technological objects. In the created model, the work of the combined control system with different approaches to the formation of the control effect in the high-speed circuit and the effect of the combined control system on the power supply system of the ASF are analyzed.

The synthesis of a real-time model of the electric mode of an arc steelmaking furnace is shown. This model is based on the method of medium-voltage and can be used to analyze the impact of the arc steelmaking furnace on the supply network at different stages of the melting process at different control systems of the electromechanical electrode movement system, and to create model-predictive control systems of electrode movement, when control using hardware in the loop technology. To implement the chosen method, the dynamic arc resistance was used. The last was obtained on the basis of the averaged experimentally taken volt-ampere characteristics of the arc. In paper was proposed its approximation as a current function and arc length. The simulation results obtained using the created model for different operation modes of the arc steelmaking chipboard for a system with a traditional regulator of the electrode movement system are demonstrated.

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Goal The purpose of the paper is to increase the efficiency of arc steelmaking furnace (ASF) operating modes control basing on the improvement of arc lengths control model Method The control model is based on the fuzzy set theory, and the structural modelling methodology is used to study the dynamics indices. Results. The structural scheme of a furnace arc lengths fuzzy control system and the electrical mode (EM) coordinate control dynamics parameters values in response to the deterministic and random arc lengths fluctuations were obtained Scientific novelty. For the first time, a fuzzy model of an EM mismatch signal generation with operational adaptation to its current state in each phase was developed which enabled by-phase independent control of arc lengths and improved energy efficiency. Practical value. Dynamic accuracy of EM coordinates stabilization at the setpoint level is improved, in particular the arc currents dispersion is reduced, which leads to a corresponding power loss decrease in arc furnace short network, an increase of the furnace productivity, as well as to an improvement of the electromagnetic compatibility of the arc furnace and power supply network.

Мета. Метою статті є створення трифазної у миттєвих координатах комп’ютерної Simulink-моделі системи живлення та системи автоматичного регулювання (САР) координат електричного режиму (ЕР) дугової сталеплавильної печі типу ДСП-200, яка має зручний інтерфейс для зміни структури та параметрів системи живлення трифазних дуг, структури системи та законів керування електричним режимом, а також стохастичних характеристик параметричних та координатних збурень. Методика. Для проведення досліджень використовувалися положення теорії електричних кіл, експериментальні дослідження і математичне та комп’ютерне моделювання в додатку Simulink пакету Маtlab. Результати. Створено високоточну комп’ютерну у миттєвих координатах Simulink-модель системи живлення та САР координат ЕР ДСП-200 та з її використанням проведено дослідження ЕР та отримано оцінки показників функціонування дугової печі у різних технологічних періодах плавлення та за різних структур системи автоматичного керування (САК). Наукова новизна. Вперше на основі поєднання елементів бібліотеки додатку Simulink та типових бібліотечних блоків SimPowerSystems програми Matlab складено трифазну у миттєвих координатах повну модель системи живлення та САК ЕР дугової печі ДСП-200, яка має значні переваги по точності, швидкодії та функціональних можливостях у порівнянні з відомими моделями. Практична цінність. Можливість виконання на створеній Simulink-моделі математичних експериментів з дослідження показників динаміки регулювання координат ЕР та показників електромагнітної сумісності режимів ДСП та електромережі при дії детермінованих і випадкових збурень.