Eveline Margo

An important metric for managing managing patients with serious illnesses is the duration of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU). According to data from Indonesia (2023), 68.2% among patients who were given treatment in the ICU for at least five days. Although research on this topic is still unclear, the quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score is employed to forecast organ failure and the probability of prolonged duration stay. The aim of this study is to ascertain whether ICU patients' duration of stay and their qSOFA score are related. Getting secondary data from ICU patients admitted from the emergency room between January and December 2024, this observational study with a retrospective cohort design was carried out at Rumah Sakit Angkatan Laut Dr. Mintohardjo, Jakarta. 205 participants that met the inclusion criteria were chosen through successive sampling from all patients. For statistical analysis, the chi-square test was used with a significance level of p = 0.05. 50.2% of the individuals were between the ages of 18 and 59, and 54.1% of them were men, with an average stay of 4.84±3.46 days, the most prevalent qSOFA score was 2 (43.9%). The duration of stay in the ICU did not significantly correlate with the qSOFA score (p value = 0.326, p > 0.05).

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is still a great challenge in the public health domain to this day. Sputum collection from TB patients followed by an examination of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) is a common diagnostic tool routinely done; however, it could lead to false negative results when the patient excretes saliva instead of sputum. Meanwhile, bacterial culture, which is the gold standard, is time- and labor-consuming. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of RNA that is small (18-25 nucleotides) and controls the function of messenger RNA (mRNA). MicroRNA is the 6th and most recent cell communication pathway discovered, as the secreted miRNAs are encased in exosomes and can circulate throughout the body and can be found in any body fluids including sputum. MiRNAs in TB patients associated with TB infection can be expressed as increased or decreased according to the severity of the infection. MiRNA-155 and 21 are miRNAs with increased expression in active pulmonary TB and decrease in the healing process, so both miRNAs hold the potency to be used as biomarkers to monitor the level of disease activity and the healing process.

The prevalence of hypertension accompanied by obesity is increasing. This not only happens in developed countries, but is also a problem in developing countries. Hypertension with obesity presents new problems in the management of hypertension. Medical therapy alone is not enough, there must be intervention to reduce and control blood pressure, lose weight and change lifestyle. The aim of this service is to increase public awareness of high blood pressure and obesity so that it can reduce morbidity and death rates due to complications of high blood pressure. This service is carried out by checking participants' blood pressure, Body Mass Index, education and teaching participants how to use a blood pressure monitor independently at home to control blood pressure. There were 50 service participants who attended. The age range of participants is 40 to 75 years with the average age of service participants being 2.75 years. There were 35 female participants while there were 15 male participants. There were 33 participants diagnosed with high blood pressure, while 17 people with normal blood pressure. Participants diagnosed with hypertension based on JNC 8 were 66%, divided into grade 1, 72.2%, and grade 2, 27.27%. Participants' body mass index was categorized as normal at 24% and obese and/or overweight at 76%. The correlation between blood pressure and obesity was found to be significant (p<0.05). The conclusion that there was a higher rate of participants with hypertension than normal and there was a significant relationship between the risk of hypertension and obesity. Keyword: Blood Pressure, Hypertension, Obese, Body Mass Index, Elderly. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstrak Hipertensi adalah penyakit degeneratif yang bersifat kronis yang mengenai pembuluh darah. Kasus hipertensi yang dipengaruhi oleh obesitas terus meningkat, tidak hanya di negara maju, tetapi juga menjadi perhatian serius di negara berkembang. Kondisi ini memerlukan strategi baru dalam pengelolaan hipertensi. Pengobatan dengan obat-obatan saja tidak memadai, diperlukan intervensi yang lebih luas untuk mengendalikan tekanan darah, menurunkan berat badan, dan mengubah gaya hidup.Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan perubahan perilaku, sikap dan pencegahan terhadap tekanan darah tinggi dan obesitas sehingga dapat menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian akibat komplikasi tekanan darah tinggi. Pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan cara memeriksa tekanan darah peserta, Indeks Massa Tubuh, edukasi serta mengajarkan peserta cara penggunaan tensimeter secara mandiri dirumah untuk mengontrol tekanan darah. Peserta pengabdian yang hadir berjumlah 50 orang. Jangkauan usia peserta adalah 40 hingga 75 tahun dengan peserta lanjut usia berjumlah 42 orang. Rerata usia peserta pengabdian ini adalah 62,75 tahun. Peserta perempuan berjumlah 35 orang sedangkan peserta laki-laki berjumlah 15 orang. Peserta yang terdiagnosa tekanan darah tinggi berjumlah 33 orang sedangkan yang normal berjumlah 17 orang. Peserta yang terdiagnosis hipertensi berdasarkan Joint National Committee (JNC) 8 sebesar 66% terbagi menjadi grade 1 sebanyak 72,2% dan grade 2 sebanyak 27,27%. Indeks massa tubuh peserta dikategorikan normal sebesar 24% dan obesitas dan atau berat badan lebih sebesar 76%. Analisa statistik untuk menentukan korelasi antara tekanan darah menggunakan software JASP 0.19.3. Data tekanan darah dan indeks massa tubuh berdistribusi normal dan menggunakan uji Pearson dengan nilai kemaknaan (p<0,05). Kesimpulan didapatkan bahwa jumlah peserta dengan hipertensi lebih tinggi dibandingkan normal dan terdapat korelasi signifikan antara risiko terjadinya hipertensi dengan normal dan terdapat korelasi signifikan antara risiko terjadinya hipertensi dengan obesitas. Kata kunci: Tekanan darah, Hipertensi, Obesitas, Indeks Massa Tubuh, Lanjut Usia.

Background: Obesity is influenced by genetic factors, lifestyle, and environmental factors. This increase in obesity gives rise to various chronic disease problems.Objectives: This study aimed to identify genetic variations of Vitamin D receptors and determine the relationship to obesity in terms of body mass index and body fat percentage in the working group.Methods: This study is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional research design approach in the Jembatan Dua area, Angke sub-district, West Jakarta. The research instrument used was a questionnaire to obtain characteristic data, as well as an examination of VDR gene variations rs1544410, rs2228570, rs7975232, and PCR examination to obtain data on gene variation.Results: The results obtained are as follows: the average age of subjects was 42.24, with 58.1% females. A total of 39 (69.1%) are Javanese. Thirty-one (50%) subjects were included in the category of obesity (BMI> 25), and 41 (66.1%) subjects were obese category based on the body fat percentage. The results of bivariate analysis obtained SNP VDR FoxI gene obtained a significant relationship with body mass index with a p-value of 0.047, while the VDR BsmI gene obtained a statistically meaningful relationship with body fat percentage with a p-value of 0.043.Conclusion: FoxI and BsmI VDR polymorphisms are associated with body mass index and body fat percentage.

College students are group who experience various physical changes, which can be measurement through body mass index (BMI). Uncontrolled eating behavior and habits can affect nutritional conditions. Supported by technological advances can make more easier to order food through applications. The aim is to assess using online food ordering application relationship with college students’s nutritional status. This study was using an observational analytic design with cross sectional approach. Total respondents are 174 college students. The study was held in Universitas Trisakti, West Jakarta, Indonesia. The inclusion criteria were aged 17-22 years, studying in the Faculty of Economics and Bussiness, have history of using online food ordering applications, willingly to participate. The exclusion criteria were history of heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, smoking dan drinking alcohol. We used simple random sampling and the measurement of using online food ordering application by questionnaire and BMI measurement using weight and height. The conclucion showed that using onling food ordering applications had no relationship with college students’s nutritional status (p=0.739; p>0.05)

Pernikahan dini mayoritas terjadi di negara berkembang, data Badan Pusat Statistik menyatakan angka kelahiran ibu muda terjadi di usia 15–19 tahun di Indonesia. Perubahan fisik dan emosional postpartum merupakan penyebab terjadinya baby blues. Menurut WHO (2014) angka kejadian baby blues berkisar 50–70 %. Penyebabnya dari berbagai faktor, di antaranya dukungan sosial dan nyeri melahirkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari hubungan dukungan sosial dan nyeri melahirkan dengan risiko baby blues pada ibu bersalin usia dini. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Muara Padang, Sumatera Selatan dengan rancangan potong lintang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode random sampling. Penelitian dilakukan antara bulan Agustus - November 2022, didapatkan 84 subjek yang berumur antara 15–19 tahun, melahirkan dalam 1 minggu dan bersedia mengikuti penelitian. Penilaian dukungan sosial memakai kuesioner Berlin Social Support Scale, untuk menilai nyeri melahirkan memakai Numerical Rating Scale dan Edinburgh Postpartum Depresion Scale untuk menilai risiko baby blues. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-square (p<0,05). Hasil penelitian didapatkan tidak berhubungan signifikan antara dukungan sosial dengan risiko baby blues (p0,235), sedangkan untuk nyeri melahirkan berhubungan signifikan dengan risiko baby blues (p0,001). Kesimpulannya tidak terdapat hubungan antara dukungan sosial dengan risiko baby blues dan terdapat hubungan antara nyeri melahirkan dengan risiko baby blues.

Chronic pain can result from various clinical conditions and may persist for more than three months. The symptoms can range from mild to severe. While chronic pain can be associated with various diseases, its exact cause sometimes remains unclear. In 2019, data from the National Health Interview Survey in the United States indicated that approximately 1 in 5 adults experienced chronic pain, with over 7% frequently limiting their activities due to this condition. However, there is no comparable data available for Indonesia. Chronic pain restricts activities and can decrease a person’s quality of life. Various options are available for pain management, one of which is non-pharmacological therapy, including hot-cold compresses, massage and stretching techniques, music therapy, and aromatherapy. These therapies aim to improve bodily function, regulate emotions, reduce weakness, stress, and anxiety, and decrease the need for pain medication. Gout is among the most common causes of chronic pain, with a prevalence of 3.9% in the US, 2.5% in Europe, and 7.3% in Indonesia, according to Riskesdas (2018). Based on this, local citizens were provided with education about pain management. This community service activity involved educating citizens on non-pharmacological treatments for chronic pain management and offering health services to residents of Angke. The purpose was to increase knowledge about non-pharmacological treatments for managing chronic pain. This activity was conducted on April 27th, 2024, from 07.00 to 12.00 at the Dhammasavana School in the Angke sub-district area, West Jakarta. The activities proceeded smoothly and in an orderly manner. A comparison of citizens’ knowledge before and after the education revealed a 58.18% increase in knowledge, contributing to improved welfare among the local residents.

Gastritis is a disease caused by an inflammation of the mucous and submucosal lining of the stomach. Several studies show that there is an influence of smoking habit and coffee consumption on gastritis incidence rate. The study was to determine the correlation between smoking habit and coffee consumption toward gastritis at productive ages. The research is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design conducted in Makale Health Center, South Sulawesi, in February 2020. Required data was gathered by conducting guided interviews using a questionnaire that includes age range, sex, and education level. Brinkman Index was used to measure smoking habits, coffee consumption, and gastritis questionnaire. Data was analyzed using a chi-square test with a significance level of p=0.05. From a total of 115 respondents, there are 69.6% included in the age range of 26–35 years old, 58.3% have mild smoking habits, 56.5% have severe coffee consumption, and 85.2% are suffering from gastritis. There is a relation between smoking habit (p=0.029) and coffee consumption (p=0.003) with gastritis (p<0.05). The conclusion is that there is a relationship between smoking habits, coffee consumption, and gastritis incidence.

In the realm of sports, caffeine has become a popular choice for athletes seeking to enhance their strength and maintain peak performance levels. Research has demonstrated that caffeine can facilitate the conversion of fat into energy and increase calcium levels within muscle cells, thereby improving muscle performance and reducing fatigue. This study was conducted to examine the impact of coffee consumption on muscle strength in a male high school futsal team. Employing an experimental method involving a one-group pre-post test design, the study included 22 teenagers. This research was conducted at SMA 5 Tambun Selatan, Bekasi. The researchers utilized the vertical jump test to gauge leg muscle strength both before and after administering coffee to participants and analysed use paired t-test. The result is increased muscle strength after giving coffee at a dose of 2mg CAF/kgBW (51.45±8.92) and 3mg CAF/kgBW (54.05±8.81) compared to before giving coffee (46.68±9.99). There is relationship between coffee consumption and increased muscle strength (p=0.00)

Aging is a progressive process caused by a physiological decline in body functions. It is known that several factors can accelerate aging, namely age, lifestyle, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial damage. Various pollutants such as cigarette smoke, motor vehicle fumes, industrial waste, and exposure to sunlight / ultraviolet light will form free radicals. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level is one of the indicators used to measure oxidative stress. Increased MDA levels are found in various degenerative diseases. This study aims to determine plasma MDA levels in the age group of 40 years and over and factors that can affect plasma MDA levels. This study was a cross-sectional study by including 42 subjects. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire to obtain subject demographic data and physical activity, as well as physical examinations complemented by laboratory examinations and MDA levels. The mean age of the subjects was 52.7 years, and most of the 32 (76.2%) subjects were categorized as obese and had high activity. Pearson correlation test obtained body mass index statistically significantly correlated with plasma MDA levels with a value of p = 0.039, as well as physical activity statistically significantly correlated with a negative correlation, with a value of r = -0.26 and p = 0.043. Conclusion Body mass index and activity are significantly correlated with plasma MDA levels. Keywords: malondialdehyde, stress, oxidative, radicals