Leila Sultanayeva

Mastitis in dairy cows, caused by pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans, leads to substantial economic losses and contributes to antimicrobial resistance, emphasizing the need for natural alternatives. This study assessed the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, and in vitro antimicrobial effects of ethanol extracts from ten medicinal plants, including Populus balsamifera buds, Syzygium aromaticum, and Humulus lupulus, as well as two multi-component plant mixtures and commercial products against reference strains and field isolates of mastitis pathogens. Extracts exhibited total phenolic contents ranging from 2.5 to 43.0 mg GE/g, with Populus balsamifera and Syzygium aromaticum demonstrating the strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀ 1.89–2.9 mg/g extract). Disc diffusion assays demonstrated broad-spectrum inhibition, particularly for Populus balsamifera (15.1–19.1 mm inhibition zones) and Humulus lupulus (9.0–18.4 mm) against key pathogens; phenolic and flavonoid contents positively correlated with antimicrobial activity (r = 0.63–0.99, p < 0.001). Multi-component mixtures provided consistent broad-spectrum effects (12.6–17.2 mm). These phenolic-rich plant extracts represent promising alternatives to reduce antibiotic use in dairy mastitis management.

Background and Aim. For farmers and dairy producers, producing safe and high-quality milk is a top priority. Despite the enormous number of animals, there are several causes for low milk yield, such as the prevalence of livestock-borne diseases, widespread livestock farming techniques, and a low realization of the genetic potential of animals. Mastitis is a common infectious condition in dairy production that is the primary source of antibiotic residues in milk and has a substantial financial impact. The study aimed to investigate the effects of an extruded polyfunctional feed supplement called «BioFeed-P» which contains bitter wormwood extract on the physico-chemical and organoleptic characteristics of mastitic cow milk. Materials and Methods. The research material included samples of cow's milk and feed additives made of extruded components that were created by barothermal treatment of grain forage, specifically barley, and oats, with the addition of the extruded BioFeed-P additive and wormwood bitter extract. The additive was created and manufactured at the NCJSC «S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University» in the manufacturing and testing workshop of «NFT-KATU» LLP. Standard organoleptic and physicochemical techniques were used to study milk. Results. It was demonstrated that feed additives improved the physicochemical characteristics of milk. There was a 3.1% increase in protein content and a 10% increase in milk fat content. Following the application of extruded additives with phytogenics, a 68% reduction in the number of somatic cells in the milk of mastitis-affected cows was noted. Conclusion. When combined with bitter wormwood extract, the extruded BioFeed-P additive improves physicochemical parameters and dramatically lowers the number of somatic cells in milk from mastitis-affected cows.

The increasing antimicrobial resistance among mastitis pathogens necessitates alternative therapeutic approaches in dairy cattle. This study evaluated the antimicrobial efficacy of selected plant extracts against both reference and production strains of mastitis-associated microorganisms in vitro, and assessed the in vivo effects of an extruded feed additive (the wormwood-poplar extract additive) containing Artemisia absinthium and Populus balsamifera extracts, on udder health and milk quality in cows with subclinical mastitis. In vitro assays demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity of citrus peel (Citrus spp.) and spruce (Picea abies) extracts against Candida spp., Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus, including resistant field isolates. The 15-day in vivo trial involving 60 Holstein cows revealed a 68% reduction in somatic cell counts (p = 0.017) following supplementation, achieving compliance with top-grade milk standards without compromising milk composition or sensory attributes. These findings underscore the potential of phytogenic compounds as effective, natural alternatives for mastitis control, promoting sustainable dairy production and reduced antibiotic reliance.

This article presents the results of research on the effectiveness of a feed additive based on a spent mushroom substrate aimed at improving animal productivity and health. The experiments were conducted on rabbits and dairy goats. During the experiment, the effect of a mushroom substrate additive on the body weight of rabbits was studied. According to the results of the experiment, it was found that rabbits from the experimental group showed an average body weight gain up to 3.06 ± 0.27 kg, which is 18.6% of the initial weight. A significant body weight gain is the evidence of the positive effect of a feed additive on the animal development and digestive process. In contrast to the experimental group, the control group, receiving a traditional diet, showed a decrease in body weight by 1.9%, which indicates a possible insufficient supply of essential nutrients. The research conducted on dairy goats of the Kamori breed using feed containing spent mushroom substrate showed a noticeable increase in milk fat content from 3.03 to 5.93%, which is 2.9% higher than the initial indicators. These results indicate that the mushroom substrate not only improves animal growth rates but can also significantly increase the dairy production productivity. The results of the research allow us to conclude that the spent mushroom substrate can be effectively used as a feed component to increase the productivity and health of farm animals, which opens up prospects for its introduction into feeding practice.

В данной статье опубликованы результаты исследования питательной ценности и витаминного состава стартового корма для перепелов. Целью этого исследования было определение показателей химического и витмаинного состава стартового экструдированного корма для перепел, разработанного в КАТИУ им.С.Сейфуллина. Объект исследования -образцы разработанного стартового корма для перепелов. Определение химического состава разработанного опытного корма проводили в лаборатории «Анализ корма и молока» КазАТИУ им.С.Сейфуллина. Содержание витаминов группы В: В6, В2, В1, В5, В3 и витамина С определяли по ГОСТ 31483-2012, а содержание витамина Е определяли по ГОСТ Р 54634-2011. По проведенным результатам исследования химического состава корма получены следующие показатели, как сырой протеин, сырая клетчатка, жир, зола, крахмал. Высокое содержание сухого вещества (91,7%), что может быть полезно для роста молодых перепелов. В коммерческом корме имеет наименьшее содержание сухого вещества (89,6%). Содержания сырого протеина (27,6%). В корме Хозяйстве 1 (23%), меньше на 4,6%. По содержанию жира в разработанном корме показатель составил (7,1%). В коммерческие корма содержат меньше жира, что составило от 6,1-6,9%. Наибольшее содержание клетчатки в коммерческом корме (4,07%) усложняют переваривание других питательных веществ корма. Так же, стоит обратить важное внимание на количества крахмала. Содержание крахмала в корме старт 26,1%, в коммерческом корме 32,17-33,13%. Показатель витамина B1 в корме составляет 0,052%, B6-0,026%, B2-0,031%, B5-0,048% и B3-0,082%. Витамин С и витамин Е составили 0,632% и 18,75% соответственно.

The research tasks has been to study feed diets developed effect on quail meat performance and poultry meat veterinary and sanitary evaluation after these feed usage. Feed bioadditive usage has been established to effect positively on quail performance and poultry meat amino acid composition.