Natalya A. Kulagina

This study investigates the effect of co-doping with nanographene on the properties of FTO layers produced by spray pyrolysis. The results show that co-doping with nanographene enhances phase separation processes within the bulk of the FTO layer. The inhomogeneities formed during phase separation are depleted of fluorine compared to the film bulk. Co-doping with nanographene also significantly modifies the optical properties of the FTO layers. Specifically, it alters the position and intensity of the peaks in the reflection spectra, indicating a change in the nature of the absorbing centers. Furthermore, the optical bandgap of the FTO layers decreases with an increasing degree of nanographene doping. Finally, co-doping with nanographene reduces the resistance of the FTO layers, which can be attributed to an increase in charge carrier mobility.

The aim of this work is to synthesize Nd2O3 nanotubes via chemical deposition followed by thermal treatment. Nd(OH)3 nanotubes were synthesized using Nd(NO3)3 as a precursor and NaOH as a precipitant. After thermal treatment, crystalline Nd2O3 nanotubes were obtained. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were conducted to study the thermal effects and phase transitions during the synthesis. X-ray phase analysis (XRD) was used to determine the phase composition and crystal structure. In addition, the construction of the crystal lattice structure is carried out using programs.The morphological characteristics of the obtained nanotubes were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that after thermal treatment at 790 °C, the complete formation of Nd2O3 occurred, with an average diameter of 28±6 nm and a length of approximately 118±10 nm. The results show that thermal treatment led to the transformation of Nd(OH)3 into Nd2O3 nanotubes. These Nd₂O₃ nanotubes, with their unique morphology and size, are of significant interest for use in magnetic materials, catalysis, and optoelectronics, offering potential applications in the development of high-performance permanent magnets and other advanced materials.

In this paper, thin films based on tin dioxide containing hierarchical structures were synthesized. The process of “growing” these structures was carried out by introducing ammonium hydroxide into the composition of the initial film-forming solutions. The shape and volume of the hierarchical structures were regulated by the amount of introduced ammonium hydroxide. The optical properties of the obtained samples were also studied for further use as transparent conductive coatings. The films were applied using spray pyrolysis. During mapping, it was found that the greatest accumulation of tin was observed along the contour of the structures. Whereas oxygen and chlorine were distributed relatively uniformly over the surface of the samples. Elemental analysis of the samples showed that in all samples the ratio of elements was as follows: Sn>O2>Cl2. The highest tin content was in the sample synthesized from the initial solution containing 0.8 ml of ammonium hydroxide. To determine the effect of the content of hierarchical structures on the optical properties, transmission spectra of the synthesized samples were recorded. The analysis of the results showed that with an increase in the addition of ammonium hydroxide in the composition of the initial solution, the transmittance of the samples decreases, but not critically. They still remain optically transparent.

Показано поведение теплозащитного керамического композиционного материала на основе волокон ZrO2 в концентрированном потоке солнечной энергии в условиях сильно неравновесного температурного и светового поля. Показано изменение структуры и морфологии материала в зависимости от температуры его термообработки. Во время эксперимента максимальная температура на поверхности образца на основе волокон ZrO2 достигала 1600 оС, что значительно ниже рабочей температуры эксплуатации материалов на основе ZrO2. В результате воздействия концентрированного потока солнечной энергии на теплозащитном материале наблюдаются эффекты спекания, усадки, деформации и разрушения; материал теряет свои физико-механические и теплоизоляционные свойства.

Results are presented obtained in measurements of current–voltage characteristics of organic solar cells with and without antiref lection coatings produced by melting in a solar furnace of 95 : 5 and...