Valentina I. Vetosheva

Field rotational work is widely implemented now in northern and arctic regions, which, combined with adverse environmental factors, complicates human adaptation in high latitudes and, ultimately, leads to a decrease in performance and the emergence of stress-induced diseases. Using adaptogens to increase the body's functional reserves and optimize physical performance is promising direction of modern ecological physiology and restorative medicine. The effect of nutritional supplement Adasten containing purified phytoecdysteroids 20-hydroxyecdysone and inokosterone extracted from leaves of Serratula coronata L., on the cardiovascular system of two groups of men (under thirty and older) received an increasing load (100, 175, 200 W) by means of bicycle ergometer was investigated. Adasten intake on the background of physical activity leads to increased concentrations of cortisol in peripheral blood of most of men surveyed (average of 637 nmol/L). The rise in cortisol concentration was higher in physically more trained individuals but it's level did not exceed the normal range. It was found that Adasten intake for 3 weeks (the daily dose was 20 mg of phytoecdysteroids) leads to reducing the increment in heart rate, reduction of time of its recovery, reduced chronotropic reserve, increase pulse pressure, cardiac output and minute blood volume after physical load. The observed adaptive shifts, which were more pronounced in the group of men under 30 years old, indicate an effective mobilization of energy resources in the body and more economical heart work under the influence of nutritional supplement Adasten, which can be recommended as an adaptogenic agent for people who perform intensive physical work in the North.

The incidence of food addiction (FA) and associations between FA and anthropometric and psycho‐emotional characteristics of young Russian adults were studied. In this study, 1,237 students (age, M = 20.6, SD = 4.6 years; 79% females) of universities located in four cities of Russia were attended. They provided demographics and filled in the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, and the Zung Self‐Rating Depression Scale. Data were analysed via Chi‐squared tests, logistic regression analysis, and an analysis of covariance. 13.2% of participants met diagnostic criteria for FA based on the YFAS. On average, the participants reported 2.6 FA symptoms (SD = 1.5). FA was more commonly detected in females (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.10, 3.15, p = .021). No relationship was found between age and the incidence of FA. Significant positive associations between FA, the severity of depression (OR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.91, 2.80, p = .000), and an emotional eating behaviour (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.20, 1.76, p = .000) were found. The waist‐to‐height ratio was found to be the anthropometric indicator most closely associated with FA (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.27, 1.76, p = .000).Highlights: The prevalence of food addiction in the current sample was 13.2%. In young Russian adults, emotional eating behaviour and depression are associated with food addiction. In young Russian adults, the waist‐to‐height ratio is the anthropometric indicator most closely associated with food addiction.