Giuseppe Ascione

Urban flood simulation requires numerical models capable of representing the two-dimensional propagation of water over topographically complex surfaces under intense rainfall and localized inflows. The paper presents a two-dimensional hydraulic model based on the Saint-Venant equations (shallow-water equations). The numerical model uses a Rusanov-type flux and operates on raster-based digital elevation models (DEMs). Notably, it allows for the modeling of both spatially distributed rainfall over the domain (rain-on-grid approach) and multiple independent point sources representing urban drainage system surcharging or overflow, each associated with a specific discharge hydrograph. The results confirm the model’s reliability for urban hydraulic hazard assessments.

The integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) with intelligent optimization techniques can significantly enhance the design efficiency of water distribution networks (WDNs). Despite this, the dynamic interoperability between BIM platforms and hydraulic simulation tools remains limited. This study introduces DyEHS (Dynamo–EPANET–Harmony Search), a novel workflow integrating Autodesk Civil 3D, EPANET, and Harmony Search via Dynamo, to address this gap. DyEHS enables the automated optimization of pipe diameters and network layouts, aiming to minimize capital costs while satisfying hydraulic constraints. In a real-world case study, DyEHS achieved a 15% reduction in the total pipe network costs compared to traditional uniform-diameter designs, while ensuring that all nodes maintained a minimum pressure of 25 m. This quantifiable improvement highlights the tool’s potential for practical engineering applications, offering a robust, adaptable, and fully integrated BIM-based solution for WDN design.

Digital models of water distribution networks are essential for the optimal design and management of infrastructure systems. By utilizing Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology, it is possible to develop new flow charts for the efficient design of hydraulic infrastructures. The interoperability offered by these technologies allows for the integration of various workflows, enabling tailored solutions for specific case studies. Among these tools, AutoCAD Civil 3D (C3D) is one of the most versatile BIM platforms, providing robust solutions for better integration and management of infrastructure projects. This paper introduces DyEHS, a powerful new tool that integrates seamlessly within the C3D environment. DyEHS combines the capabilities of Dynamo, EPANET 2.2, and the Harmony Search algorithm to optimize the design of water distribution networks. The tool generates a comprehensive 3D BIM model, automatically recognizing fittings and appurtenances (in C3D environment). Additionally, DyEHS simplifies the management of both the horizontal layout and vertical profiles of the network, making it an efficient and adaptable solution for water distribution projects.