Humberto Garcilazo

We review our recent findings on the structure and properties of exotic heavy hadrons, focusing on two main topics. First, we examine the role of correlations driven by the short-range Coulomb-like color interaction in hidden heavy-flavor pentaquarks. We show how this framework consistently accounts for the observed pattern of $P_c$ and $P_{cs}$ states in the hidden-charm sector and enables predictions for the hidden-bottom sector, where experimental data are still lacking. The second topic explores the possibility of forming stable multihadron molecules from deeply bound two-hadron exotic states. In this context, a bound state of three B mesons, denoted as $T_{bbb}$, with quantum numbers $\left(I\right)J^P=(1/2)2^{-}$, is presented. We find that the binding energy generally decreases as the number of hadrons increases, primarily due to effects of the Pauli principle and the appearance of new decay thresholds. Nonetheless, resonances may still arise in specific cases, depending on the internal thresholds of the system. Finally, we discuss how the decay width of an exotic multihadron resonance can offer valuable insights into its internal structure and underlying dynamics.

Lattice QCD studies have shown the attractive character of the $^1S_0$ $Ω_{QQQ}Ω_{QQQ}$, $Q=s,c,b$, interaction, predicting deeply bound states as the mass of the heavy quark increases. This has led to the question of the possible existence of bound states of more than two $Ω_{QQQ}$ baryons, in particular $Ω_{QQQ}Ω_{QQQ}Ω_{QQQ}$ bound states. We discuss how these states might not exist in nature in any flavor sector. The reason would be due to the simultaneous action of two consequences of the Pauli principle in the different partial waves: one at the baryon level, affecting the $^1S_0$ partial wave, and the other due to the quark substructure, affecting the $^5S_2$ partial wave.

We have recently studied hidden-charm pentaquarks, $c\overline{c}qqq$, using the dynamical correlations between the heavy quarks arising from the Coulomb-like nature of the short-range interaction. A pattern was obtained that compares well with the experimental data. We extend our description to other flavor sectors which can be framed within the same type of structures discussed in the original paper. A detailed comparison is made with other results in the literature and with experimental data. The predictions will be a useful tool to discriminate between different models of multiquark system dynamics.

JLab has recently found indications of the possible existence of a $\Sigma NN$ resonance at $(3.14 \pm 0.84) - i (2.28 \pm 1.2)$ MeV. In the past, using models that exploit symmetries between the two-baryon sector with and without strangeness, hyperon-nucleon interactions have been derived that reproduce the experimental data of the strangeness $-1$ sector. We make use of these interactions to review existing Faddeev studies of the $\Lambda NN$-$\Sigma NN$ system that show theoretical evidences about a $(I,J^P)=(1,1/2^+)$ $\Sigma NN$ quasibound state near threshold. The calculated position of the pole is at 2.92$\,-i\,$2.17 MeV, in reasonable agreement with the experimental findings.

We have recently studied hidden-charm pentaquarks, $c\bar c qqq$, using dynamical correlations between the heavy quarks arising from the Coulomb-like nature of the short-range interaction. A pattern was obtained that compares well with the experimental data. We extend our description to other flavor sectors which can be framed within the same type of structures discussed in the original paper. A detailed comparison is made with other results in the literature and with experimental data. Predictions will be a useful tool to discriminate between different models of multiquark system dynamics.

We study hidden-flavor pentaquarks, $Q\overline{Q}qqq$, based on a constituent quark-model with a standard quark-quark interaction that reproduces the low-energy meson and baryon spectra. We make use of dynamical correlations between the heavy quarks arising from the Coulomb-like nature of the short-range interaction. A detailed comparison is made with other results in the literature and with experimental data. Our results show a different pattern for open-flavor and hidden-flavor pentaquarks, as suggested by the data. Further implications about the existence of quarkonia bound to nuclei are discussed.

The lattice QCD analysis of the HAL QCD Collaboration has recently derived $\mathrm{\Omega }N$ and $\mathrm{\Omega }\mathrm{\Omega }$ interacting potentials with nearly physical quark masses ($m_{\pi }\simeq 146$ MeV and $m_K\simeq 525$ MeV). They found an attractive interaction in the $\mathrm{\Omega }N{}^{5}S_2$ channel which supports a bound state with a central binding energy of 1.54 MeV. The $\mathrm{\Omega }\mathrm{\Omega }{}^{1}S_0$ channel shows an overall attraction with a bound state with a central binding energy of 1.6 MeV. In this paper we looked closely at the $\mathrm{\Omega }\mathit{NN}$ and $\mathrm{\Omega }\mathrm{\Omega }N$ three-body systems making use of the latest HAL QCD Collaboration $\mathrm{\Omega }N$ and $\mathrm{\Omega }\mathrm{\Omega }$ interactions. Our results show that the $\mathrm{\Omega }d$ system in the state with maximal spin $\left(I\right)J^P=\left(0\right)5/2^{+}$ is bound with a binding energy of about 20 MeV. The $\left(I\right)J^P=\left(1\right)3/2^{+}\mathrm{\Omega }nn$ state presents a resonance decaying to $\mathrm{\Lambda }\mathrm{\Xi }n$ and $\mathrm{\Sigma }\mathrm{\Xi }n$, with a separation energy of $\sim 1$ MeV. The $\left(I\right)J^P=(1/2)1/2^{+}\mathrm{\Omega }\mathrm{\Omega }N$ state also exhibits a resonance decaying to $\mathrm{\Lambda }\mathrm{\Xi }\mathrm{\Omega }$ and $\mathrm{\Sigma }\mathrm{\Xi }\mathrm{\Omega }$ with a separation energy of $\sim 4.6$ MeV. We have calculated the contribution of the Coulomb potential to differentiate among the different charged states.